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H O "an, Galt Earl Kaizenmcier. in: H " Mllnt- Todd, Gait Burton S. w, Hill, Gull ' _ Norman D, McLeod. Galt The qumhun of whether to breed from grits nr mature sows is one on which vxpcrimentat evi- dence shows concdurable differ- thtce of upgnmn. Some farmers follow the practm» of breeding only frwn v,/t, but the majority use maluw scan or u balance of mature Mn?» and gm: Possibly the smmw; .1 Loniqined in this reiativ, popularity. The wasnns generally put for- ward for wording only from gilts, are [how harder feed consumption, and humus“ if cur, prove barren, they can be turmd off to market before tnes mused bacon weights ---eveit though they may be extra hcavis. insults, at the Dominion Fxperimcntal Station, Lacombe. ta.. horven vr, Lndicate that ma- . re sows wean stronger, heavier: gs and average about one pigi we per littre. These are import- _ t considerations when economy} production ts so closely 're/e tho number of strong. thrifty was wcnncd, says 9. G. Stewart1 of the Lucombc Station. _ Gills or Sow for Breeding Herd? Eve-ty merchant knows of the cases in which he has to handle some lines of goods at a very small margin ot pro6t, or even at an actual loa, in the bookkeeping some, in order to keep the total vo- lunw of mulmsa large. Naturally, where the merchant can charge full. cost at handling wme goods this is done, in order to make up for Hum: m.» US where the merchant cannot get his full cost back. Would Cancd.riuss really like the railways to reduce the standard ot plnlrngl 1- ottirsctrs? Would it really help to develop this country furqt‘tu Lu: tuwomfortahle for people to travel from one point to urtothct , in 21mm. um. n; a very absurd complaint It has no real hun- datum, or Cuurit’ the railways do that. Roving to furnish the country tutu puevengct' services, since the country would not do very well in “Mung l'rclgm traffic it there were no passenger trains. the rvilwuys try n. gt a; high rates as posubte for passenger business; Tney knww tr, cxpenenu; that n! they put titeae rates beyond a cumin punt piccserWi'rs will go by other means ot transportation. va _ pustnger business is a small proportion ot the whole nil- way trcfric, the losses moaned in that way are not very important, ard they have to be met where they can be met. Experience has shown thy railways that freight rates can be raised a bit without camang truth to dry up. Thus, the railways charge passenger [as to their taught business. That ts exactly what everyone else does at h'., own busmess During tire mvuangauon ot railway (night rates by the Board ot 'rio.uowtrt Commissioners, and by the was!“ Royal Commission, yawn.» pram.» have been, made that the runways charged loan on passenger bus:ncas to freight, It sounds like . catapult“. but. ot course, that IS nut a very bright ml ' Bram h Omre: H9 King St W., Kitchener, opt, - 'Phonetd'lli! Clifford N, Hull. Branch Mam." 'ep.',,'),',:.'"""'": R, M Macfarlane I. vents lit-x N. Sharpe Ed A Hm Arthur _ Ermthnupt J, "(Milka w M o Lame-d J D M, Finher Arthur I. Heit More mlpnrtnnl than the ques- THE BEAN ”We & mo 00. Oman and Paul-Ann t%toeM.ttrrat. NIH. h M non per yet: In Canada: I.” p- m can“: Cam. col-I . Authorized u new an at». ”We”. Ottawa, auxin: “MM {Ha-.223. but: W lit-AL! "* VOU'll FIND YOU! LOCAI. "PM"t"Aut" "" Protaretlort an I." Cod '0 you tenlizo life Insurance is your easiest way of ' A "le3 any? THE WATERLOO CHRONICLE Hut uf-Town Rcmmnuum, It Earl Kytt.nett?rsN.tw lumbar. Ont No Real Grievance FRIDAY. sun-mm M. 1009 "ton of gilt or sow, is the quality and capacity ot the individual te- males that make up the herd and “he choice of replacements. Some )gilts will outyield certain mature lsows. and vice versa, but the real problem in developing the breed- )ing herd is to keep only the older isows which have proved them- selves and choose gilts that will improve production in succeeding g generations. Some farmers fl, they have not the time to we the feed bin and compare the re-i lative economy ot different lit-l tars. but when some pigs go to market and grade high after "ttt only 500 to 600 pounds ot 4tt The sows retained in the herd should be