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\ Saving Ontario's Natural Resources G. C. Toner Ontario Federation of AngUr* and Hunter* (No. 36) FISH, GAME LAWS * Last week I mentioned that there had been other government bodies concerned with our fish tmd game before our present Game and Fisheries Department t^as instituted in 1905 but even before there were any regulatory < c administrative bodies there were game laws enacted by the Legislature. I mentioned the earliest of the?e last week, the Act of 18:il. In 1839 another Act was pas- sed which was even more com- prehensive for it provided that no person "shall hunt or shoot, or go out with a gun in quest of any deer or other wild animal or wild fowl on the Lord's Day (common- ly called Sunday; within this Province." The season for deer was changed to open August 1st and close February 1st. "Wild turkey, prairi* hen or grouse; commonly called pheasant or partridge; or any quail or wood- cock," could legally be taken from September 1st to March 1st. Open and Clo.ed Son* When the Statutes of Upper Canada were consolidated in 1859 there were few changes. The duck season extended from August 1st to April 15th, eight and one half months of shooting which should have satisfied most paopl*. Even at that time they bad. trouble with wolves and the Act mentions a bounty of six dollars. In 1868, the Province of On- tario revised the gam* laws, cut- ting down th open season to more reasonable length but even this did not prevent depletion. By 1890, the anxiety among thinking people culminated in the appoint- ment of a Commission to investi- gate condltioni and submit rs- *V mmendations. One can find in libraries the Id leather bound volume that contains the report of the Com- mission of 1890. It is well worth reading, particularly for ths pic- ture It gives of conditions fifty years ago. It was a sweeping fend outspoken indictment of ths Tenons abuses that hampered ths conservation of our gams and til*. It had considerable effect for shortly afterwards the Legis- lature set up a Board of Fish Vid Gam* Commissioners under the nominal jurisdiction of th* (Commissioner of Crown Lands. This Commission administered tht mid lift for nearly fourteen Cm when It was dissolved and prestnt Department of Gam* ud Fisheries was set up In its place. Willows Have Turkish Origin Britain and America have a pary strong bond with Turkey, tor every weeping willow gracing ur river banks owes iU origin to a single cutting brought from tfcat country. This is how it hap- pened. At the beginning of th* 18th century a large basket of 2igs was sent from Smyrna to Lady Suffolk in Kngland. Th* ..L'L rojjo was there when th* tfift arrived, so drawing one of the withes from which the basket was made, he remarked: "Per- itaps this will produce something w* have not in Kngland." H* took it with him to his villa at Twickenham and planted it by the Thames, vvhcrs it grew into a magnificent weeping willow. It v.'aii generally admired and cut- tings were taken 'IS all parts of England. Years lator, a British officer leaving for this continent cut a twig from Pope's willow, tnrapped it in oiieu silk and rr- H*4 it in his baggage throughout Hie Revolution. After the war he presented it to John Curtis, son of Manlia Washington, who planted it in Virginia where it became the ancestor of all weep- ing willows in the States. Visible Smells N*ither gold nor platinum has in, odour wich can b* recog- nised by the human nose, but most of the commoner motals ran easily bo recognised by the Hense of smell. Tin, for instance, when freshly cut, has u strong a*4 unmistakable odour. Of th* Mur*r metals, uranium and its eompoundB giv* out th* strong- eat small. I. raniuni Is on* of lh* radio-active metals and constant- ly throws off extremely small particles. Long u]f" -I. J. Thomson show- ed that these particles produce jtu'lu'As on a photographic film and can be deflected by a magr- uet. Though infinitesimal in size, they ran affect our olfactory or- Some Do, Some Don't Science Seeks Answer Working hand in hand with the f tghtinur forces of Canada and of the rest of the Empire are the scien- tists of the -National Research Council of Ottawa. Already they have made numerous highly important con- tributions to the war effort, both in the industrial field and in the armed forces. In this photo one of the research workers is shown as he subjects steel helmets to special tests. One has been penetrated T)y a bullet and the other has resisted it. The scientist is trying to find out why. THE WAR-WEE K Commentary on Current Events U. S. S. R. PROMISES AID IF TURKEY IS ATTACKED Last week M spring opened th door on what might well be th decislv* phase of the conflict be- tween Britalm and Germany, tu Battle at Britain out of which has frown the Battle of the Atlantic was etUl the main engagement of the war. But events In the Medi- terranean basin were receiving much more of the world's attention. There, the British conquest of It- aly's African Km;. ire, all but com- plete, was