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Britain's Huge Tax Incubus Canadians Have Cause to Rejoice, and Say: "Lo, the Poor Britisher," When They Consider His Income Tax That's what many editor, think, at least, in surveying the budget of Chan- celor of the Exchequer, Philip Snow- den, which provides for a 22 V4 per- centage of income tax, and involves, as London press dispatches advise us, a new basic rate of $1.12 ou each $5 of Income. \VIiile relatively few Britons pay the full rate of the Income tax, cables a I.Ditdon correspondent vast numbers are obliged to pay something, begin- ning on incomes as low as $675 for single persons and $1.125 for the mar- riM. Vnder the new rate*, this informant adds, an unmarried man would pay ap- proximately $254 on an income of $3,000; $442 on $4,000; $029 on $5,000; JiJ.'lls on $12,500, ami up to $43,190 on 1100,000. A marriod man without children, it Is further noted, would pay $~>28 on $.'i,nnO; triple that amount on $10,000, and up to >:":. on $15,000. Championing Mr. Snowdt'ti as Iho Chancellor of the MacDonald Labor Government, the London Dally Herald, official organ of the Labor party, de- clares that the budget "places bur- dens on broad backs." On the other hand, the London Times remarks: 'The new taxes will certainly deepen the disquieting impression that the wealthier section of the community is merely being exploited to provide for the expansion of 'social' services for which the appetite of the electorate is not likely to diminish as long as the voter is protected from the fiscal con- sequences of his own extravagance." Ever since the war, writes a special correspondent in the London Morning Post, Britain has been groaning .under a load of taxation. In comparing Bri- tain's burden with that of other coun- tries this writer cites Mr. Stanley Baldwin's Government, as having given the House of Commons In De- cember, 1928, the following figures showing the national taxation per head in several countries: f!reat Britain . Franc Italy 1'nited St tea National Taxation per Head 1910-14 192, -27 3 11 4 14 11 8 370 770 220 440 140 G < Hart A. Massey fellowships have been awarded by the American Univer- sity, to two fourth-year University of Toronto students: Howe H. Martya (left) in philosophy honors at Victoria College, who is the son of H. G. V.artyn, vice-principal of the Stratford Normal school, and John T. Wilson (right), in physics and geology honors at Trinity College, who is son of J. A. Wilson, director of civil aviation, Ottawa. This con <pondcnt of the London Morning Po.-^t duel. Cons.i goes on to say: "Cieat Hritaiv w;i-, tins paying in 1927 four times as much per head as before the war, and twice ns much as any of the other three countri'v-. In January, 19"0, Mr. SimndPn informed til" Ilnu -< 'if Commons (hat. acf'inlinc; to the latest figures, H.'ltUh taxation was i!15 Is. 5d. per head, while that 'Kor, in the first place, it takes ac count of the national budget and omits local taxation, the proportion of which to Hit.- national budget varies The new king, it appears, has spent a lifetime in the army, is an experi- enced soldier, and is keen on improv- ing and bringing to an efficient stand- ard the forces of Afghanistan. He knows, declares this Peshawar correspondent, that on this army as on nothing else depend the peace of Af- khaniHtan and the stability of the Government. Turning to educational matters, we find that: "King Nadir Shah has lost no time In re-opening schools for boys. The education of girls is for the present out of the question, j "He has not laid down any clear line of policy with regard to the system of education in Afghanistan, but so far as I nm aware, the system conitem- plated by him will differ in manv re- from coiuitry to country. And. sec- suects f| . om that a(lon , ( . (1 t)V ex-King oiully, it does not allow for difference in national income, wl-.lch is an im- portant factor in determining the ca- pacity of a country to bear taxation. "I'nforlunatcly, exact calculations of national income aie impossible, but ot the nited States wai E5 13e. Gd., BO | sufficiently near estimates can be made which leave no room for doubt that Britain is the most heavily taxed nf i li^ great countries ot the world in proportion to her income. The follow- ing table, based ou approximate fig- ures, shows the proportion of the na- tional income paid out iu all taxation, thai liril .Ill's position had. I c rativ.dy still mor<> un; >- com- pf-il ith tho United Stad--.. "Tiiis ba^is of < onin;. rUon suffices to give a very rough idea of the bur- den of taxa'ion in diilVn-n! c .mntries. It is nfVer:he!e>M admittedly inacciir- a!' s a guide to the lea! burden uf | national and local, by five principal taxation. count i ic-: National All Income Taxation fiivat Britain (.iniany Italy France .... .. I'nitfd States Y.