those which have dem- onstrated their ability to produce large. .ttrifty Jitte.rs of ea_sy feed- from weaning to market weight, 'while other: use 800 to 900 ‘pounds. there is no question as to the litter trom which aim should be retained tor breeding. Com.. promises will be necessary as some linens grade high, but eat a lot of feed, and others eat less but do not grade as well. The aim saved should be of good type and from litters that were better than the herd average it improvement is to be expected. me: high qGatity bacon pigs. ”Who ! To main sure of green feed for fall some poultry-men punt In- nual crops such " fall rye, fall wheat, rape, corn, munch. cat" ttrage, hall The cereal grains will provide enough pasture on an acre for 1000 birds for a month. the rape, corn, hall enough for 2000 'bll'dx rut dark yolk, Rape mould not ‘6. fed to O Bock producing high quality market up , 11ny Increase in returns now fwd) have to come Irony more me- ;chamzation, more eMciency. prndurmg hatching Fags Freshly Cut 1awrhr1ippirttr, olfalte, clover The cabbago and mangels are generally ttiw n to the newly hound pullels They have not as high food value as other seen feeds but are a good tonic. Ike] sure the cabbage. have not spoiled l and Ado notfee A mange]: toy Beth feed m 1m: lo phneu or a laying‘. flock at the rate of 5 lbs. r moi birds More than this Mira-uh, Although the trend throughout Eastern anada as a whole is to larger farms, it does not hold for each province. In the twenty years from 1921 to 1941, Eastern JCanada's total of small farms-- that is, farms of 100 acres or tess-- decreased. but in Quebec the pro- vincial total of small farms in- creased. On the other hand, large ltarms-tarms of 300 acres or more l--mcreased for the whole of East- ‘ern Canada, but decrlased in Que- ‘bec. However a good permanent pas- ture mixture containing legumes if properly managed uring the season should still be .tr,otdf,ig.'r engugh green teed tor t , fhyelt. At this time of year many poul-' try tangles are dried up and the] grasses ave too high a fibre corp, tent to be of any use, to poultry/ This is probably the result of 81 combinatzon ot things, low soil (utility. hot dry weather, over-a crgyding of rainy, I Green feeds are just as necela sary for the Bock at this time ot year as they are in early summer, They are rich in vitamins m in proteins and supply nutrients lacking in other feeds. Good suc- culent green feed acts as a tonic ant) keeps up the birds' appetite. At first glance, these Tact: seem only confusing, but in reality they simply mean that the in- creasing mechanization of (anus in Eastern Canada is leading in- evitably to larger tarm units and more efficient use of farm labor, for despite the tact that the rural population is greater than it was m 1881, there are today about 2,000 fewer ttGt actually "oc- cupied in agricu ture" than there were in IMI, of 17,000 occupiod farms in the period 192l-4l, Ontario shows a drop of 20,000. The greatest de- clme m me number of occupied farms--ott a percentage basis-- was in Nova Scotia, where the to- tal tell from 47,000 to 33,000. Field crop acreage totals for the huc provinces were 3,000,000 less in 1948 than they were in 1921. But all this reduced tillage to the contrar , total farm returns were up by Gu'tlllloJlfil, This prompts the suggestion that further reduc- tions in acreage might bring fur- ther increasus in returns. But the experts say; "No, they've gone about as far as lhcy can go in that direction." But cash returns to farmers in Eastern Canada, on that reduced acreage of 1948, were $263,000,000 greptey thay in 1931. - Conversion from small farm to large farm seems to be progress- ing most rapidly in Ontario where, in the same twenty-year period, the number of small tarms dropped by 15 per cent while the number of large farms increased tt_25 per_cenL ' -Thesie figures are reflected in the totals of occupivd farms. Where, Qucbcc s)utwy an in.crea.se Coming down to more recent times. and tor which comparative flgutes are available, farmers in Eastern Canada put 3,000,000 teats acres into field crops in 1940 than thgy did i.n 1921. _ . But there were 40,000 fewer oc- cupied farms in Eastern Canada in 1941 than there were In 1881. The number of tarms in East- ern Canada with 100100. 