The following text may have been generated by Optical Character Recognition, with varying degrees of accuracy. Reader beware!

us shown by the administration of the Department of Agriculture, was completely endorsed in the clections The record of the Lauriet Goveraâ€" ment before the larmeis of Canada, ‘The establishmert of "a complete chain of cold storage transportation trom the farm in Canada to the conâ€" sumer in Great Britain; . n.fi-tshu oft that adbpéinistrar tion then before the public were: ‘ .i The removal of the c#ttiequarat tine restrictions between the United States and Cangda; . ~.~ "p The enactment of the San Jose Scale Act, for the protection of our orchards against that insidious pest, The ipauguration of. the disiribuâ€" tion of agricultural information _ to the farmers; > , . The appointment ol a praclical agâ€" riculturist to manage the tillage and live stock at the Ceniral Experimenâ€" tal Farm; The system of cold storage trans portation provided refrigerator chamâ€" bers at the creameries, refrigerator car service to carry perishable proâ€" ducts to the seaboard; the establishâ€" ment of cold storage warehouses at the chief points of export; the proâ€" vision on the oceanâ€"going vessels . of efficient _ mechanical cold _ storage chambers. The, appointment of a Live Stock ComrfWssioner to deal with the varied interests of live stock production and management in Canada. ‘ By reason of these improvements, Canadian butter and other perishable products could be laid down in the British market in good condition; the result was an immediate advance in the position of these Canadian . proâ€" ducts in the English market, whert before Danish, Australian and . New Zealand butter stood . considerably higher than Canadian butter; _ Cana dian butter advanced to the second place, running the Danish pretty bard in the race. en the same advantages as his comâ€" petitors in other lands. Before 189t Australia, New Zealand and the Uni ted States had firstâ€"class cold storage facilities for handling their perishable products in England. The Tory Gov ernment had failed to provide thest for the Canadian farmer and it wa: left to the present Liberal Govern ment to inaugurate this service. ‘Tender fruits were shipped and sucâ€" cessfully sold on the English market, which the Canadian producer neve! had been able before to do. The Canadian farmer, by this work of the Laurier Government, was givâ€" ABOLISHED THE QUARANTINE The quarantine of ninety‘days upoi all cattle entering the United Statés from Canada before 1897 . practically, prohibited any export to that ‘couh: try. The Tories had deplored this, but said nothing else could be done. Hon. Sydney Fisher, the Minister ol Agriculture, took a trip to Washâ€" ington, and in a week swept awa) this quarantine obstruction. The im mediate result was an increase in the export of Canadian cattle to the Uniâ€" ted States. In the fiscal year ending June 30th, 1896, we exported to them 1,845 head, valued at 98,870. Fo1 the next six months, to Dec. 31st, the export was 577 head, at $9,717. ‘The abolition of the quarantine took effect one month afterwards, on Febâ€" reary lst. For the six months endâ€" ing June 30th, 1897, after the aboliâ€" tion had been effective for five monâ€" the, we exported 35,421 head, valued at $499,421. The fiscal year, ended 30th June, 1898, our export was 87,â€" 805 head, valued at $1,239,448, the price in the latter year being $14 per head against $5.39 in 1896, an inâ€" crease in price of $8.61 per head The exports, during the seven years preâ€" vious to the abolition, 1890â€"1896, amâ€" ounted to $195,811; during the followâ€" ing seven yeats, ending June 30th, 1903, they totalled $6,119,385 <uring of cheese were inado Governmenmt, resulting in a improved article and a bet to the makers. In the distribution of agricultural knowledge, the first steps were taken and the foundations laid on which, in the last four years, immense strides have been made. "nâ€"-“_‘llmd expenditure has been made on behalf of the cheese industty in the arrangement of cool ventilated Extemsive experiments COoOL CURING OF CHEI Products.â€"Mora Than Doubled Since 1896 Products.â€"More Than Doubled Since 1896. UP TO 1900 in the ships for the carâ€" Â¥94 roa o «iceatly better price in the coo %‘5‘;% ‘ksvd:‘.a SE,. + largely â€"availed OF R8d\have proven‘a this valvable product, 14 "“.?."“‘,.