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Norway's Role in Greenland Stretches Far Back in History Tb secret action of a party of Nor- wegian huntera la planting their na- tional flag over a section of Eastern Greenland and claiming th area in the name of their sovereign has raised the question as to the ownership of ' that vast frozen plateau. While ' Greenland Is considered to be Danish territory, It was discovered by Norse- . men and was Norwegian territory in . early days. For 400 years Norway and . Denmark were united, and Greenland was a colony belonging to both. Also, 'Norwegian expeditions have made the section claimed by the hunters a base 4 of operations, and have thus come to look upon it aa theirs by right of occu- pation. The first record of Greenland dates from the beginning of the t nth cen- tury, when the Norwegian Cunnbjorn la reported to have seen a land to the west of Iceland, believed to have been the southern tip of the country. In 932 another Norwegian, Eric the Red (v.hose son, Leif Ericson, is be- lieved to have reached America in 1000), sailed from Iceland, discovprod the land described by Gunnbjorn and spent three years exploring It. Then followed the colonization pe- riod by Norwegians. The settlers es- tablished churches and monasteries, and, until the middle of the thirteenth century, had their own republican government. About 1260 they were In- duced to swear allegiance to the King . of Norway. For centuries the history of Green- , land follows the history of Norway and Denmark. In 1397 these two powers, with Sweden, were united un- der & single King, Erik of Pomeranla. In this union the Norwegians wfre dominated by the Danes, who seized the high administrative posts in the government. At length, after the Na- poleonic wars, In 1814, the union was < solved. Greenland, Iceland and the ! Farces were not mentioned in the dis- ; solution agreement, an dthey were all j kept by Denmark. f In the meantime the relationship be- ; tween the Greenland colonies and their motherland, Norway, had gradually faded away. The last ship known to have visited the old Norse colonies in Greenland returned to Norway In 1410. i With no support from home the colon- ies decayed rapidly, the settlers either beins destroyed by the Eskimos or ab- sorted by intermarriage with them. When John Davis visited Greenland in 1585 there was no sign of any people there except the Eskimos. The west coast of Greenland is -de- signated as Danish Greenland, the eastern part being more under Nor- , weglaa influence. Its trade is a mon- opoly of the Danish Crown, dating ' from 1774, and for purposes of govern- ment and trade the west coast is di- vided into two inspectorates, southern | and northern. Each inspectorate is , divided into districts, these- again com- ! prising about sixty tracing settle- ; ments which dot the coast for a dis- tance of 1,000 miles. These little col- j onles consist of merely a few houses. There are only a few hundred Euro- peans in Greenland, and probably about 12,000 Eskimos. Sunday School Lesson Hat Pins Stage Comeback in Hats Modern Chapeau Perches ' Half on and Half off the Head New York. Hat pins mother will remember them are coming back in the wake of new hat styles. Bobbed hair put hat pins on the rfhelf; bobbed hair and the fact that the long points were invariably Jab- bing people. New millinery is bring- ing them back. The pins will be of junior size: Short and useful for anchoring the new little hats. Coiffures will un- dergo changes, too. Women either will permit their hair to grow or use tricky false curls and even switches. The modern bonnets "rooiit" half on. half off the head. French milliners have introduced a band of ribbon which ties across the left side of the heai?. American designers have employed an elastic bandeau to keep the hat on. The ribbon and the bandeau, wo- men have found are a aulsance. In lieu of something to keep the bon- net clamped tight women are renew- ing their friendship with the hat pin. The new hats ara reminiscent of the days of Empress Eugenie, wife of Napoleon III. World Wide Famine Banished Century Ago Chicago The danger of world- wide famine was removed 100 years ago this month. In a Virginia waeat fleM in July, 1831. Cyrus Hall McCormick looked back on the first strip of grain ever successfully cut with a mechanical reaper. That first clean swathe of j wheat served notice on the world that the era of mechaniztxi agricul- ture had dawned. Economists have credited the ', reapers with even greater service to humanity, declaring that it has ban- ished forever the fear of a world- wide food shortage, a fear that had existed since Biblical times. Now, far from fearing a shortage of -grain, the nations are troubled with grain surpluses. The surpluses are due. economists say, to the wide use of motorized Im- plements. McCormlck's reaper was capable of only eight or ten acres of grain a day. After that there