200-300 and over 300 acres earn was Flip" in 1941 than u was in But the rural population of Eastern Canada amounted to only 41 per cent ot the total population in 1941, compared with " per cent m 188t. [ The Agricultural Engineerini Division ot the Experimeota Farm Service, Dominion Depart- ment ot Agriculture, has cast a comparative eye on fS'"ld return for 1381 and [MI has noted some striking contrasts between the two sets of itgures Chances are the contrasts will be even more striking when the 1961 cen- sus__is coem?lete. _ _ A -- The rural pogousation of Eastern Canada was .000 greater in 1941 than " was in 1881. Fewer Acres, But Greater Returns 1'N'MgtSrdLtTU='gd'rUgr1'girhtfllt: $h.P-amAaaertt'tarr.4tm.tr_ee Duh-Illin- 6rNtt,_hrMs-ra-htmaatA_aoM+ -,eMetb-tr%rtAs%tra.1eryr'Bf-aeer aeqrXe'h-yeeer-P.ur.eeist."o t lawn Ql",','dli'ti a up! w)lt _ "utrtse FALL GREEN FEED my“: lg from “a “midi-mm Th t be little doubt __ {trounce mom; roxiengefus a hwooa~ ere seems o ' at. if ro er y care or, t an as _ in Britain but t.het.wortten's heads '"'t%'lB,'ah,'/A'lPg, Jet, rough "Jgltw, It is oh record _ will he crpppeOttis ayttmuy_The A! #TNTER HIE], ' that. one farmer who followed "small hats,whic_h the milligram Ontario growers of winter ood woodlot practice, and who ‘have designed will not permit of wheat are warned to be cautious Ii'l/lftl records of ovcprything re- a siusle superfluous lock of hair m the puruhm of seed gram moved, found that the land in i and instead of the chrysanthemum grown outsiPt the proymce. bush was producing sufficient To. [ cut, the tulip cut and other ro- There is a relatively new disease venue to pay the rent " thc farm, mantically named styles, there of tyinter1yheat known as Dwarf In the management of a woodlot. will likcly be a yartatton of the Hunt which could be a serious it Ls important to olxservt. om, or <himzle of the rr,en2,2"',r,,twli'.'itdii'ii""i,'ty,t to Ontario winter wheat-GG things Cattle should not be Prany of the new hats in Britain Dwarf Bunt ricscmhles outlallowed to graze in the bush, be- ‘are minute cloches with a diago- Common Bout or Stmlring Smut cause they destroy all the young Gai line across the forehead.; Wings In that smut kernels instead of growth which protects the roots [are a favorite trimming. but not normal atom are found in the ofthe treesrrom drying out, not: sarin in f"e,eritira, nzine Beads! Bat thine“, "[319. With thn cutting wood for fuel. u ts which Ls part 0 t f a at in war uni toggle-n. ere’isdan advisable to “mow all dead the same matuu; hsort‘iie "llt'leigiia,",'/le'J d :hcm‘ig o tj,ijiji,rl,r'jl')'s, and m order to find sc.ems.to grow outdo Ive y e, u {e B pint: .da‘n es r'"ll',', tar- them when snow has fallen trimmings not 't'fil"'jf1'v1llh up- mg: un "ll stare \le’gys tuned in winter, it is a good plan raids; Some o _ om is} Tddr, ','l'l'llo"t a? can boonlgo' f to mark their location during the deb Th0“; trimmiIng§ I' IC 'lit. Jd is",' a: me: . f ll, war summer It " also good practice nearly a not nl,'-', _ntytl Ir,,,)'),",',',',; hu") canno an} ',"l,tle,rlJl4ll't; to remove undesirable species of (ite, for trai'e "in: in this an i,tltir,) are ”govt"? mono tattle; trees, ruch as ironwoud. svhtch do fangpmlfs. men le Tt"he Carla fit' crests 'll', r 0p " .0“; not produce trunks satisfactory i )ut 'lterll"i, liei (yr,' Le, 33;, on F . info De t Tif/l trl. or making into lumber. The (ijiF:iiiii: it at in are on; t Its 1'/rfl'll,"ih ort dwar um I 5.3 same applies to crooked and mis. [,of, entire has}! and! ve 'litre be '""1t", l' "ly are“; t h t Shanon trees which occupy space have $1?in ric sulrvacgk’i c. t ea- l “a {t ' d 'ya o I','.',. tl hm that could be utilized tor growing ver, “rivets are? for mg '/i'f, d 'llc,?, found J'd 7‘. 1:16 I b.” straight trees of good lumber va- extensively, most y or tur It, n oun _in nu: oum Pr'rietii's. chap.“ moulded to the head with Aut more Important 'to Ontariol -_-_ - --_--- a stiNenst diagonal Wing drape S/,'lrir,',' is the presence of Diver“ _ across the from and held at the) unt in New York State. It is in side with a iewelled pm. Colors the interests of all wheat growers"l BRITISH COATS FOR (include cedar blue, black and grey lto .keep.Dwa.rl Bunt out of On-) AMERICAN TROOPS combined in a lovely harmony ofltario. Since it can be carried on' --...