-ar 1928 1926 I'J-'S m-l 3,760 3,100 1,100 2,060 825 C25 200 360 1.270 Percentage of Taxation to Income 22.0 20.1 1S.2 10.1 10.8 whole Held of taxation. Not included H.R.H. the Duke of Connaught Canada joins heartily with the rest of the British Empire in congratula- tions to H.R.H. the Duke of Connaught on the attainment of his eightieth birthday anniversary. H!" life has been a long and active one, spent wholly, until very recent years, In the service of the Crown, and, there- fore, of the Empire. As a soldier he established and retained a high re- putation, and many of the reforms ef- fected iu the British army were due to Ills activities. He was a strict dis- ciplinarian, but at the same time won Blood-Spilling In India's Revolt i Gandhi's "Soul-Force" Cam- paign for Independence Runs Into British "Vel- vet-glove" Policy in India Then "violence" and "the Iron hand" appear. Attempt to make a news-reel of widely scattered developments in .huge Indian provinces, following the Mahatma's solemnly defiant "salt party," as told In the dispatches, would show at least: Weazened Gandhi, on speaking tour, preaching non-violent civil dis- obedience, even to death for It. In- dividuals and crwods disobeying the salt law by making and selling salt in many places. Mrs. Gandhi, minus Carrie Nation violence, leading groups of women to persuade natives not to use liquor or patronize liquor shops. Other bands of women on picket duty In the boycott of foreign-made cloth- shops. Importing merchants join- ing boycott for a year. Thousands of demonstration marchers in Bombay. Calcutta, Madras, Delhi streets sing- ing the official Nationalist song "Bande Mataram" ("Hail Mother- Chicago's Amazing Gang Merger Amazement Greets the An- nouncement that Chicago's Gangs Have Amalgamat- ed to "Reduce the Overhead." "To the man In the street It will seem curiously fantastic that 'Al' Ca- pone and "Bugs' Moran, notorious leaders of notorious gangs, should have the hardihood to perfect a mer- ger of their criminal interests, and toil Chicago all about It," declares the Portland Oregonian. It does seem Incredible, but the Chicago Herald-Examiner assures us that "the erstwhile violent leaders of the half-world armies tiave arranged to pool their interests and their forces, to amalgamate into one mighty syndicate for the 'orderly' control and operation of gambling, booze, and vice." And Capone, we are told, "has elected himself unanimously and without opposition to the chief of all | the works." "All for AI and Al for All" that is the slogan of the new combine, ac- cording to The Herald-Examiner, which then proceeds to tell us more about this strange development in and held the affection of all who serv- ' Ou t 3 jde trial courts, as well as strik- ed under him. | orgi throwing stones in conflict with Canada was fortunate in having him ; police. Riot fatalities and arrests land"), hut also "The Wearing of the | Chicago's "racket": Green." "Hartals" both orderly and j .. L 'nder the terms of the agreement disorderly general cessation of work in factories, schools, exchanges, and business houses. Protesting crowds as Governor-General from 1911 to 1916. and he was both popular and , setting a sound example of by the score. Hunger strikes among salt-making prisoners. Martial law prevailed in cities where AiiKinullah. 'Although he believes that it is necessary fur the Afghan youth to learn European languages, he prefers Hussian and English above all others, and IIP. Is perfectly justified. 1 Hritish India and Itussia are both Afghanistan's immediate neighbors, and it is with those two Powers that Afghanistan has to deal politically, socially, and economically. "Why then should tliu Afghan youth be ignorant nf the kiimuugei of their . .. ._. . , _ . _ neighbors and let the vast field of ! "'Slment that made history and left ' authorities to arrest and intern sus- scrupulous regard for the responsi- 1 test meetillgs aml general 8t nkes bilities. as well as the limitations, of I had bc( , n calle( , an( , b ,. oken up Then his high position. His daughter, a band of revolutionary raiders at- known to every Canadian as Princess tat . ke(1 chittagon? a river port of Pat. endeared herself to the people I!e!1! , alp loole(l the armories of the of this country by her democratic \ volifc ail(1 aux [, iarv rorces , killing ways and her charm of manner, and I her nami! is permanently associated with Canada's war record as Honor- seven persons, and fled back to the