Dr. Chamberlain was very precise in marking when patients paid for services and paid off debts. Not only did he note when he was paid, Dr. Chamberlain also recorded by what means he was paid. It was not uncommon at this time to pay for physicians’ services with goods other than cash. Throughout his ledgers, Dr. Chamberlain is paid with various means such as beef, potatoes, honey, oats, and stove wood. Goods were not the only things taken as payment, Dr. Chamberlain also accepted manual labor as compensation. For example, on May 31, 1899, he records that “John Morris Cr (this means paid) by mason work, patching front room”. In May of 1899 he also records that Mr. Wood’s wife paid for the services “by helping yesterday”.