“ s valua ( 4 ment has been ll”tmt the rse of the last two years by . the g‘“ of the gricul ture. ie ting .A [ 200 to be the setting .Aap&rtâ€"of 200 â€"actes‘ to be worked as a dairy {arm. In 1899, the firs® of %his "wokk,] 3#"~ cattle wene a. il&“":g'qéda;eu for @ll crops, last year 96 cattle were fed, although the season was generalâ€" ly an unfavorable one. This rteblt; is â€"dugeto systematjle 16â€" tation and thorough cultivation, and is an evidence of what improvement has been made. A ‘lafge number of thoroughbred stock have been purchased and placed 6n the farm, and toâ€"day visiting farâ€" mers can find typical specimens of the highest class of dairy Shorthorns, Guernseys, _ Ayrshires and â€" French Canadian cattle; as well as Leicester and Shropshire sheep, and Yorkshire Berkshire and Tamworth bacon hogs. The old work horses have been replaâ€" ced by firstâ€"class show teams, . and the fields are a model of good tillage, clean culture and heavy crops. A specimen of opposition criticism was the complaint of Sam Hughes, M.P., on the floor of the House, that there was a wheat field on the farm which was foul with oats and barley and rye. The Honorable Member knew so little of farming that he was not able to recognize a field of mixed grain purposely sown for experiment as to the product of various mixâ€" tures. The work of Mr. F. W. Hodson, as Live Stock Commissioner, has develâ€" oped in the last four years to such an extent that this year an item of $34,000 is devoted to it. This is an entirely new branch of the Department. The importance of the live stock interests is illustrated by the followâ€" ing census valuation of the live stock in Canada for the year 1900: Milch cows ... ... Other horned cattle HOFSES .cs cosls o Sheep ... cose ooo SWING onl cce uon There has been an immense increase in the Farmers‘ Institute work, the Dominion Department supplying trained and expert lecturers to all the provinces. The local agricul tural 1‘lairs have been supplied with expert | judges, who not only have awarded “1he prizes but explained â€" the differâ€" |ences between the competing animals and delivered lectures on the types lwhich ought to be produced. Total animals and proâ€" C AUCLS celllce rovve oreens Neiee There was no Dominion organizaâ€" tion of this work before. We now have an organized live stock associaâ€" tion for the Dominion, and local asâ€" sociations in all the provinces. The live stock men of the different secâ€" tions are brought into close touch. Andâ€"by means of auction sales . orâ€" ganized under this Department, by means of the expansion and elaboraâ€" tion of the Guelph Fat Stock Show, the establishment of the Maritime Provinces Fat Stock Show at Amâ€" herst, the establishment of the Eastâ€" ern Ontario and Quebec Live Stock ‘Show at Oltawa, the establishment of a show at Calgary, and several minor gatheringsâ€"there has been deâ€" veloped a complete system of interâ€" provincial live stock trade. Making, exclusive of poulâ€" Animal products, except On the Central Experimental Farm There has been inaugurated and perfected a system of educational and ilustrative work at the difierent fat stock and q§ber exhibitions. The stimulus to . interâ€"provincia! trade in live stock was very neeesâ€" sary. _ Before this work of the Deâ€" partment began, our Eastern breedâ€" ets were sending their stockers . to the United States to be finished, and the best of the profit from them was reaped in the fereign country. CATTLE TRADE WITH BRITAIN AND THE UNITED STATES. In 1896 the average price of Canâ€" adian cattle sent to the Unsited Staâ€" THE EXPERIMENTAL FARM The Live Stock Division interâ€"provincial $ 69,237,970 54,187,341 148,279,419 %49’0,5’97{ â€" 16,445,702 $268,651,026 $412,717,947 144,066,921 it r n dMts‘ 4. old. bfi'fi.fl' from 1,645 in 1 ,;.'u.‘ T i0 ioi depernoes B ho iss | Whelidaillt is that bilk export trade to Great Britain has increased {from $6,816,861 in 1896 to $7,579,080 in 1900, the year the Live Stock Comâ€" missioner was appointed, and to $10,â€" 842,438 in 1903. This satisfactory showing is largely due to the organiâ€" zation of the live stock interests aidâ€" ed by the Bepartment and to the disâ€" tribution of valuable information . to those engaged in the business. the demand on the part ol Canadian feeders for stockers, and toâ€"day these animais are fnished largely on our own ranges and shipped in, the best Canadian live stock has been noted for its health and freedom from epiâ€" demics, but as the industry is inâ€" creasing and the trade expanding, care and attention are more and more required. It may salely be said ‘that, toâ€"day, a most thorough and complete organization for this purpose is ۤâ€" tablished. © In 1901, the Fruit Marks Act was introduced and made law. For some years there has been comâ€" plaint of the bad packing and markâ€" ing of Canadian fruit exported, . esâ€" pecially apples; the result had been very general losses to the Canadian fruit grower and handler, and a very bad reputation for Canadian fruit in the English marke. This Act requires the marking of all closed packages with the name of the packer and the grade of the fruit and also requires that the whole package should be uniform in quality. The act bas now been in force for three years, each year more strinâ€" gently. The result has been a markâ€" ed improvement in the reputation of Canadian fruit in the Old Country. 