hills. Whereupon troops from Cal- cutta were ordered to the scene for ary Colonel of the famous Princess; 1)UI . sllit> and viceroy Lord Irwin reirn- Patricia'-i Canadian Light Infantry, a ' posed ,,, e on ij nance enabling Bengal literature, science, arts, and politics provided in these two of the world's best media remain unexplored? will fade pects without warrant or trial. Thus the gang coalition contemplates main- tenance of what might accurately be described as a 'community chest.' "Into this chest will be poured all of the earnings ot all of the gang's units earnings from vice resorts, from gambling tables, from whiskey and beer distribution, and from labor racket*. "Out of the chest will come the pro- tection funds required, and, it has been decided, these fees will not ba scattered Indiscriminately, as hereto- fore, but will be paid to certain desig- nated individuals, powerful enough to keep off the petty graft colectors." "The amalgamation of interests now supposed to have been effected was a characteristic Capone coup," writes Owen L. Scott, Chicago correspondent of the Consolidated Press Association, "it means reduced overhead and en- The Duke, while iu Canada, '.ravel-, cmc ^ ea t i, e iron hand." led extensively, made himself acquaint- 1 xews dispatches come from a few hanced Profits, inasmuch as the mam King Xadir Shah i.s believed not <;<! with all parts of the Dominion, and city-centers and may :>e subject to the impres- subject to many cross-currents. Correspondents he iu facor of sending to Europe. . fl ' l> 'l ! "> ntl - v revealed l:i his speeches a censorship, yet they give ys of tender age. Ho favors the lc(>en understanding and appreciation sioll ot spreading revolt, saner policy of having the children ' at our Peculiar problems and needs. educated at Kabul until they grow up! His tact and hls lo "R Military ex- ' and complete a standard at home not I'vod invaluable during the iu ..-itlier national or local budgets arej Kurop". At present there is no .such , """"" T1 i Kiiiu- v-uiir tih.iii'j .,,, Empire of hard work is one that may the. compulsory contributions paid by ILem ln Klu Nj ' 1 Bnana piogram. - employers and workers to the oclal f or the education budget hardly covers ' ',], ,, v , Bflrw f,> iu,. .cular significance in that it embodies insurance services. Tills is an item 1<l ses neceasarj t ducation . "It is thus clear that Great Britain h.-ats a :-uli tantiiilly heavier load of t.i\:itjo:i in relation to her resources th-iii any of the principal 1 jn o|i.-.m ex- bellgerents. and on" of altogether dif- ferent magnitude from tin' of tile. in-. -I States. Both the size of the Bri- ti ii contribution and thu comparison with that of other countries speak suf- 1 pleyers some err,. HIM. MHO a year, in! Somebody has pricked the enormous less than that of the mafi icnlalion in lir!<t Uvo - vears of llle war - alul when India. Only after such pivliminarv ! ' Wl ' Mt hom< - il1 m6 he rr[eii wlth education will the boys ba seut ,: I'l'" H'e good wishes of the entire D>- * "* has set the Insurance services. This is an item niii'inpl:iynu'iit isurance, health iusur- at ance, widows', orphans' and old-ago contributory pensions and workmen's c-o;ii|iensation which costs the em- Out On His Feet Ucieiitly loudly for themselves. 'Itiil W" have not yet surveyed tliu i tliu workers." ! addition lo over M.'Wu.ooo paid by ; bubble that was Primo Camera. the principle that royally is no bar to service and that a man In whose veins the blond royal runs may serve as faithfully and as ably as those ot less- er birth. Tho wish of the Kinplre Is that His Royal Highness may he lonj; The Strong Man Of Afghanistan The Hero of the Hour in Afghanistan, It Seems, is King Nadir Shah Tlii-ouRh rare courage and intellect, it is said, lie in endeavoring to win for peace, prii.-pc-riiy, 'iintry, prestige. The gnat revolution l-'fi Afghanis tan both sick and prosir.-m-, writes tlm Peshawar cm respondent of the Calcutta Slat-'MiKin. How King Anian- ulliih was forced to flee with his wife and retinue to Kurope, and how his MIC-C .'