Subsistence hunting was common among pioneer families. For central and northern Ontario, deer and moose meat was sometimes the only fresh meat available for the table. Though the Government of Ontario introduced regulations in the early 20th century that limited hunting to certain times, and limited the number of game taken, most game wardens were pragmatic, knowing the needs of many. As the History Project: South River and Surrounding Townships, page 40, explained, "Mr. Blea was a fairly lenient game warden because he didn't want to get his friends and associates in trouble. Also, people were dependent on the fish and wildlife for food..." (see link "Lenient Game Warden" at left menu for the History Project page).

As pioneer communities became established settlements, many men would continue the tradition of hunting for recreation and bonding with family and friends. The meat was still important well into the late twentieth century.

Though most pioneer families began hunting as a necessity, many affluent Americans and Canadians were willing to pay for the experience at hunting lodges and camps. For local populations, catering to these men was a good business.