13 °2C It also applies to the local marâ€" kets, and has been of great value to the home consumer. So favorably has the act been comâ€" mented upon, that Mr. Boyle, the American Consul at Liverpool, Engâ€" land, on October 6th, 1903, reported to the Department of Commerce, at Washington: "On the whole, the condition and ‘quality of the fruit from the United "States is satisfactory, but there "were instances where the packing "‘was very badâ€"in fact, some in the "trade describe it as dishonest packâ€" For the last two sessions of Parliaâ€" ment the Hon. Mr. Fisher has discusâ€" sed the enactment of a law to conâ€" trol the trade in agricultural seeds, and has introduced a° bill for that purpose, but the obstructive and facâ€" tious opposition of the Conservative members has prevented its becoming law. s Careful investigation, under the suâ€" pervision of Mr. Clarke, Chief of the Seed Division of the Department, showed that there was a very . conâ€" siderable amount of foul and imperâ€" feet seed palmed off on our farmets, while there was no possibility of the individual purchaser knowing what he was getting. This seemed a legitimate ground for legislative interference. The difficulâ€" ties of working out a law which would fairly protect the farmer and not unduly interfere with legitimate trade were great, but, instead of aid and assistance being given, every obâ€" stacle and objection that could . be possibly dreamed of was brought forâ€" ward, and the Minister was not able to pass the law without resorting to a bruteâ€"force majority vyote The investigation and the discus sions which have been raised by the officers of the Depattment in agriculâ€" tural meetings of all kinds have, how ever, served the purpose of stimulatâ€" ing observation and inquiry, and . of improving the existing business. mng, a ) ref on the top and at theebottom _ of each barrel, and in the centre of the barrel adl sorts of rubbishy apples were placed. If packers will be more particular iA_ grading and packing, greater confidence will exâ€" ist here with buyers, and the result will be better prices. Great satisâ€" faction is expressed at the result of ‘the action tak@gn by the Canadian Government to prevent fraudulent ‘packing, for by â€" it irresponsible shippers are prevented from operatâ€" ‘ing." It is still the determination of the Minister to persevere until a law adeâ€" THE SEED GRAIN BRANCH THE FRUIT MARKS ACT i it applesâ€" being â€"put AHURSDAY, OCTOBER 16,/1904, quate to the protection of the far mers shall be passed. In this connection a notable work has been undertaken to form _ Seed Growers‘ Associations, _ through which it is hoped that improved seeds may be grown and.distributed amongâ€" st the farmers of the country. Exâ€" perimental work, has shown that . a decided increase in production can be brought about by improvement in the selection of seed, and this great help }w the agriculture of the country is now well under way. ‘HE LINE oF ie ForTIFICATIONS ALONG THME WESTERN BORDER â€" The demand for information about and the interest excited in the raisâ€" ine of noultrv. has led to.the _ aDbâ€" puiqtmcnt of Mr. Victor Fortier, as Assistant to the Poultry Manager of the Experimental Farm, and conseâ€" quently to an increased number of lectures given out from the Experiâ€" mental Farm on this subject. ‘e Fattening Stations, under the Poultty Division of the Commissionâ€" er‘s Branch have been increased . in numbers, and the whole has been carâ€" ried a stage further, in that now threeof the older stations have been equipped for breeding as well as raisâ€" ing and fattening the chicks. In this breeding work a utility type of a table fowl has been carefully seâ€" lected, and it has been proved that the chicks thus bred and raised at the station have fattened more profitably than those either raised from purâ€" chased eggs, or purchased at three months old for fattening. So popular has this breeding of the utility type of bird proved that the managers have been forced to sell most of their chicks to Canadian farâ€" mers for the improvement of | theit birds, instead of fattening them for the market. Another remarkable development is that the home market absorbs practiâ€" cally all the fattened poultry. The dwellers in our Canadian cities, hayâ€" ing tasted the properly fattened poulâ€" try supplied from the Government fattening stations, _ have demanded more and more, until now the Govâ€" etnment stations, and very many priâ€" vate individuals who have learned how to do this work from the illus trations at the Government stations, are not able to fill the local demand. Such fattened poultry now commands in the large Canadian cities as high as 12, 13 and 14 cents a pound, while formerly the Canadian farmer . was obliged to be content with 5, 6 or 7 cents a pound for his barnyard birds. The customs and excise duties . of the present Government on tobacco have given encouragement to the use of homegrown tobacco in Canada. By the arrangement of the duries there is a certain protection of the Canaâ€" i"u; ;;;;&; of tobacco, and by THE POULTRY INDUSTRY TOBACCO GROWING arrangement of the licenses there is encouragement to the manufacturer to use Canadian tobacco. The result has been most stimulating, but