still remained the problem of thresh- ing. Today huge combines used In the great grain belts harvest and thresh 30 to 40 acres a day. English Scenes The most beautiful country I have ever seen is England. It has not the majesty of Switzerland, but it has everything else. Almost exact- ly the same size as North Carolina or Michigan, It has an amazing variety of scenery and climate. As one approaches it from the Atlantic, the cliffs tit Cornwall look austere and forbidding; but there the roses bloom in January. Stand almost anywhere In Devonshire, and you see the meadows .eanlng on the sky; they are separated from one another not by stone fenced, or by split-rails or barbed wire, but by hedgerows In self-conscious bloom; Salisbury Plain is like western Nebraska, a far horizon; tha misty slopes of the Sussex downs reach, dreamily to the sea. Every few miles in England the topography changes; could any- thing be more different than those different counties? But we do not go to England for natural scenery, though we might well do so; we go because in Eng- land every scene is, in the phrase of Henry James, "peopled with recogni- tions." The things that we have seen in Imagination w^ see In real- ity; there 'hoy are! ... As we look- ed from the top of the hill down into Canterbury, the setting sun glori- fied the Cathedral; as we stood on the most solemn promonetory in England, Land's Eiid, and gazed into the yeasty waves at tha foot of the cliff, I remembered Tennyson's lines: One showed an iron coast and angry waves. You seemed to hear them climb and fall And roar rock-thwarted under bel- lowing caves, Beneath the windy wall. William Lyon Phelps, in "Essays on Things." August 2. Lesson V Philip's Mis- sionary Labors Acts 8: 26-40. Golden Text Therefore they that were scattered abroad went every where preaching the word. Acts 8:4. ANALYSIS I. BREAKING THKOUCH BAHRIE113 OF HATRED, \'ts 8: 5-13. II. THE WORK CONSOLIDATED, Acts 3: 14-25. ill. BREAKING THROUGH BARRIERS Of RACE, Acts 8: 26-40. INTRODUCTION Philip was the fore- runner of the larger general mission to the Gentiles. Appointed one of ti'.e Seven, his consecrated sifts soon made him a missionary. Hia sudden and spontaneous movemenU under '.ha im- mediate impulse of the Spirit remind one of the Old Testament prophets. Bat his true inspiration was shown in the daring insight which led him to break through the barriers of hatred ana Jewish limitations. Ho is the true predecessor of Paul. I. BREAKING THROUGH BARRIERS OP HATRED, Acts 8': 5-13. Imagine a Canadian evangelist; go- ing to conduct A mission in Berlin im- mediately after the War! Such was Philip going to the Samaritans. Jews and Samaritans hated each other. Due to I he intermingling of races after the Assyrian captuic of Samaria in B.C. 122 the Samiritans were of mixed blued, part Jew, part Assyrian. On this account and because of tli3ir cor- rupted Jehovah worshia, thn Jews, xvlien rebuilding the temple after the exi'e, refused Samaritan aa.-istance. ''Ye 1 have nothing to do with us," they said, Ezra 4: 3. The Samaritans re- sponded with an open and implacable hatred. Philip's missionary zeal, how- ever, could not pass them by. He preached Christ to them. II. THE WORK CONSOLIDATED, Acts 8: 14-25. Reports of Philip's activities soon reached the apostles in Jerusalem, v. 14. They recognized at once the im- portance of this new departure. They sent Peter and John to investigate- On seeing the converts, the visitors werp convinced that the work was of God. Until now, no signs had accom- panied Philip's work such as had oc- curred at Pentecost. Now, however, at the reception service cond'.ictcd by the apostles, there was a pronounced emotional disturbance. It was still considered that the coming of the Sn-rit must be accompanied by these external evidences. Simon was much impressed. His money-loving sou' saw the financial possibilities. He did not realize, like many a one since -his day, that spiritual blessings cannot be bar- tered, v. 20. He thought that money could do anything. With an insight that is still needed, Pete" denounced the suggestion that a man's money entitles him to prominence or power within the church. His rebuke brought about in Simon, not repentance, but a fear of consequences. III. BREAKING THROUGH BARRIERS OK RACE, Acts 8: 26-40. When the apostles come to Samaria, Philip's pioneering zeal, or the voice of God in a missionary's soul impelled him to set out for new fields, while they consolidated the work. Some- thing, he knew it was God, told him to go south toward the Jerusalem-Gaza road. Philip fiom Samaria, ihe Ethiopian treasurer from Jerusalem, each un- known to the other, were soon to moot. The treasurer of Candace, Queen of Ethiopia ("Candaca" was a royal title like "Caesar" in Rome, "Kaiser" in Germany), had failed to find spiritual satisfaction in the religion of his own country. In some way he had come in contact with Judaism and its sacred scriptures. He had traveled the twelve hundred miles from Ethiopia to Jeru- salem. and now. still perplexed and unsatisfied, he was making his v.