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School Neus Effects of caffeine, alcohol and nicotine on fetal development The culturally con- doned cup of coffee, cigarette or shot of scotch: In health cir- cles their status is quest- ionable. And when the person consuming them happens to be preg- nant, cultural sanction is definitely on the wane: With the recent dis- covery of the phenome- non Fetal Alcohol Syn- drome (FAS) in babies born to alcoholic mo- thers, research to deter- mine the deleterious ef- fects of harmful sub- stances such as caf- feine and nicotine is particularly relevant. However, it is scarce. Dr. K. Paul Satinder, professor of Psychology at Lakehead Univer- ~ sity says that the cam- pus lab is one of the few engaged in a field of research known as Be- havioral Teratology, or the scientific study of congenital defects. The time consuming nature of the research, the cost and the laborious na- ture of the tasks involv- ed make it unpopular in the field. Dr. Satinder's laboratory at Lakehead University is actually the first to initiate syste- matic research relating to the role of genetically defined organisms in Behavioral Teratology. Working with lab rats, the pregnant animals must be closely moni- tored and the administ- ering of the substances, meticulous. Any human error renders the find- ings meaningless, says Dr. Satinder. While not definitively proven, there is consen- sus among the medical profession that the bab- ies of heavy smokers tend to have- smaller birth weights. Dr. Sa- tinder is convinced that the effects of exposure to nicotine during preg- nancy are universal and also result in cogni- tive disability and per- haps, hyperactivity. He has proposed that these effects be designated "'Smoker's Baby Syn- drome" (SBS). To relate some of their findings, Dr. Satinder, and four graduate stud- ents, Stella Kowalski, Brenda Perrson, Cheryl Berklund and Karl Szugalew presented a symposium entitled "Behavioral Teratogen- ic Effects of Alcohol, Caffeine and Nicotine' in early July to the Con- ference on Psychophar- macology in Toronto. From July 31 to August 5, Dr. Satinder attended the Interna- tional Conference on Laboratory Animal Science in Vancouver. There he made know the There he made known the research discipline he has planned under . the name: "Experiment- al Behavioral Tertologi- cal Genetics."' While Dr. . Satinder has evidence of the harmful effects of alco- hol and caffeine on the pups born to rats ad- ministered the substan- ces in the second and third trimester of their pregnancy, he is only just embarking on simi- lar studies relating to the effects created when the substances are ad- ministered in the first trimester. He is also investigating ways to condition the rats to inhale actual cigarette smoke and drink coffee as opposed to being administered the sub- stances in pure drug form. Potential effects of caffeine, says Dr. Satin- der, have not been fully investigated as yet. He plans to do detailed re- search in this area and to explore such variables as the difference be- tween brewed and in- stant coffee etc. The research goes on step further. Dr. Satin- der and his students will study genetically de- fined animal models to investigate changes in behavior attributable to the effects of alcohol, nicotine and various combinations of these drugs when administer- ed at various stages of pregnancy. Some of the effects encountered so far have been grossly reduced birth weight, hydroce- phalic rats, and differ- ent facial appearance in the rat pups born to rats who have been adminis- tered the substances. The doses, Dr. Satinder says, are often much smaller than normal hu- man intake. He likens the difference in facial 'make-up to that obser- ved in Fetal Alcohol Syndrome children. Dr. Satinder says the public's reaction to these findings is ambi- valent. "We often don't want to look closely at the effects of things that, are dear to us."' Vision and school achievement Today's. child learns more through his eyes than all his other senses combined. The child performs in the class- room and explores his or her world using vision as the primary tool. Near Vision means the ability to focus and see clearly and comfort- ably with both eyes and each eye separately at a distance of about 15 inches. This is the dis- tance at which most efficiently. Adequate field of vi- sion refers to the ability to see both sides up and down while focusing on a small . target. This saves unnecessary eye and head movements '"'Numerous require- school work is