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r k t4 i '%%U$ ^(^tJt/^S WHOLE TRADE OF ORIENT IS SLOWLY STRANGLING Commentary on th« HigM-hU of the Week'* Newi . . by Peter Randal HELl-.. > 11AM »: Many of the heafky Ocn.ian Bholls fiicil by Spanish UlBiiiKPii' rnlUicrs into Loyalist ranki ftir past f.w wcuks did not oxplodo. ;hcy did r.o damaRp. killed no om', ecauso l'">y had boen liTcd with saw- luRt hj* t-T'Tiitlon w'lrkfTH in the Oer- )an far rlos where they wore made, tot bei' â- â-  allowed under tlie Nazi re- gime to r y a word or perform any Act of s;, ni-iatliy towards the Spanish LoynlistH. thiao factory workers found an Indirect but marvellously effective way to a<d theti* fellowmen In another •ountry. • • • • RAY oK HOPE; An alltlnio record Cor moisture di;ring the month of Feb- ruary has been achieved on the Re- ena plains. The heavy snowfall did The dry southwest areaa of Sas- katchewan the past week were blank- eted In u welcome coat of white, In some places twelve to eighteen Inches d»ep. (;r<)p prospects have brlKhtened Tery considerahly, especially since this preiipltation of snow follows np- on the heavy rains of last autumn. Chances for a good crop are better than they have been for many a long year. I/ct us hope the West will get a break In 1938. • • • • CUTTING OIT ONE'S NOSE? It \M difiiiult to unilorstand just why Great Hrltaiu .» inovlns toward mak- ing a loan of large Bun)s of money to Mussolini, llalys financial position has been very shaky for the past year. Without sub.slaullal aid from an out- aide power, the Fascist resime might Tery well face collapse. If Uritain now extends a loan, Murb- oUnis hand will be strengthened for further depredations In the east; she •^rlll be In a position to Hnaiice another "Tolunteer" army ex|)edltion Into Spain. Italy will be more powerful than ever In the Mediterranean. But that is what Britain In the long fun does not want, because the Medi- terranean Is her •'lifeline" to the Near last :itid India. • • • • PKUMANENT CAK MARKERS: A. plan has been presented to the To- ronto Hoard of Police C'onnnissloners proposing that permanent license plates replace the present yearly niarker.s ou Ontario cars. It is sug- gested that larger plates be used, five IncheH by Ki for the front and 12 i 14 for the rear. These would be weld- ed to the body of the car and colored iUckors attached to windshiolds would indicati! that the yearly fee had been paid. Sounds grand. If we had the same plates year after year, niayho we could remember our license number. • • * • RRAVE WOMAN: Islibel Ma(I>on- aid. daughter o: the late Hrltish Prime Minister llamsay MacOfuiald, is n( i a snob. Neither is she a coward. This former hostess at No. 10 Downing Sliopt, London, last week disclosed her plans to marry the village "han- dyman" of Speen, Iluckinghamshirc. A former house painter, electrician's helper, dl'ahdiggcr. drum-player In the village band. Mias MacDonald'a (lanco has been a regular customer at the "Old Plow." an iun which she operates. Miss MacUonald does not allow worry over "what people will say" to stand between her and happiness. • • • • PRISON PINDINOS: Shortly to be presented to Parliament at Ollawa is the report of the Royal Commission on penitentiaries, a tabulation of find- ings made dining a thorough inves- tigation of Caniida'a prison system. It Is expected there will be some "eye- openers" on how the penal situation is administered, and a number of very delinlte recommendations for reform. The report should indeed be valu- able, since the Commission took care to hoar the evidence In private of every convict who wished to speak. A study has been made of how the â- 'detention and reformation", which the present law calls for, liaK been car- ied out. « • * • PAGING DOBBIN: Next time, he swears, he'll take the horse. A farmer a couple of miles from London the other day set off for town driving bis '38 model sedan. The road wa.s hor- ribly icy. He kept her under 25, but before he had gone half a mile, the car slid quietly into the ditch. The neighbor's team did some hefty pull- ing, negotiated the sedan back onto the road again. This time, our man kept her under 20. Hut In spite of his careful manipulatine of the controls, the car turned right around and faced east Instead of we»t. Annoyed beyond words (do you blame him?) our far- mer refused to fight fate any further. He continued east, arrived without event In his own yard a few minutPS later, and locked away the car. LISTEN.. UPk 'CANADA-1938/1 I lUDtDIAI TOBACCO'S ' ^^ IMPERIAL TOBACCO'S INSPIRING PROGRAM EVERY FRIDAY NIGHT On a National Coaet to Coast Network Mussolini Finds Empire Costly African Developnient Appears to Have Absorbed More Than A Billion Dollars Paris Replaces Chestnut Trees With Hardier Varieties, Such As Plane Trees and Sophora â€" Gas Fumes Killed Some. Empire liullrtlng In Italian East Af- ricaâ€"Including Ethiopia and Italian gomalllaudâ€" has cost the government nearly 39,000,000,900 lire (about |1,- 678,000,000) since the beginning of the Italo-Kthlopian war, according to sta- tistics published In the newspaper Popolo