-._', ‘color; chartrvuse. tobacco, and seed grain, growers are advxsed: A Manchester, England, firm GG', green; black geranium yel- [to purchase registered or certified has secured $000,000 ordcr from (row and white. A black velvet seed, particularly if the wheat the Ts. Government to supply ”averting hat from one house was were grown outside the p.rovi.net,Amtr.icter soldiers all over the ~worked with dragonfly bead mo- It pays to treat all seed 1theaCwor.ld with acivilian type of rain.. tif-a return to the 1880's-inter- with a seed disinfectant such as coat. This is the result of a three- spersed with small lumps ot glass, Germ. ‘year effort by the firm to estab- tow and white. A black vofvet evening hat from one house was worked with dragonfly bead mo- tif-a return to the 1880's-inter- spersed with small lumps ot glass. "Fortunately there is no better time for renovating hwns than in early September, he states. “Fall application of fertilizer should be made now, Large bare spots Should be broken u , nested with fertilizer and I'ihl't with the etype of am or mixture best suit to soil and location, Sodding would‘ be a quick way, but many ttnd ‘that this is too costly and that sods free from weeds are hard to Printed material on lawns, Bow.. erbeds and home beautification can be obtained by writing the Horticultural Society Branch On- tario Depargent of liiriiiiitGi, Parliament uildlngg, Toronto, " to the Publicity Branch. Deputy ment of Agriculture, Ottawa. Mr. Carroll points out that there are 175 Horticultural Socie- ties in Ontario and the MBeers are ready and willing to give expert advice on local conditions. SMALL HATS BRING RETURN or THE "WHOLE" The condition is most aevere in areas hit by the almost unprece- dented drought of the past sum- mer, he “35' Many lawns had been alrea y weakened by the very dry August and September of 1948' and did not resin strength m the months of my and June, which normally ate mus‘t growing. but this year were wry dry. _. A . _ .. fl! UP um IO. 18 ADVICE ttrPErtBD BY - man: A lawn rehabilitation mam. to be launched at once, a pro- Krf, by J. A. Carroll, Secrets)" tam Horticultural Association "We have seen so many (sick lawns with thin fare“ bum spots, and in some p es large areas completely dead and now over rown with late summer weak, that we feel something should be done," Mr. Carroll lays. He adds that most common weeds include lamb's quarwrs. pig-weed and purslane. CARLING’§ " Thelma”- '-'tso'eware-too-eomotd--. Porcupine-dwa- _""""'-""""",)""?"'"'"-""'-.. ”WU-7M -roet-Mteoqs, ‘v“mvwmmhdpbbopw laid-0:0: In recent studies in the storage of 40-aeore print butter wrapped in aluminum foil and parchment at 10 degrees F. and 28-30 degrees F. for " to 37 weeks, results mow that the aluminum foil wag pre- vented loss of grade ems parchment-wrapped prints de-l teriorated to second grade due to surface fUvor defects The foil- wrapped prints also showed less loss of weight and maintained better color than panchment- ‘wrapped butter under usual hu- jnidity conditions at 10 t,irir,', F. The use of aluminum toi agens (up the possibility of storing igh f,t,elbt print butter tor extensive Lperi at usual cold storage tem- 1r.r.'11.hrE! of 10 degrees F. or low- _er.2yithout Iosy ot.grade, l The new alumlnum toil wrap can be embossed and printed in various colors, makes an attrac- tive tttr when neatly wrapped. an has been handled satisfactorily by automatic pack- aging equipment. Ontario growers of winter wheat are warned to be cautious in the purchase of seed grain grown outside the provtnce. There is a relatively new disease of winter wheat known as Dwarf Bunt which could be a serious menace to Ontario winter wheat. Dwarf Bunt rcsembles our Common Bum or Stinking Smut in that smut kernels ”mead of normal grain are found in the heads at harvest time. With Dwarf Burst, however, there is an over-amount of tilloring of-dis- eased plants, and the stems bear- intLBunt htyis are very short. [Science