done. and is essential for parti- ments are necessary to Distance vision re- cipation in sports and for provide efficient vision fers to the same ability, personal safety. and these must be con- sidered in a complete vision analysis, espe- cially for the school child," said the Presi- dent of the Ontario As- sociation of Optome- trists, Dr. Joseph Mit- telman. The most basic needs for adequate vision are near vision, distance vi- sion, binocular co- ordination and ade- quate field of vision. as needed for near vi- Sion, but for a distance of 6 meters or 20 feet or more. This is necessary to see the chalkboard, to enjoy motion pictures and T.V. and to engage in sports. Binocular co-ordina- tion refers to the ability to make the two eyes work together. This is necessary for art work, handicrafts and play ac- . tivies as well as to read Eighty percent of school work depends on vision. Knowing this, it is easy to understand why good vision is so important to achieve- ment in school. "It is of utmost importance to the care, growth and healthy development of your child to insure that he or she is free of the symptoms of a possible vision problem," Dr. Mittleman stresses. How should children behave around school buses? While any. school authority may have in- structions geared to the needs of a particular area or condition, the Canada Safety Council makes the following guidelines available to parents for their con- sideration: (1) If the bus stops at a driveway (most likely "WINNERS OF THE ANNUAL FISH DERBY LAKE TROUT: Jack Moore RAINBOW TROUT: Lionel Waghorn SPECKLED TROUT: Steve Falzetta PICKEREL howard Cook in a rural area) use a sheltered area to watch for the approaching bus. (2) Watch for traffic before crossing any street. (3) Never push anyone getting on or off the bus. (4) Always hold the handrail when getting on or off the bus. (5) Sit quietly when riding on the bus. (6) Watch for traffic when leaving the bus. (7) Tell the driver before stopping to pick up anything you drop. (8) Do not put arms out a bus window. (9) Use emergency exits only when directed to do so by someone in authority, or in an emer- gency. Terrace Bay - 2, ? " tL ; ¢ rs oo 223 PIKE: Joan Clark Terrace Bay-Schreiber News, Wednesday, October 12,1983, page 7 : New Portable Roy : for Terrace 3 With the increase in enrollment at the Terrace Bay Public School this year, it was necessary to bring in a new portable unit. The unit arrived a couple of weeks ago and is currently being used by the Grade Six students. Total enrollment this. year at the school has increased to 242 and next year's projections look at have even more. School Safety Week- -- Remember these messages! The Canada Safety Council reminds all dri- vers to keep alert for school buses and their flashing red stop si- gnals. Provincial law re- quires all approaching, as well as following, dri- vers to stop their ve- hicles when a school bus is loading or unloading passengers and the overhead lights are on. Children may be un- predictable, but your responsibilities as a dri- ver are clear. eeeneeees School bus collisions are rare, however, child- ren who ride school bus- es must do their part to make every trip a safe one. The Canada Safety Council asks you to be sure that your children respects the directions of the school bus driver. Children may be exu- berant, but, the school bus 'is no place for games. eeceeseeee Ever stop to think that good driving takes more than skill? The Canada Safety Council calls that extra something, "Highway Citizen- ship."' It's knowing how to promote a good sense of moral and social res- ponsibility in traffic. It's take the time to be careful around School Zones and playing child- ren. "Highway Citizen- ship', is the know-how that tells you to use good judgement, understand- ing and courtesy in traf- fic. f YOU'VE go, WRZ 46 THERES rr TAKES initiative Ask our mobile recruiter about a whole new world of career possibilities The mobile recruiting team will visit: RED DOG INN (Terrace Bay) Wednesday, 16 November 1983 12 noon to 4 p.m. TERRACE BAY CURLING CLUB REGISTRATION ROUND ROBIN AND DIVISION CURLING Deadline for entries: SATURDAY, OCTOBER 15 Curlings starts Wednesday, October 19 Please enter complete teams or, if you wish, enter as a single and we will try and organize a team for you. For more information please contact: Men's Curling: Al Legall 825-9310 Mixed Curling: R. Roberts 825-3860 ? ? MYSTERY ? ? . George Caron M. Phillion 825-9369 D. Stewart 825-9151 Ken Johnson 825-3603 R. Duquette 825-9001 Ken Johnson 825-3603