beginning to be chal- lenged by large forces of German mechanized troop* In western Lib- ya; and the Battle of the Balkans was fast approaching the "shoot- ing" stage. Yugoslav Crisis The capitulation to tha Axis of Yugoslavia's head men precipitat- ed a number of new crises: in Yugoslavia Itself, where open re- volt and 'civil war threatened; In Greece, where the Allle<l-Grek military command, had swiftly to revise their plan of defence to em- embrace a much wider front; In Turkey, where the country's lead- ens saw her Independence menaced from ret another angle; and in Russia, where German penetration of the Balkans had long been view- ed with growing auilety. Russia Assures Neutrality The Soviet Union reacted to thU situation by reaffirming friendship wttlh Turkey and assuring Russian neutrality should Turkey resist a Gtorman attack on herself. Ths agreement did not promise neutral- ity If Turkey should strike at Ger- man/ In the event of a Nazi move against Greece. On ths contrary It stated that "in the event that Tur- key should be tha object of aggree- a Ion and she found herself obliged to enter war for the defence of net territory, Turkey could then. In conformity with the non-aggression pact existing between herself and the r. S. S. ft , rely on the full comprehension and neutrality of the U. S. S. R." Tuls was sensational news. The entering Into of tills pact with Tur- key constituted the first concrete step the Soviet Union had taken to Influence the course of ths war sine* the German-Russian agree- ment of August, 1939. This latest act barred further Nazi penetra- tion southeast, along the TJ. S. 3. R's western bordera. (It also was reliably confirmed that Russia had halted shipment of all supplies of oil to Germany since March 1). Bad For Germany 'Writing on the significance of the new Soviet assurance to Turkey Canadian military analyst W. R. Plewman said: 'The dlopatcb.es suggest that Russia will glr ma- terial help to Turkey much as the U. S. Is giving material help to Britain. Some war supplies prol>- GuecU in Wartime Britain Come and Bring Their Own Hostesses in wartime Britain need no longer worry about their friends' food fads. When week-end guest* arrive, they frequently bring their rations along with them. ably are moving from Russia to Turkey, and It would be logical for the movement to develop gradually to a large scale . . . Russia Is mov- ing her troops and warships west- ward as quietly as possible, but perhaps with little idea of offens- ive action . . . It remains to be seen whether Stalin will neglect his op- portunities until Hitler 1s ready to strike. His military advisers should tell him the truth that until Ger- any has fought it out with Britain, Hitler won't have sufficient gaso- line and grease to permit large mechanized forces to drive far into Russia and that Hitler really to staging a gigantic bluff to keep Russia quiet. The Russian armies possess a vast nu-- n rical superior- ity over the German armies and it Is Impossible for the German forces to guard every vital point that the Russians could menace. The Sov- iet air force could work havoc to German cities; Russian cities are so remote they would be compar- atively fre from attack. Were Rus- sia to make common cause with the Greek, British and Turkish armies, the defeat of Germany within a year would be a near certainty." Whatever purposes were behind th* Soviet pledge of aid to Tur- key, they portended ill for Nazi Germany. Even the U. 8. State De- partment heartily applauded Rus- sia's attitude. "Bridge of Ships" President Roosevelt's biggest headache, once the first financial appropriations under the Lease- Lend bill had been approved by the Senate, appeared last week to be: how the U. S. was to assure delivery of American aid to Bri- tain. Everything obviously depend- ed upou maintenance of the "bridge of ships" across the At- lantic. (Hearteniogly enough last's week's British shipping losses were away down). A move to lend more destroyers to Britain was expected hourly; and large-scale plans were being laid for the repair of Bri- tain's naval and merchant shipping in United States yards. Use of American warships in British con- voys was contemplated, but not plnnned until a more critical stage of U. S.-Gorman relations should i>.