tGrvice, Dominion Pe-) partrnent of Agriculture, the alu-i minum toil wrap has diown den ttnite advantages over parchment; in preventing deterioration of quality in tint butter. When) stored at 40 Seneca F. and 00 de- grees F. tor " days, print butter in Aluminum foil maintained bet-, ter Bavor quality at the surface,‘ showed considerably less loss G) weight, and retained the origins” color much better than prints ini the usual parchment wraps. The}I aluminum toil also inhibited the: absorption ot odours and ftavours) from such traits and vegetables; in: apples and potatoes, and fame icomplete protection from ight' penetration even when butter was exposed to direct sunlight tor sev- en hours. Under the. same Condi- I tions, butter in parchment showed) a dednite ullowy ttavor after; three hours' exposure. 1 ti mare. by] in Div'isibn of WWW and wwwm for int butter, which has been lingo“! many. in Cap-d: and the United States, com“ of a .0000: 11mm toil, mud with =ttllt,tt'tgtlA'ut'rtrt' A oft-tter-ttthere, a tive coating to pnvem t,itll2tiSl corrosion from brine, and which in laminated to a light wsight tteteslt whggn; a“ _ rt._iradahi'iui Taf- ii1tttgt,iilfti's"iti1ttij in“ Montana-1 m clad advaer the.; bursa” at butter. A no“ I . to-tthe tttttatt,',',','.,",',,'.':,:,',',,"' m odoarsamithmrdruftom ottsertrt.od.or_materia1hle-ot weiatttduetoihouture Tlrlt mm Manna oxidation detects. “Wake aouAeas, aid tuveGGiiaetiFeE '"e that will have consume: Nk- Ttttey alumina-m {on t"N' - VIII! " (Ill! - '"" " 'IlI!" Itwo things, Cattle should not be lallowed to graze in the bush, be- cause they destroy all the young 'growth which protects the roots of the trees from drying out, :thn cutting wood for fuel. it is "advisable to rumovo all dead trees, and in order to find them when snow has fallen ‘in winter, it is a good plan to mark their location during the summer It " also good practice to remove undesirable species of trees. ,uch as ironwoud. which do not produce trunks satisfactory 4or making into lumber, The same applies to crooked and mis- shapen trees which occupy space that could be utilized for growing straight trees of good lumber var rieties. A Woodlot Cain Be Profitable The farm woodlot has proved over and over again to by a good investment. and wherever pos- sible ever; farmer should have his own re-a Orestahon or Conserva_ tiomplan. Most farmers have art area of rough or strong land that would produce more revenue as a wood, lot, if properly cared for, than as rough pasture, It is oh record that. one farmer who followed ood woodlot practice, and who Iil'/l,'t1 records of everything re- moved, found that the land m bush was producing sufficient IU?- venue to pay the rent nf the farm, In the management of a woodlot, it is important to observu one or N50 thipgs, Cattle should not be PAINTS: Ark for a copy d la You: Son and Daughter". " M of practical and holpful "t gosliom on this WM! sotnd= Avoikblo at " brortqAqs. THE ROYAL BANK OF CANADA Waterloo Branch not be rh, be- young roots l n ts dead find fallen pl?n 'lish a good tooling in the TSA.. American public at similar prices _ market. The ftrm's organization Ls to garments produced in the already "tpplying rainwear to the USA. SEPTEMBER INVESTMENT Bowman SECURITIES comm. LIMITED .- noon-nu. - mun-int. tr-WR- un- "an Lou-cu, It... Lou“.- run-luau "unann- out": NIL-VA! than Jam. W” ..kerg" 'iiitii'.C. 5iess , I C :5” /,/ , MRliu0!ilt1's Like Inlay another farmer's son he has plans tad is doing swimming about them now. He is" wise enough to know that the habit of saving something out of every dollu he an]! an be the very foundation of his future 'ucCesN tet “It". "(lulu um" an“... unm It iner too early to start a savings account. Copies available on new Telephone Waverley 3681 or write Suggestions for " Kill. some! West, Tormun. " S, Beveridge, Manager EucNt'aheJ l A? I Our September booklet lu- tregemen" cBm-inn oth- inst of a broad tut of bond- and ”och which will ”do! you in Making Your Mm, Work Harder. in Iccuritioa - to all}. money work harder-that investments mowed. Successful invcument n- quires constant at; 11cm It is by taking advmfage of oppoetaniue minus clung.- Itiol - to nuke