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f LONE-SCOUTS Latest in Gaa Mcsks wo think was exceedingly good work, as we have seen quite a few beaches ' recently that could very well benefit j by a similar "Good Turn." Lone Scout visitors to Provincial Headquarters in Toronto recently have Included Dill Gilbert, of Essex, anlj Jack HuBsott, of Llstowcl, and Harold i Nlckle of Harrlston was in Toronto a short tlino ago, but ho did not pay us a visit. Lonles who come to Toronto for any reason are always welcome visitors to Scout Headquarters, so we | hopo you won't forget to pay us a call. This week's Summer Time Profici- ency Badge is the Angler's Badge. The' requirements are as follows: We are pleased that as a result of the publicity given to Lone Scouting through these columns many new members have Joined tho movement during the past few weeks. This week applications for membership havo been received from Cobdeu, Hy- dro, Burkes Falls and Harrlston, and at Durham there is every prospect of a full Patrol being formed. A recent check up of the records of the Ontario Lone Scout Department showed that since Its inception two years ago about 460 boys havo been admitted to membership in the move- ment. Of course qulto a few of these have been since transferred to re- gular troops which havo been formed aa a result of Lono Scout activity. The Lonles at Fenelon Falls under Senior Patrol Leader Doug. Warren have had a very busy time Just recent- ly. On July 4th they had the pleasure of again meeting their friends of the 61st Toronto Troop, who camped near exceed seven ounces in weight; In the town. The Lonles helped the Toronto Scouts to make camp, and en- tered Ito their activities with zest. Later the Lono Scouts were luvited to visit the camp of tho 90th Toronto Troop at Sandy Point, on Sturgeon Lake. They hiked over to the camp on July Sth, and to their surprise met an old friend who turned out to be none other than "Cookie" ("Colonel" Walton), who was so popular at the Lone Scout Camp at Kbor Park last summer. The Lonles stayed over night with the 90th, and entered Into their programme enthusiastically, hav- ing a great time at the evening coun- cil fire. We like to see this fraternization be- tween the Lonles and their city broth- ers, and we are pleased to state that quite a few members of the Lone Scouts have gone to camp this year with regular troops, at the latter's In- vitation. Seven Women Fliers to Compete In British Air Classic Throe charming young ladles are exhibiting the latest typos of gas masks at the Society of Chemical Industries exhibition held In Westminster, England. The exhibition displayed many of the latest marvels of science. catch and name seven different spe- cies of fish. At least one specimen must be taken by fly-casting or troll- Ing and one by bait-carting. In single handed fly-casting the rod must not double handed fly-casting the rod may be one ounce weight for each foot In length; In bait fishing the rod must not exceed ten feet In length nor twelve ounces In weight. 1 creatures up to the scale of frcgs and I mice, or are carrion feeders, or prey i on smaller birds or on fish. But if we i could take statistics on the food of ! all birds, we should find that insects j headed the list. Now insects are in the great ma- 1 jority vegetable feeders. So that in | regard to what we may call biological trade the complicated circulation of matter through lifeless forms in earth, water, and -'ir, through green 2. Show pronclency In accurate sin- ! P lants ' anlma ' Mle3 ' an<1 "'">? gle-handed casting with the fly for dls- j Avengers like mou.*, and bacteria, tances of 20. 40 and DO feet, or in bait and ^"L" 1 .* j'^f.' 3 a S a ' n -J castlng for distance of 40. 60 and 70 | the net eff< * t of *" d * 1S to be a checl j upon insects in their consumption of Grasshoppers Still Invade Nebraska Country Left Barren in Wake of Hordes Despite Des- perate Offensive Buffalo, Neb.--Wooden fenca posts, wagon tongues, even clothing hung out to dry, were quickly devoured by the gray-yellow horde. Anything containing vegetable fibre attracts tlu hungry grasshoppers. London. Forty-two competitors, including seven women, are ready to start in the 1,000 mile race for the King's cup, British air race classic. The field includes the first Canadian in the event, John C. Webster, of Mon- tieal, flying a Canadian machine. A daughter's challenge to her 'father is one of the features of the race. Capt. The Hon. Frederick G. Guest and his daughter, Miss Diana Guest wih fly moth planes, having together 28 minutes and nine seconds after the first starters. No 'jne would be surprised if the trophy remained in feminine hands for another year. Miss Winnifrcd Brown, who last year was the first