-ay th eunuch found Christ. Receiving him into the church by baptism, Philip laid down only one condition, faith in Jesus Christ, th.i Son of God, v. 37. He erected no artificial barriers be- tween a man and his God. He requir- ed only one "fundamental" faith in J" ;uj Christ as a personal Saviour. David Livingstone, haunted by the thought of thousands of villages yet untouched by white man, must press on through African forests. So, too, Phi'ip, his work w'th the eunuch com- pleted, left him to hurry north u> Azo- tus, twenty miles off. The language which describes his departure : s evi- dently suggested by Oid Testament models, for example, Elijah, 1 Kings 18: 12; 2 Kings 2: 16. Qlome Chats Whattow Is Wearing BY ANNABELLE WORTHINGTON Illustrated Dressmaking Pattern Fur- nished Wit'i Every Pattern Mr. Knagg 'Don't you know that? Any fool could tell you." Mrs. Knagg "That's why I asked you, dear." When, on tho main highway, thn Ethiopian eunuch's retinue came up to Philip, "the Spirit said unto Philip, Go near, join thself to this chariot," v. 29. That is the Bible way of saying that Philip, ever seeking an oppor- tunity to preach Christ, and hearing this "foreigner" reading what ho_evi- dently did not fully understand, said to himself, "I must help that man, who- ever he is." Last Christmas a man sent a donation to a needy community. The letter acknowledging the p.ift read: "God surely spoke to you." Di- vine suggestions are always coming to people whose lives are the channels of God's spirit. As a result of Philip's explanations 2643 A printed chiffon cotton voile that shows smart sophistication for town. It is summeiy and cool, and yet so entirely practical. It's tubable too. The bolero is most unusual crossed and buttoned at the front. The hips are snug. The skirt has sufficient flare expressing smart fem- ininity without being fussy. A narrow ribbon velvet belt indicates the natur- al waistline. Style No. 2643 may be had in sizes 16, 18 years, 38, 38, 40 and 42 inches bust. Emerald green fiat crepe silk, shantung in dusty-pink, red and white printed batiste and pale blut- silk pique are stunning ideas for this chic model. Size 36 requires 4% yards 39-inch material and 1% yards 2V& inch rib- bon for belt. HOW TO ORDER PATTERNS Write your name and address plain- ly, giving number and size of such patterns as you want. Enclose 20c in stamps or coin (coin preferred; wrap it carefully) for each number, and address your order to Wilson Pattern Service, 73 West Adelaide St., Toronto. All great and honourable actions are accompanied by great difficulties and must be undertaken and overcome with answerable courage. Punshon. Old This Ever Happen to You? It was early morning and Mrs. Smith happening to look out of her window while she was dressing, saw her neigh- bor, Mrs. Humber, who was not very strong, rush out of her home and run over to the house acros the road. Very soon the young married man came running out as hard as he could come. Half way over he turned around In- quiringly, as though for guidance where to go, when she pointed to her back door, into which the young man then ran with redoubled energy. Mrs. Humber came back too, but slower, as though tired out. "Oh, Mary," called Mrs. Smith to her daughter, in another room, "I'm sure there is something wrong over at number's. Mrs. Humber rushed out of her door just now and went over to Maitland's, across the street, and that young fellow who Is visiting there came over as fast as he could into number's house. There must be something the matter." Mrs. Smith, finished dressing, alter- nately trying to think nothing was the matter and then pondering whether she should go to llnd out what was wrong, for it would be so foolish to go if nothing were the matter. But then it all seemed so still around there. "Perhaps Mr. Humber is> hurt," she thought. "No, there he is away back in the field ploughing, so it isn't that, but then a hundred other things might have happened." At last she just had to phone* over. She hardly knew what to expect. If there was no answer it would mean something was really the matter, or she half expected to hear a stranger's voice. In due time the phone was answer- ed. "Hello," said the cheerful, fa- miliar voice of Mrs. Humber. "Is that You, Mrs. Humber? Are you all right?' said an anxious voice. "Yes, I'm all right. Why do you ask?" she said. A little mortified, Mrs. Smith told her what she had seen and the con- clusion she had come to. "Well, now, it would look like that." j laughed Mrs. Humber. "But what really happened was only a phone call. Someone phoned long distance for the { young chap across the road and I hur I ried over to tell him. while the line 1 was being held, that was all." Doesn't this remind one a little of the ways of gossip? In this