.ssor, tho "water hoy," King Mabl- bullah. was overthrown, has been ,,,, I >"">wlede most capable of dlscharg- in these columns. inK " 10 lllltles ntrusted to him." now appears that the giant Italian's] pseudo triumphant tour ot the United "" 1 " """""" """'" th4 "' 1 teuance ot private armies is about tha costliest feature of the gang business. Good gunmen draw about $100 a week and keep. The number of men on pay- lo discharge the re S p,,nsil,ili,ie., of . , . , Government, We read: clossal fake from the beginning. His "Two of his brother, havo t;lk , n | "l-poueiits have rale,, heforo his , :1 .,,t , ,. : reach and windmill anus like wheat charge of the, whole civ I and military , , ' before a scythe. Some of th-in, In- administration at home?. One Is Sar- dar Mohamad Ilasham Khan, the Pre- mier, and til,) other, Oneial Shah Malimud Khan, is Minister of War and Commander in-Chief. "Again, two of his remaining broth- ers have been placed In charge of the two most Important cenieis of for- eign diplomatic intercourse; Shah Wall Khan i.s Minister Plenipotentiary to the. Court of St. James's, in London, and Mohamad Aziz Khan Is Minister at Moscow. "He has thus distributed tho most important olHces of Slate to his broth- ers, each nf whom Is to my personal The new iihase of Afglian progress In now called to our attention. Mean- while this Pi'sha ,ir informant points out that: "In some iv.-pects tho great upheav- al resulted in conditions most satis- factory to Afghanistan as well as to the peace of Central Asia. "It Is not an exaggeration to say that the peace of the world would have been In jeopardy had It not been for the patience and great political foresight on the part of the British Government and the Union of Soviet socialist Republics. "The way In which the Afghan situ- ation was handled by both these great Powers will go down In hlstry as a marvel of diplomatic skill. "It is a mistake to think that Ama- nnllah'a reforms were the basic cause of the revolt. The real causes wero quite different, and the question of reforms and West- ern modes of living were only brought In to give the ShlnwarU an excuse for rising. "Whatever the causes and the course of the revolt, It Is now clear that the revolution has resulted In the establishment of a stable and strung <i<u eminent, and the accession to the throne of Afghanistan of a man who Is among the best that Afghanistan ban so far produced. "King Nadir Shah, who may be ap- propriately styled tha savior of Af- ghanistan, has been called upon to rule and guide the Afghan nation In their hour of great misery." King Nadir Shah, we are then ad- TUad, has many assets. The chief, It appears, are his own personality and th cooperation of his four brothers, Other salient features of King Na- dir Shah's (iovernment, this Posha- war informant goes on to say, are al- most identical witli those of ex-King Amanullah's Government. But, he adds, a wise step has been taken by tho present king in securing the co-operation of religious leaders In his administration. Two well- known religious personalities have been already absorbed by the Govern- ment, this narrator states, and con- tinues: "The Ilazrat Sahib of Slier Bazar, the famous religious leader who was responsible for Amunullah's downfall, has been appointed Minister Plenipo- tentiary at Cairo, and has already left Afghanistan to take up his duties. "His younger brother, the Ilazrat Slier Afglia, I.s now Minister of Jus- tice at Kabul. "Again, In order to provide an op- portunity for the expression of their collective opinion, the King has con stltuted a Jamial-al-Ulunia (Grand As sembly ot the Learned) which will help the (iovernment In the discharge of their duties toward questions re- lating to the Shariat of Islam. 'This Assembly will Indeed he help- ful in maintaining the equilibrium when ever the fanaticism ot tha tribal masses la fanned by some sort of real or imaginary grievance. "Persia also has such an assembly of Mujtabids and it has proved of real assistance to the Persian Government. "There Is ngaln the MaJlsis-1-Shoora, tho Grand National Assembly, which Is presided over by Abdul Ahad Khan, an experienced and able Wardak Chief. This Is a sort of legislative body and works in close co-operation deed, timing I heir falls Inaccural dy, tumbled to (lie. mat before the huge Camera's tist established conta' with their chins. One held off for fix rounds, which was not at all ^ford- Ing to schedule, so one of Camera's seconds went round to the opposite corner and whispered magic in the obdurate boxer's second's tar, with the result that the towel went Into the ring Instead of Camera. As a result, his license and that of his manager have been cancelled, and now he can only light In Alaska, the Panama Canal /one, and Hie Hawai- ian Islands, in American territory. sacrificing devotion to that Empire so richly merits. HEARTACHES Let us awaken to the divine privi- lege of sharing the heartaches of our friends; of tho meaning of good fel- lowship; ot that Independence of spirit that does not Imitate; ot cour- age and pride that can endure adver- sity with dignity, and without fear. COURTESY Give the other fellow a chance to talk. He'll appreciate the courtesy and you may learn something. An