woman to capture the trophy, is heav- ily handicapped, however, leaving an hour, 17 minutes and five seco&d after the first machines. Lady Bailey, famous for her long distance flights, is most heavily handi- capped of the women entrant*, being scheduled to start an hour, 52 minutei and 27 seconds after the first ma- chines which take off from Heston airdrome at 6 a.m. Miss F. J. Cross- ley, daughter of a motor car manu- facturer, in a plane piloted by flying officer H. S. Deach, a member of the Royal Air Force speed flight, takes off with the first group. The scratch competitor is Flight- Lieut. C. B. Winchott, whose plan is capable of a speed of 150 miles an hour. He starts two hours, 33 min- utes and 13 seconds behind the fir.H planes. '^Make three artificial flies (either i * n P lan ' 3 and th */. r P r ducts ' aftor three standard patterns or In I thl wa * thev are allles of man ' Imitation of different natural flies).! Water Replaces Steam in New British Engine Tradition of 300 Years Upset by Invention Using Liquid Working Substance London. A new kind of engine that uses liquid water instead of steam, discards boilers and condensers, de- i velops more power In less space than A?thouKh7. 1 rm^ssaid several mil- j ? rdl " ar > r , steam an ? * as e " B ' ne *' wlt * freedom from explosion hazards and In So birds have a place in we are mechanizing life, we should see that a place is kept for . Make a neat single gut leader at least I four feet long, or a twisted or braided i , leader at least three feet long. Splice 1 them - for our delectation and that of the broken Joint of a rod neatly. j our Posterity. 4. Give the open season for the ; gamo fishes in his vicinity, and explain ' New Letters Patent how and why they are protected by the law. Applications for membership In the' Lone Scouts will be received from boys ' between the ages of 12 and IS inclu For Governor-General Ottawa. New letters patent con- stituting the office of Governor-Gen- eral of Canada have been issued by sive. who cannot becomo members of ' Kln & ( ' eor * e v - lo * elhc ' wlth new Tho melon Falls Lone Scouts also a regular Troop, for reason of locality report a rather unique "Good Turn" which might be copied by other Lonies or other handicap. Applications who live along tho lake shore. They recently assisted tho local town auth-jtion, 330 Hay critics to clean up the beach, which j "Lono K." should ho sent to the Louo Scout De- partment, The Doys Scouts Assocla- Streot, Toronto, 2. it brings the further disadvan.age In its train that it prevents an animal from having a constant temperature year. Birds Necessary To Human Welfare JULIAN S. HUXLEY Eminent English biologist and writer. To watcii birds is delightful enough ' all leaks away in no time. in itself; but most people like a back- So insects are not onl structlons for tho guidance of the conduct of the Governor-General. Tho last time letters patent were issued was in 1905 by King Edward VII. In lions of the grasshoppers had been killed, additional swarms are expect- ed when eggs .low infesting the ground have incubated. Fires in which bodies of the slain insects were being burned dotted the plains tonight. In- troduction of poison as a weapon re- sulted in the death of thousands of the insects. At some points the bodies of tha grasshoppers were piled high on the rails, impeding trains. At others they made the ground slippery beneath the tires of automobile*. Some of thc farmers, their crops destroyed, raised money by packing j the dead grasshoppers in preserva- ' lives and selling them to fishermen for bait at 20 cenU a pound. heat wastes, will shortly be offered for experimental commercial use here. It is the Invention of J. F. J. Malone, ens':ieer, of Nuwcastle-on-Tyne, who has experimented with the novel water engine for several years. The det.-.ils of Its operaf . have Just been revealed. Since steam and other engines have been worked always by the expansion of gases of one kind or another for some 300 years, this new kind of prime mover that is operated by expansion of liquid instead of expansion of gases has created much Interest in engineer- ing circles. Water Stays Liquid Both tho new water engine and con- Scientist Explains New Discovery New Germ Isolation Process May Aid in Devising Cures Chicago. A mild-mannered little man, described for fellow scientists here recently his disease germ discov- ery, expected to have as far-reaching effect on the treatment of human ill* as the processes evolved by the fa- mous Louis Pasteur. The man is Dr. Arnold I. Kendall, professor of bacteriology at the Northwestern University Medical School for the last 20 odd years. His discovery consists of a process of making visible under the microscope bacteria so tiny