Dl Romn. Italy has expended the following sums in Kast Afilca In the last three i complete fiscal years: 1934-35â€" 985,000.000 lire. 1936-36-1 1,1 3(;,000,000 lire. 1936-37-17,519,000,000 lire. Another indication of the large ex- penses required In coloiilratlon was •een lu the growing budget deflelU •Ince 1930, the article said. The flscal year of 1930-31 revealed a deficit of «nlr 504,000.000 lire. Deficits for the last two flscal years toUow : 1936-36 -12,«86,000,000 lira. lM*-t7â€" 16,230,000,000 lire. Theeo figures include the deficit of Mie Italian railways. AHI Automobile exhausts are continuing their work of destruction to Paris trees, and It will cost the city park department 1,720,000 francs for re- placement of dead or dying trees dur- ing 1938. One of the main atlraelious of the city has always been the number of streets lined with trees, and the city government is attempting to maintain the tradition by substituting hardier varieties for the traditional elms and horse-chesluuts. Several years ago It was necessary to replace the chest- nuts on the upper halt of the Champs Elysees with plane trees. Ti â- .<i are doing well, and the same plan i.i belug followed with other streets. At the same time, experiments have been carried on with a gimit variety of trees. Tar Emanations Harmful One liter of gasoline of the type used by cars In France produces 500 liters of oxide of carbon. This Is In- J'lrious to most trees, and Is the prin- cipal cause of the fllfficiilty. It has also been found tha emanations from the tar and asphalt used on the i)ave- ments are harmful to vegetation Iti Summer. According lo this year's paj k pro- gram the chestnuts on the Hue (!aulaiucourt will be reiilaeed with the sophora, a tree that has been found to be spticlally strong. The I'lms of the Boulevard du Palais will he replaced b/ plane trees, as will those on the Avenue de Maine, the .Avenue d'ltalle. Avenue de Clichy and Ave- nue de SalntOuon. Ontario Planning Fish Hatcheries TORONTO.â€" It was reported un- officially at Queen's Park last week that con,itruction of four new fish hatcheries with rearing ponds, at an estimated cost of $r20,()()0, U pro- vided for in estimates of the Ontario Department of Game and Fisheries to be recommended for inclusion in the budget at the forthcoming .ses- sion of the Provincial Legislature. It was understood the hatcheries will be located at New liskeard, Peterborough, on Manitoulin Islari I and in Muskoka. Trout and other varieties of game fish raised in the new plants will be used primarily to stock lakes in the surrounding dis- tricts. 8- Ruin For All Business Seen In .Tapanese Vi'-tory by Chinese Envoy â€" Door to Western World Would be Closed. N') highly organized nation In the Occident can hope to escape from the evil results of the desecration of China, decljired W. C. Mu, special en- voy of the Chinese Ooveinment who spoke last week In Toronto. ''A number of woll-meanlng, fear- stricken pacifists can trace their busi- ness losses back to hint July when the .Tapaneso were allowed to invado fh'nn. Business coiidlllona slowed down even more when the .lapaneso Invested Shanghai on Aug. 13," ho said. "How on eartli can the Western nations hope to have a peaceful, pros- perous condition of things while the whole trade and commerce of the Or- ient Is being slowly strnnpled by the war machine of one nation? And be- lieve mo when I say it Is affecting the whole of the East. To Close Door "It Japan wins this war she will close China to all other couitrles ex- cept those who are able and willing to pay heavy tolls. Long before that day arrives Japan will be bankrupt and slowly sinking in her own mire but she will have dragged down China and a large portion of the com- mercial world with her." The Chinese nation had every con- fidence General Chiang Kai-shek would be able to hold Japan In a death grip until the conlllct could be brought to an effective conclusion. A new army of 1,500,000 men was taking form In the Interior of China. This would In all probability be attgmented by units from other nations within a very short time. "Fighting Own Battles'' Notwithstanding reports from Jap- iniese sources, Mr. Liu asserted China had received no assistance from fore- ii;n troops. 'So far we have been fighting our own battles," he said. The .Soviet air- craft were purchased in the same way as the airplanes from the United States but no fighting pilots had been supplied. News In Review Civilians Killed In Air Raids HANKOW.â€" Word that more than 200 civilians. Including several for- eigners, were killed by Japanese air raiders at Chengchow cast a pall this week over elation raised In Chinese Qovernment circles by reports of Chinese successes along the northern part of the TIentsin-Pukow Railway. Trade Pact Negotiations OTT.VWA. -Important negotiations which concern the modification of the trade agreement between Canada and the United Kingdom are In progress now. They are antecedent to the negotiations for a revised treaty be- tween Canada and the United States because! the negotiations for an Anglo- Atnerlcan pact are ahead of what Ot- tawa and Washington are figuring on between themselves. Austria's Nazification VIENNA.