architect thinks that the small houses now being built could be much improved. For one thing they might ba arranged so that the rooms would fold into tho walls when not wanted. report : "Nationalist campaigners propaganda methods learned from Soviet Russia and China revolutions. There are more kinds of revolt than ever previously attempted in India economic, educational, religious, soc- ial, feminist, and political. Com- munist leaders attack Gandhi's disob- edience program as futile, and vision- ary. Some Moslem leaders refuse to co-operate. A caste anti-revolution- ary party has appeared. Ruling Princes of native Stites have come to- gether seeking additional privileges from Government. Besides Viceroy Lord Irwin's strategy in refusing Im- mediately to make Gandhi a martyr, but Interning his chief lieutenants and taking necessary military meas- ures to suppress 'riots," it is surmis- ed that the report of the Simon In- vestigation Commission, withheld for two years in London may be thrown into tho ring for a compromise settles- mcnt, short of Independence at an op- portune time." Most of our papers find it difficult to understand how Gandhi's psycho- logy can possibly win, although many continue to emphasize its amazing character, and hedge enough to sug- gest that what wouldn't go in the West may or may not go far in the East. Uncertain editors agree that the one certainty seems to be that Britain has one of her hardest em- pire nuts to crack. rolls could be cut sharply with peace." adapt i close behind this news came the an- Wins 133-Mile Dash For Sputtery Sea Fleas nouncement, in the Chicago Tribune, that Capone, who recently completed a year's term in a Philadelphia jail, wa.s 'seeking new realms of profit, and had invaded the stronghold of po- litical patronage, planning to seize public jobs, public contracts, control of budgets, and the power that attends it all." Reading further: "The plan, as it has been described, has been to have a Capoue man ap- pointed commissioner of the Bureau of Plumbing, with power to hire and fire the city plumbers, to create re- strictions and rules for building in- stallations, resulting in a czardom over all plumbing work in the city." Meanwhile, Capone men were re- ported to he "muscling in" on the la- bor unions. The police saw a tempor- ary setback in this scheme when a lone gunman entered a barroom and shot to death three alleged members of the Capone gang. News of the Chicago crime merget seems to shock soma of our editors, but most of them write of it in an ironical vein. Thus the New Orleans Item wonders whether It will bring an investigation by the Department of Justice "to determine If the anti-trust laws are violated." The Economic Crisis in Canada Review of Reviews (London)) : The fall in wheat, wool, copper, cotton, and other products will not in itself provo to be a bad thing eventually; but, temporarily, its effects are disastrous. It has caused serious embarrassment to the chief producii.g countries lilts Argentina, Canada, and Australia. In the first-named country th.. gold standard has had to be suspended for the time being, but that country, un- like Canada through its wheat pool, was wise to sell its wheat and other products at whatever prices they would fetch. Canada unwisely decided to hold wheat off the market in the hope that the price would improve. Tho opposite has happenrd and the situation in Canada :s serious. Tha funds of the banks are tied up in wheat, etc., and the resultant credit strain is serious. It is the more seri. ous owing to certain scandals which the Canadian authorities are trying to hush up. THE3I INTERESTING SMALL CRAFT ARE GAINING WIDE POPULARITY J. E. Wilkinson In his outboard, after winning 133-mile race down Hudson river, from Albany to Now York, Vho help him with unusual devotl'iu u il!l "' ' C-i'iinot of Ministers." in lucord time ot three hours, 27 minutes and three seconds. Public and Private Enterprise Lord Melchett in the Windsor Maga- zine (London): It is hard to see how the efficiency of production could be increased simply by the industry be-, j ing conducted by Government depart-' ments instead of private individuals (and there are very good reasons which indicate that it would actually! be less efficient), although I agrea that the efficiency of production in this' country at present is not on the high- est possible standard. Nevertheless,' the whole issue between "private en-' trprise" and "public enterprise"' seems to be tremendously over-exg^ gerated. After all, the vital question is not who is conducting industry, butf how is industry conducted; not on* of political theory, but on of industrial expediency.