that research work- ers heretofore have been unable to identify it. "Tht; discovery is as startling the the scientific world as the discoveries of Pasteur," said Dean Irving Cutter, of the Medical School. "Dr. Kendall's accomplishment means that we now stand on the threshold of a great discovery," added Dr. Edward C. Roscnow, eminent bac- teriologist Dr. Kendall has developed what he calls the *'K Medium," a soupy solu- tion in which the invisible bacteria was In 1905 by King Edward VII. In The .; nscct j nvas i O n has devastated ; ventional steam engines use water, tion m which the invisible bacteria general the recent documents bring gar( ].. nSt crops an d f ru jt trees, and j but i nthe case of the steam engine the j now may be isolated. His experiments the office of tho Governor-General Into bcnind t h e j r advance stretches a sere j water must be changed to steam be- 1 are not over despite his years of re- accord with tho recommendations of tho Imperial Conference of 1926, which were adopted by tho Parliaments of the Empire at various date* since that higher than its surroundings, for its bulk is so small in proportion to its Specifically, they remove Government of the United from the- Kingdom surface that the heat generated by thc j tn las t vestiges of control exercised chemical combustion in its muscles i by that Government over the appoint- ment of a Governor-General to Can- So insects are not only smull, but o smu ground against which they can set the whole tempo of their lives up and down with the temperature of ada, making it a direct and personal one by His Majesty, acting on the ad- their observations. up am j d own w *j tn tne temperature of vlce r H - M - Government in Canada. These feathered creatures, wht the outer world. They cannot achieve Formerly in denning tho powors and are they in the economy of Nature? t the constancy o'' living possible to BJ authority of the Governor-General, the What is their historv? Hrtur rln thnu u:-j -_ i i _*. _ letters patent directed His Excellency , ...... K ,,_.. , What is their history? How do they .bird or mammal, and are at a great compare with other kinds of living' disadvantage in winter, being put out things? 'horp nrft IWk *thor itnimnla ~t .. _ i __ things? There are no other animals built in at all the same way ns birds. How did they come to evolve into their present condition? The first thing that evolutionary study teaches -. is that birds were not always so different from other creatures as thty are today. The fow fossil birds known from the Cretaceous age, 70 or 80 million years back, all had teeth, like any lizard. When we reach the Jurassic period, near twice as long ago, the only two spc'cii tr.s of biids so far found we"<> so unlike any ordinary bird in thair construction that, if it were not for the lucky accident of their havi'i;' been embedded in such fine mud that the imprint of their feathers Is still preserved to us, w<> should have been in doubt as to whether they wc'c birds at all. They might have been ngilo reptiles, for thoy were toothed, had long jointed tail bones, and big claws on their fore limbs. Dirds, in fact, are an offshoot from one kind of very active reptile, prob- ably related to Rome of the smaller dinosaurs. They became birds through the evolution of feathers out of scales, which first, by acting as a heat-re- taining blanket, allowed their temper- ature to be kept at a high level, and, secondly, made flight possible. There have been three other groups of animals to aciil ;vu true flight: one. the flying insects, nrofe from a wholly different stock; two, from the same back-boned stock to which the birds belong the flying mammals or bats, and tho flying reptiles or pterodactyls, tho latter (ill long extinct. The great advantage which the l.irds had over their -crtcbrnto com- petitors in tho art of flying was that they, possessing feathers, could make a wing of these; while tho sk'nny flig^membrancs of batn nnd ptero- dactyls had to be stretched tnut and so de. nanded attachment to hind v.-cll aa fore limbs. Bats cannot run or hop, nor could pterodactyls; their legs are subordinated to their wingi. Hut birdl kept their legs clear of this entanglement, as the ancestors >( man kept thjir fore limbs clear by run ninu; and 50 birds were free both of tho air and of the earth, having on? pair of limbs for each clement. Insects "are tho equals of birds in this inspect; but they ore inferior in another. They can never grow big. It would take too lung to go into tho roasjn why, hut the net remains; an insect ns big as a swan or even as a thrush i , luckily for us, unthinkable. Small ze is in itself a disadvantage; of action more or less completely tho cold. However, though . o carry out such Instructions "as may fr,.... Hmn ,, limn 1... trlvrkn Vt I m ttn/Inr *u*j birds can grow big in comparison with insects, they are limited in size in comparison with other vertebrates. This comes from tho fact of flight; the laws of nero- ' dynamics make it very inconvenient '(for a flying bird to weigh over 50 pounds, and quite impossible for it to weigh ns much as a horse or oven a loopar'. It is only birds which have. given up flying, like the ostrich or cassowary, which have even begun to grow big according to mammalian standards. The stock size for bird.?, in fact, is from something under an ounce to about 10 or 15 pounds. Birds and mammals developed from two quite distinct reptilian stocks. Birds have kept reptilian-looking scales on their feet, and have stuck to the replies method of reproduction by large-yoked eggs. In some ways, however, the bird branch has cvolv.'d beyond their rivals, the mammals, ap.d in these respects must be regarded .is nt the very tiplor of the tree of li'X Birds have [ho highest temperature, rind therefor. 1 the frrente: t speed of vital chemistry, of nny creatures. The have tho greatest activity, the greatest emotional variety; they show the highest extremes of beauty in cdor and pattern, they hove the mist striking and highly developed court- ship of any group of animals, arid their songs are l>y far the most beau- tiful and elaborate music that the worl.l knew bet'i.re the coming of im-.n. Tho aro tho most mobile of creatures, nnd so ore at a great advantage OV..T every other kind of animal in hiph altUi'do<; for they can breed then- and take advartago of tho riches of the Antic lands and still more of the Arctic ,scns during tho summer, and then migrate to temperate clim- ates. What part do birds play in the! elaborate Hystom of exchanges which i constitutes tho balance of Nature?! Tho great majority of them are cater* ] of other animals. For this they have; stuck to the ancestral predilections of j vertebrates, which were all In origin flesh raters. Tho birds as a whole stuck to a meat diet; but their average size dc-, termined the average size of their! prey. Tho great majority of them aro so moderate In bulk that they can otljr cot small creatures, though they will Include worms and snails and spidorn, will for the most part be in- sects. Some of the larger blrdi eat from time to time bo given him under our sign manual and signet, or by or- . (lor-ln-Privy Council, or by us through one of our principal secretaries of i state." In the new Issue, tho last two references aro eliminated. Tho same dc?letlon occurs In th.; document containing the King's In- structions. An archaism Is removed from tlu'so Instructions havln;; reference to tho grant of pardons, etc., by the Govern- or-General. Previously Ills Excellency had the authority to prescribe banish- ment for political offenders. That obsoloto form of punishment Is done away with by merely deleting tho sen- tence which conveyed that power. Prayer He who prays as he ought will en- deavor to live as he prays. Owen. swath. Damage already is in the millions of dollars. Entymologists said the grasshop- pers soon would sprout wings and in- crease the area of their damage. Un- less checked soon, they will be in con- trol of the entire tier of Northern Ne- braska counties. Fields, green today, may bo splotched tomorrvv. with barren stretches. Another day, and the fer- tile Platte Valley may be barren. 3ity and town dwellers also are the march of the grasi- Gardens and trees are left leaflets. Hungry grasshoppers swam in clus- ters and fall to the ground from tress and telephone . olcs. . Burning of the insects was decided upon when farmers feared their cattle would die after eating the bodies of grasshoppers which had been killed by poison. Rapid heating a .d cooling of the liquid water are necessary In order that the water engine will operate. This was accomplished by Mr. Malone through the development of a novel form of heat transfer within one of the cylinders of the water engine. Other advantages claimed for the engine are: Only a small amornt of water Is needed and this reduces the size of the engine and allows it to be used where water la scarce. It runs and changes speed more noiselessly than conventional engines. It loses less heat thaa other engines and Us outside shell Is cool to the touch. Its mechanism Is simpler and the working parts need be opened for In- spection only once in four years. Thero is no Incessant boiler clean- . - . T \\r ' n B. n water gauges, no risk of short- Harvesting In West nC33 or , oulnoss of WiUer . Early This Yeari The control system is simpler than Winnipeg. Wheat cutting iom- , In the steam engine, munced In the St. Aclolphe district It has no exhaust, as the water Is of Manitoba