â€" Fuehrer Adolf Hitler of Germany, backing up an ultimatum with strong military forces along Aus- tria's northern frontier, last week forced Chancellor Knrt Schuschnigg to place Ave Austrian Nazis or Nazi sympathizers in his Cabinet. Schuschnigg, long a bitter foe of Nazi pcMiel ration Into Austria, where the Nazi Parly has been outlawed sincn June, 1933, announced his capi- tulation and submitted his new Cab- inet list to President Wllhelm Mtklas after IHtler'8 throe-day ultimatum ex- pired. Rearmament Program Increased LONDON. -flreat Britain this week ended the first year of a £1,500,000,000 ($7,500,000,000 five-year rearmament program and planned a heavy increase In defense expendilurcH in the second year. During the IS37-38 fisral year, Brit- When Ice Cream Was First Made In the Seventeenth Century â€" Italians Claim Its Dis- covery Then one day In a cafe In Palermo tho wonder was effected, says the Irish Independent. A young apprcn- tic(! who saw the Ineffectual attempts (if his clients to keep cool tried his hand at a nuxturc of treacle and tee. The result was rather good. In fact it was a considerable improvement on anything hitherto devised. So the ap- prentice followed up his experiments. Ho made a wooden box with a double bottom. In the lower department he I I. iced a quantity of crushed ice and filled the other with cream, when lo! the original Ice cream. It Is not sur- prising that the apprentice who had the genius to discover Ice cream had also the sense to realize the poasibil- Itles of his discovery. When he had made sufiicient money In Palermo to enable blm to start on a large way he established In Paris. It was the be- ginning of an Italian peaceful pene- tration that has lasted to the present day. The English claim they had dis- covered it before tliis time. It was in 16C0 the apprentice from Palermo op- ened his shop, and it is claimed that Charles I had already treated guests to ices at a banquet. Charles seems to have been very proud of this deli- cacy; for it is on record that he gave his chef $100 yearly pension to keep the method of production a secret. ain has spent £209.730,000 ($1,348,- C!)5,000). Sir Thomas Inskip, Minister for De- fense Co-'.rdination, said the 1938-39 figures would bo between £325,000,000 ($1,025,000,000) and £350,000,000 ($1,- 750,000,000). Against "Mixed Marriage" VATICAN CITY.â€" Referring directly to the prospective marriage between King Zoz I of Albania and Countess Geraldino Apponyi of Hungary, the Vatican organ, Osservatore Romano, this week gave voice to the Catholic Church's objection to ."mixed mar- riages". Osservatore recalled that ordinarily such a marriage is regarded as void when it involves a union between a Catholic and a person who has not been baptized. Disturbed By Japs LONE>ON, Eng.â€" The Earl of Ply- mouth, Under-Secretary for Foreign Affairs, told the House of Lords last week-end the Government Is closely watching the problem of International trade on the Yangtse River In China, as well as the future of the Chinese Customs Administration. Ivord Plymouth termed "very dis- turbing" the announcement by Japan- ese authorities In Shanghai that they would not respect even foreign obliga- tions secured by the customs. Killed In Manoeuvres PRAIIA, Czechoslovakia. â€" Four fliers were killed this week when two Czechoslovaklan army planes collid- ed and crashed during manoeuvres near Milovlce. Two Murderessee NEWARK. N.J.â€" Mrs. Ethel Strouse Sohl, policeman's daughter, and Gene- vieve Owens, her companion In a }2.10 holdup during which a bus driver was slain, were convicted of first-degree murder by an all-male Jury which recommended mercy. Denies Hie Letter Provocative MOSCOW.â€" Joseph Stalin's widely published letter appealing to the work- ers of the world to unite behind the Soviet Union If It Is atte.rked must be read as a document of domestic, rath- er than International, Importance, au- Ihorltatlve Soviet sources declared this week. They warned that to Interpret the message In any other way would In- evitably lead to Inaccuracy and exag- geration. VOICE CANADA : THE EMPIRE THE WORLD AT LARGE of the PRESS CANADA They Do It Over There While Boards of Edi;cation on this continent aro hesitating about the use of radio broadcasts in schools, there are more than 7,000 schools In Eng- land receiving lessons via the ether waves. â€" St. Thomas Times-Journal. Hit Wrong Man Marshal von Blombcrg, German Minister of War, has resigned and ijeparted on a honeymoon with a young lady of whom tho army officers did not approve. Now why couldn't that have happened to Chancellor Hitler, instead? â€" Woodstock Sentlnel- Rovlew. Children Won't Applaud A prominent headmaster In South Africa is strongly advocating a six- day school week. He says that the gap from Friday afternoon to Mon- day morning is too long, but he needn't expect any applause from tho ranks of Juvenile Canada. â€" Brantford Expositor. Radio In The Family Broadcasters should ever bear In mlnS that they are not talking to sophisticated adult audiences, as