cane the actions were prompted by neighborly Interest and friendship, but gossip very often isn't. Gossip can so easily fly from house to house, becoming more and more magnified, and in near- ly every case, though it seems like cir- BEST cumstantial evidence, the story carried Is found to be very often wrong. Often, too, it depends on who re- ceives the news as to what construc- tion will be put on it, and sometime* the conclusion drawn Is without In- tention unkind, because of lack of knowledge of the circumstances. So perhaps the best way after all Is Just to pass no Judgment at all, to be safe. Don't you think so? Twilight Hour Story | Chicks and Other Little Friends Wasn't that funny when Topsy, the barn cat, stole one of Fluffy's kittens and carried it off to the barn in her mouth? And do you know, Fluffy didn't seem to care because she took it away. You see, they were good friends, and Fluffy knew Topsy could take good care of that little klttie, for i she knew all about babies since she' i had had so many of them. So Fluffy , Just sat there and blinked her eyes ' and purred. I "I guess we better put them in their j new box now and set it away off in a i dark corner in the closet," said Mam- I ma Lady. Just as she said that, how- , ever, a big dark shape stood at tha | door. Who do you think it was ? Well, it was Rover, and he wanted in. He never waited very long either, if he wanted in, for lift knew how to open I the door with his paw by Just digging his claw in a certain place on the i screen and pulling it open. Well, this morning he did that Just the same aa j he always did, and came in wagging I his tail and shaking his head. You I know the way dogs do when they say "good morning." But say, before he knew what was happening to him he had a good scratch on his nose. He wa.. urprised. Then that wasn't enough, it seemed, for something jumped on his back and was digging claws into his fur. Can you imagine it? It was Fluffy doing all that to Rover. It hurt, too, so that he thought he better get out of the kitchen as fast as ho could; and that was what Fluffy wanted him to do, too. Whoever would have thought sue would havo been as cross as all that? After he was gone and she was sure he was really gone she came back, and you should have seen her eyes! They were blazing just like nre and they were big and round too. But her tail sa y t it was big before, but now it was nearly as big us all the rest of her body put together. Her whole I body was bigger too, because her fur , stood straight out all over her, so she looked like a porcupine. It all looked so funny, everyone In the room couldn't help laughing. "Poor old Rover," said Mamma Lady. "He came at a wrong time. Fluffy will soon get used to him when she finds he wouldn't hurt her kittens for any- thing." But what did Rover think about It? The Public Tile public man needs but one pat- ron, viz., the lucky moment It is as- | tonlbhing how capricious, how sudden are the changes in value of a public man. All depends upon whether the public want or believe they want the man. And that Is a question upon which the public do not know their own minds a week before nor do they always keep in tha same mind, when made up, for a week together. If they do not want the man,. If he do not hit the taste nor respond to the exigencies of the time, whatever his eloquence, his abilities, his virtues, they push him aside or cry him down. Is he wanted? Does the mirror of the mo- ment reflect his image? That mirror Is an intense- magnifier, his propor- tions swell, they become gigantic. 'uhy can't Jones and his wife agree?" "He mn: on a wheel!);] an automobile girl mrrow salary." Paris Reports Drop In Tourist Trade Paris. Directors of tourist agencies, here In connection with tha conference of transatlantic steamship companies, said recently that there is no use denying that this year's tourist season Is a fail- ure. One of them said lhat hia business so far is 80 per cent lew than It was last year. An agreement was expected In the conference regarding proposed re- ductions of transatlantic steamship fares. The popularity of comfortable one-class liners was advance-d as a reason for converting all but the biggest and fastest liners Into cabin class steamers. This considera- tion was expected to weigh heavily In favor of maintaining approxi- mately the present rates for first class accommodations in the fast- est liners. British companies, It was reported, continue to favor at least a 25 per cent, cut in first class rates. He Still Teaches at 97 Professor Francesco Berger, Lon- don's oldest music teacher, is still giving piano lessons at 97. When remfniscensing. he talks enthusiastic- ally of Charles Dickens and many other Victorians. He knew Mendels- sohn and a host of famous musi- cians, and his memory Is unusually keen. MUTT AND JEFF Central Should Have Had Cotton In Her Ears. By BUD FISHER YOU I 6IV iT TO HIM, MlST(* A- MUTT IN HU-0,