on July 2:.th, the carl- used over and over, iest, It Is believed, such operations All bearings within th,e engine are havo occurred In Manitoba. cold and lubricated by tho water it- One farmer, resident In Manitoba, self. for 36 years, declared It was "the earliest date for wheat cutting in fore any work can be done. In the | search, he said, and practical use of Malone engine the water stays liquid his discovery is yet to come. He now even under pressures of tons per is hard at work on a paper describ- square Inch created within the engine, j ing his >- K Medium" in detail, o that my two experience, south St. Adolphe of Winnipeg. Is British Star it may be manufactured in laborator- ies other than his own. A small intestine >f a rabbit, dog, swine or man, chemically treated, is the essential ingredient of the solu- tion, he said. He asserted that his experiments in Chicago hospitals ver a period of year: indicated that it could and would isolate the bacteria oi a majority of the malignant dis- er.ses. Isolation of the infinitesimal germs means that such diseases as sleeping sickness, paralysis, influenza, cancer and rheumatism .n.iv be traced t,i their primary causes and that physi- cians hereafter may be able to devise I specific cures "or t.iem. Saskatchewan-Britain Cattle Trade Growing Regii.a. Saskatchewan is shipping 150 head of cattle per week to Great Britain as a result of contracts enter- ed into by the Brit'sh Co-Operative Wholesale Society. During the visit of officials of this society to Regma during the spring it was suggested approximately IOC head be shipped weekly. Officials oi the Government nnd the Saskatchew an Live Stock Pool did not feel thai the province was in a position tc handle this-order, and suggested start- ing with a small shipment and in- creasing it as the pool became sup- plied. As a result it was learn from un- official sources shipments had gnf!v:t to IfiO head per week under tho con- tract. New Cards Invented To Aid Bridge Players Zurich. A new kind of playing cards, according to The N.Y. Times, will soon bo adopted by bridge players all over Europe and America, accord- Ing to Dr. Paul Herrmann of Zurich, an authority on tlio game. Tho cards, made In Austria, lessen the chances of a revoke at contract bridge, a game rapidly becoming moro complicated. Hearts are red, dla- ; w-, -, ., . monds pink, spades black and clubs' rentier Cannibals dark green; tho cards themselves are Demand Classics longer and narrower than those at London Civilization and education present used and are made to fit the,j have wrou g ht such a chanRC - n thc , b ., a , I ?! S : I head-hunting nnd one-time cannib-il j tribes of New Guinea that an urgent , request cnme from that country for | Bunyan's "Pilgrim's Progress" in '.he i Tube-tube language. This is one of I the tongues of a Papuan tribe, and is I tho 123rd language into which thc I Religious Tract Society has translat- ed the famous classic. ! This edition has eight colored illus- trations, and some thousands of vol- i umes have already been dispatched. I On arrival they are made up into suitable-sized packages to go up coun- try on the heads of the native bearers. Dr. Herrmann thinks that bidding by players themselves, in duplicate contract, will rapidly be superseded by the employment of an announcer, thus eliminating all likelihood of Informa- tion being wrongly transmitted by In- flexion of the voice when calling. Efforts nro being made to adopt a moro uniform system, both In tho forms ID which contract bridge Is now i played and In tho methods of scoring, In order that International competi- tions may bo arranged between lead- , ing bridge clubs. 70- Year-Old Man Enters University Edison Fo ' ced T ? "Dunny" Austin, England's ranking Davis Cup tennis plnyor, re- turns a fast one during a set which he won from Sydney Wood of New York. Toronto. A freshman has boon ad- mitted to Queen's University, Kings- ton, for the summer classes, who Is 70 years old. Is an ex mayor and also an ex-member of the Canadian Parlia- ment. Mr. I. R. Podlow of Renfrew, Out., Is Canada's oldest "freshman." j Mr. Podlow's college days will be followed with great Interest, for he lias carved out an honorable and use- Cease Active Work West Orange, N.J. Thomas A. Fdison, inventor, has been force 1 to roa&o ac'.'ve wor!\ at the age of 8-1 Overwork during experiment* iii jToaucing lubber trom the /olden rod plant, on which the aged inventor worked steadily ull winter at Fort Myers, Fla., havo made it necessary for Edison to take a vacation from j ful career for himself, nnd Is now tak- , the laboratory, according to hii I Ing his studies, which usually cornel brother-in-law. . 1m V. Mil'er a va- first, last. I cation that nay presage retirement i