In the theatre, but that what they say goes Into homes where there are young boys and girls. What gets by In a theatre, where there has been undue laxity of recent years. Is utter- ly out of place In the midst of a fam- ily. Radio has been slipping In this respect for some time, one of the most frequent offenders being a high- priced comedian whose tiresome per- sonal allusions are sometimes In very questionable taste. Radio Is family entertainment, and should be kept as clean as family life Itself. -Stratford Beacon-Herald. THE EMPIRE The Township Clerk Nominating candidates for the post of "forgotten man" Is a not uncom- mon occupation these days and one hesitates to suggest additional nom- inees. Isn't It just possible, however, that, whoever else may be entitled to the designation, the municipal clerk Is In line for such recognition? And now at a lime when all over the district, municipal clerks are tak- ing up their duties for the year, it might be opportune to stop and think what that work means. Clerks are Important officers la cit- ies and towns but especially In the rural municipalities the work of the clerk Is almost all-embracing. Town- ship councils get In tho habit of rely- ing on the clerks in many ways and year by year, as new regulations are |)ut Into force by the government, the scope of their duties increases. â€" Sault Ste. Marie Star. Americans Trip Maroons for Hockey Victory VrTifjfctfii'iiilfita 'â- ^tM^ifft'iiilM fiiti-ir <â-  -iilfc III'*' .Swi^eney Siliiii.er, ."".o. 11, ef the New York Ameiioans, skates past the net of the Montreal Maroons, having shot a goat past Bill Beveridge, who attempts to save. (Note bulge in nst, as puck rAounds from fore* of shot). The Perfect Egg • Canada claims to have produced, af- ter years of research and experiment, what is from the point of view of .the consumer in England the perfect im- ported egg. The first consignment of these eggs has just arrived in London â€" 750 dozen â€" and they will be .dis- tributed to experts In various parts of the country, from whom opinions will be gathered. The housing and feeding of the poultry have been min- utely watched, the eggs have b6en graded and tested, they have been sent over in special chambers kept 'at a fixed temperature and watched t)y vigilant C.P.R. officials, and they asa being handled on this side with all the care usually bestowed on tha most precious cargoes. â€" Irish Inde- pendent. Cast-off "Charity" The self-comforting but specious opinion that anything Is good enough for charity is apparently more widely held than the large number of genuine givers who make real sacrifices woul4 lead one to believe. It seems there are far too many people who are iu- clined to look upon charitable Institu- tions as a convenient dustbin In which cast-off clothing and other oddments no longer fit for human human use can be deposited with a minimum of trouble â€" thus obtaining for the giver's a fictitious glow of godliness and at the same time saving them the bother of burning the articles at home. Fon that, it appears. Is what the charitable •nstitutlons have to do with the rub-' blsh. After all, charity may cover a multitude of sins, but it must cover ' something. Blankets that are but shreds of their former selves, gloves ' without fingers, hats without crowns, coats that let in the four winds of heaven, and other rags that shame gilded alms, can cover nothing but the recipients' confusion and tho donor's hypocrisy. In such cases the charity that begins at home might well end there. â€" Johannesburg Times. Canada's Best 1937 Customer Dominion's Sales In the United , States Top All Other Nations', For The Past Year. Canada sold more goods to the Unit- ed States than any other country dur- ing the year 1937, the II. S. Commerce Department announced last week at Washington. At the same time, the Dominion was the second largest customer of the United States, with the United King- dom occupying first place as purchas- er. Japan was the United States' third ranking customer, followed by France Qermany and Mexico. The United Kingdom, now negotiat- ing a trade agreement with the United States, bought $635,000,000 worth of merchandise In 1937, out of total Unit- ed States shipments to the world of ?3,345,158.000. Britain Buys More The British purchases were 21 per cent more than in 1936. Canada negotiating a new trade agreement. Increased its buying iu the U.S. 33 per cent to »510,000,Oo6. Japan which bought cotton and other goods there iu large quantities until a few monthn ago, bought $888,000,000, that was $14,000,000 more than the United States bought from Japan. Britain and Canada also bought a great deal more from the United States than they sold. Canada's sales in that country totalled $399,000,000 In 1937. an increase of six per cent over 1936. It is possible to see only about 2,000 stars at any one time with the naked eye, and only persons with keen eyesight can see this number. 400 students occupied a cafe at Lille, France, for 7 hours and drank only one half-pint of beer. They were staking a protest against being forbidden to make a processioa. I