the Canâ€" adian producer was not thorouthy up in the best methods of handling this peculiar crop. The Minister of Aggiculture tuinderâ€" took certain work at the Experimenâ€" tal Farm, ard put up there a scientiâ€" fically _ constructed tobacco drying house. In the Province of Quebec exâ€" periments were conducted, under the supervision of the Department, in the growth of different vtrletiu, and | a small experimental &tation was esâ€" ‘tablished at St. Jacques de l‘Achigan Owing to the resignation of the manâ€" ager, this work was suspended. The Minister, however, sent an expart toâ€" iifim'i-_"l'v_-ci winy MmICRICE 20 ADERgRCEE to find out just what methods were most successful in preparing the toâ€" bacco for the market, and a valuable report was Oobtained. Further invesâ€" tigations have been carried on in the United States as to the methods of curing and handling the crop there, and toâ€"day a mass of information is collected and prepared for distribuâ€" tion to the tobacco growers of the country, which it is confidently exâ€" pected will revolutionize the methods and increase the profits from this most important crop. . hansa â€"azawar and handlar to. Relginm The great importance of it may be seen from the census reports, which show that in 1890, there were only 314,086 pounds of tobacco grown in Ontario, and 3,958,737 in Quebec; in 1900 the yield had risen to 3,503,739 pounds for Ontario, and 7,655,417 for Quebec. The reports of the Department oli Inland Revenue show that in 1895â€"96, the number of factories of foreign leaf was 27, while only 10 were enâ€" gaged in the manufacture of domestic leaf. At the end of last year, . the number of factories engaged in forâ€" eign leaf had fallen from 27 to 23, while the number engaged in domesâ€" tic and mixed tobacco had increased from 10 to 30. In 1895â€"96, under the Conservative regime, we manufactutâ€" ed 9,609,184 pounds of foreign leaf toâ€" bacco, nearly the whole consumption being of foreign leaf tobacco. We only manufactured and consumed in â€" that year 474,205 pounds of Canadian toâ€" bacco. The Liberal policy has been so {fruitful in good results that last year we _ manufactured 7,726,316 pounds, and into that manufacture there entered 4,921,181 pounds . of Canadian leaf. During 1902, 3,712,150 cigars made with Canadian tobacco went into consumption, as against only 704,910 in 1898. So, thanks to the progressive policy of the Liberal policy of the Liberal Government, the Canadian leaf is rapidly displacing foreign leal in Canada. When the Laurier Government took office the work of the Department of Agriculture, for farmers, consisted of the Experimental Farm system and tee work of Professor Robertson as Q~4¢" REFENCES Â¥IK Commissioner of Agriculture â€" and Dairying. Professor Robertson had no expert officer to assist him. At the present time his Branch comprises: The Live Stock Division, under Mr. Hodson; the Dairy Division propetr, under Mr. Ruddick; the Fruit Diviâ€" sion, under Mr. McNeil; the Seed Diâ€" vision, under Mr. Clark; the Extenâ€" sion of Markets Division, under Mr. Moore; and the Poultry Division. The Agricultural Exports, the proâ€" duce of Canada, for seven years unâ€" der Conservative rule, 1890â€"1896, compared with exports for seven years under the Liberals, 1896â€"1903: AGRICULTURAL EXPORT TRADE 1890â€"1903. 1890 1891. 1892 1893 1894 1895 1896 Year 1897 1898 1899 1901 1902 1903 Total, Total, Total, Increase for 1897â€"1903......156,729,252 90,856,150 TRANSPORTATION THEN AND NMW Georgé H. Daniels declares that the St. Louis Fair is ten times as good as any previous world‘s fair, and is willimg to waget a free pass from New York to the Inside Inn that the New York Central offers facilities â€" for reaching St. Louis 1,000 times as good as they were when the Louisiana Purchase was made, and he believes no argument is necessary to convince people of that fact. Let‘s see: St Louis never saw a steamboat till 1817, fourteen years after the Purâ€" chase; and the first tailroad entering the city was the Missouri Pacific, in 1854. A "trek"" from New York to the Mound City must have occupied at least five weeks at the time of the purchase.â€"From the New York Press. Some girls are so modest they can‘t gain a few pounds without blushing about it. C REFLECTIONS OF A BACHELOR Once there was a girl who didn‘t think she could sing, but she got married right away and hnl”chlldrm that she thought could â€"New York Press. _ A man bas a bad temper when he is not proud that the baby can yell with such bealthy lungs â€" 1890â€"96 214,183,469 1897â€"03 370,9123,721 1890â€"96 214,183,469 wai Animals and Agricultural Theaducaén Deadwats 25,106,995 25,967, 741 28,594,850 31,736,499 31,881,973 34,387,770 36,507,641 39,245, 252 44,301,470 46,743,130 56,148,807 55,495,311 59,161,209 69,817,543 117,217,800 208,07 3,950 117,217,800 11,908,030 13,666,858 22,113,284 22,949,490 17,677,649 15,709,128 14,083,361 17,982,616 33,083,285 22,953,915 27,516,609 24,781,486 37,152,688 44,624,321 #}