< reached. Very encouraging news for Bri- tain came out of the U. S. last weeik with the report, reliably eon- firmed, that 15,000 bomber and fighter planes would be ready to go across the ocean to join the war by. July. By the end of 1941, It was said, American production would bring Britain's air fighting strength up level with Germany's. Japan Reconnoitre* Japanese Foreign Minister Mat- suoka's sojourns in Moscow, Rome, Berlin, were last week not yet com- plete. His parleye with tha Axis rlilofd were the subject of much speculation since no Information about them was forthcoming but it was generally thought that Mr. Matsuoka had rome to Europe to sen for himself whether the Axis partners were in position to make good their claim that they can ' nullify American aid for Bri- tain and knock the latter out. His findings would without doubt strongly ' r luenc the decision of his government as to whether Ja- pan is to weave a tortuous course of non-belligerency or throw cau- tion to the -winds and join In the attack on the Anglo-Allies. One of Japan's greatest fears of course li that Soviet Russia might attack her In the north (by air, sea and Land) when she's busy In the south, and what the Japanese government desires perhaps above all else at the moment Is a Russo-Japanese non^aggression pact. * * $2,600,000,000 This Year Canada will spend $2,600,000,0 over the next twelve months on her own war effort and financial aid to Britain $850,000,000 more than was estimated late In Feb- ruary Premier King told Parlia- ment last week. The Prime Min- ister declared that this sum, to be spent In a mighty drive of men, money and materials, represented 44 per cent of the whole national income of Canada. On a comparative basis, the premier estimated, this financial assistance to Britain for Canadian puchases would equal an expendi- ture of |15 billions by the United States more than twice the Wash- ington appropriation for land-lease purposes. Following Premier King, Fin- ance Minister Ilsley announced federal taxes of $1,000,000,000 for the fiscal year beginning April 1 which represented an additional $100,000,000 in revenue to b* .io:ight from Canadians by the Do- minion government next year. A billion dollars, he said, would bar* to b* borrowed next year to cover direct war outlay and non-war ex- penditures including financing of the new federal wheat policy. Unpopular Wheat Policy Western members of the House of Commons last week were urg- ing that they be given an opportun- ity to debate the government's new wheat policy which provides: a limit of 230,000,000 bushels to Wheat Board purchases of the 1941 crop; a continuation of th* pre- sent 70c a bushel minimum price; basing of delivery quotas on 05 per cent of the 1940 wheat acreage (which means acreage reduction); and payment of bonuses for sum- merfallowing and seeding to coarse grains and grasses. Agriculture Minister MacMlllan of Alberta had Issued a statement saying that this policy was "highly unsatisfactory and Inadequate" and that It would be Impossible of acceptance by the Western wheat farmers unless drastic modifications were made. Fanners of the prairie provinces, ha contended, should be placed la a position of equality with other classes of Canadian citizens In tha war effort and not forced to live on an "Income on the verge of poverty." The Book Shell "H. M. PULHAM, ESQUIRE" By J. P. Marquand "H. M. Pulham, Esquire" la th* story of * man whose lite Is shap- ed by bin surroundings In a mould formed by home, school, society, o/eu hiisinrss influences of his day, smooth-fitting, comfortable, un- breakable. (Many men and womea live In such moulds more often than not without realizing It tor It U the unique quality of snoli a mould that one to not conscious of its existence until It chafes). Mr. Pulham, on the occasion of th* twenty^flfth reunion of his college class, becomes aware of what ha has been missing throughout his narrow, circumscribed life. He real- izes his Ideas have not moved with the times *e is trying to measure today's problems with yesterday's yardstick but alas it Is too late and too comfortable to change. Men who read this book will find themselves stopping to compare Harry Pulham's life with their owa and women will find themselves wondering how well they know their own men. "H. M. Pulham, Esquire" ... by J. P. Marquand . . . Toronto: McClelland and Stewart, Publish- ers . . . $3.00. VOICE Of T H C PRESS Pigs are the only farm animals which can be fed on a diet of all food waste. LIBYAN NURSERY RHYMK Mussolinl-miny-mo Oaught a lion by th* toe. Warm you'd love to let him go, Teny weeny Benttol Toronto Saturday Night THE GREATEST FEAR The biggest drawback to farm organisation Is th* fear of political entanglements and the suspicion that the leaders are working their way up to a soft, cushy Job. Farmer's Advocate. WAR STYLES Dr. Stapletord, the director of voluntary services, says that tfce time will come when it will be "patriotic" to wear an old salt or drive* an old car. That's comforting for all the people who are already obliged to do so. Brockvllle Recorder and Times. BEST ADVICE The Ontario Departments of Ag- riculture, Education and Labor have collaborated In the produc- tion of a booklet of "Farm Maxims and Slogans" for the use of st- dnts registering for farm serrto*, and probably the best advlc* given in It Is this: "Never trust a bull" Brockvllle Recorder and Times. Europe's tallest structure Is the Eiffel Tower, in Paris. LIFE'S LIKE THAT By Fred Neher "What part of my bill make* you sick . . . the part you paid the balance?" REG'LAR FELLERS That'. Different By GENE BYRNES fc-W- \ /PUD AN 1 rVWER IN A STREET > CAR AM* VW ' FOUND A OME f ON THE FLOOR.', V/EU.,1 POUND OUT X HAD A MOLE IN MY POCKET A*'