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• r-i »'i Getting At The Truth Of The Emigration Problem â€" A British View An Icy Bath For Boston Horse â- (By S. A. .Moscley m The Montreal But what puzzles tho detached invi-sti Standard.) There ought to be no flifficulty •bout gi'l-iing at th<! truth of the emi- gration problem. Yet it appears to bt. at the Iwttom of the deepest well. Either there is a call for men in the l)<>mM*<ons or there is not; either those wh>- do po are treated shame- fully <n- ttiey make good; cither our uia'mj*"Vi!(» lit ouftht tix go (if they can) f>r wail, Micawber-like, for soiTlfe- thins: to ftirn up in England. l.tl Vii tako thii last point fir.=;t. Should our men leave the Old Coun- try? Tf there is workâ€" most decided- ly! Were I out of a job I would go anywhere and do anything in order to gator is that Canada sliould go to the: trouble and expense of foisting this' alleged gigantic ramp on the aiother country when they can get all the] workers they want out in t.'anada. It doesn't sound feasible. i What is more explicable is that un,j employment is rife in towns as it is over here, and that what Canada | wants and what .she i<iakes cVea'- she: wants are not men who are i-fler johs j in its cities, but stiv.ng. hi-althy and i willing farm laborers. I don't think | there can l)e any doubt on this point. â-  With all the trouble caused by unem- ! ployed or discontented men, what' could possil)ly Ik? at the tiack of the i avoid lM>rr«vvinK or •ts|)onging." And "''"/.' "* ^•'''^ Canadian authorities in in .xayiriK this I do not theori/e from , ^^^^V'"^ ^' *â- '*" *" '''""'* ""*' au armc.ha:r. 1 have had some expert- j ^.^ Commissioner Lamb of the Sal- ence-aiHi I know. As a youth I left '^;at">" ^''"ly points out in the other ail old j.'*l) ln'forc I had obtained a new one. <it tiio earliest desire to save my face I bocaino .•â- â- olUier. sailor, linker, tailor, ari the phrase goes. .'Ve { sjiy, ' know. The <r.;iin thing is to pu'.l your weight u: .society. Work .-Ind the world wii! listen to you. Tihe man who prefers to idle in England rath* than acl^£>pt work in Timbuctoo gets document in my iw.ssession, Canada, as our largest Dominion, has an area : of o,000,(HX) s(|uare miles and a pcipu-j lalioii of only 8.000,00(1 â€" or in other! words, three persons to the square mile, whereas in Kngland and Wales ' we have Col> persons to the square ; , mile. j THE ANSWER. i What answer has Canada to the.se AUTHORITY ON BLOOD I'ror. HitiiH Kis<licr. .Muiiic. . iias .lis- covorcd what causes blood to be red ana piocliices a synthetic blood. K niu.. revolJitiouize tlu! dlagiiosi-H of bacteria In human blood. no .sympathy from me â€" or from any- charges of Mr. Rees and others? body elrio. Whe question of "hating First, a categorical denial. There is to leave the '•osom of your family," | no unemployment at all on the '.and ; the sentimental regard for one's place there is work for every efficient, wi!l- of hirth and such plea.s are so many'ing worker. ^j ^ ~~ excu,se3. In a c -isi.s, get down to it! i Second, no destitute man or woman could get men wliu are hardened U WHERE MEN AREN'T \V.'\.NTED '^ permitted to remain in Canada'. 'the special conditions of the bush. And wo are experiencing an Indus- 1 ^'"^^ a_ro deported. So that the pic-, THE HARD SIDE. i HORSE IS RESCUED BY FIREMEN AFTER MAKING lof PuUNGE IN PAKK l.Ar<.E Mciuhi'is of llu? noslon^lir,, iloparliiu-al ri'M-iu-d a '..;a-sc wliicli pliiii^cd lliri?iiKli ilu' ice wli;U' IuuiUum; an ice- ; scraper over the frozen surface ol' the pond in tlu' llostoii public KardiMis. ture nf starving men anxious to re-| No need • turn to England is untrue. to stow are expeviencinp trial crisis in England. War is not the time or the battlefield the place ti ^lobate Utopian themes. There arc heaps of things I would do for the poor unil the unemployed if I were Dictator. I should be indeed the /oftcet-hearted Dictator who ever lived. But there would be no place in my heart for the idle. Let us do Z^,"-"' "*"^ *"V""^ '^"""^"'"-''"'""•'•-| side of life in the Bush. The would everything in our power to help the "'ent msuiance for years the system ^^ p„,ig.,ant should a.sk himself whe willing-to-worker. Down with the ^''°"l' '^%'^^'>"'^'"i'«'l '" C^'"''"f- ., Why should I lose what I've paid in for years?" say these iiu n. But they are inclined to take the I . T . 1 11- I long view. Briti.sh stock is the best. lo stow away. Just become a public U,, â-  . . , e -a i- i m « i ^ ,„„ , .„ , ,\ Iho right tvpe ot Britisher \vi 1 nght charge and you will get packed home', â-  , • . n i. i i • i i f •' ft J I jjis \y;jj- against all hardships, and he aL ;_...„ /t -J !• 1 I. 1 Will help to maintain a l)etter stand- An interesting .sidelight on why „j.^j ^^j: ,'j^^^. men won't migrate to Canada was, ' t^ â-  â-  \i â-  l . /• â-  » „:,.„ „ , ,, , ,. rni. I It 's 'n 111'-' interests ol emigrants given me at Canaia House. Those ., , .i i r i • n i i °„ .,,. (1 ^ 1 • •, ^ then;selves that I emphasize the hard men say tliat having paid unemploy-' '^ shirker! It Harprised r.ie. therefore, to find that there is a disinclination in some parts t»i the affected areas to go and ther lie intends to make a light for it. to work like blazes and win through. , It is onlv wl-.''n he is prepared lo do How about Australia? Colonel Man-|t,,at -.nd accepts the job in that frair.e ning, D.S.O.. Director of Migiation,Lf „,j„a ii,^ i,^, ^^.^j^^y ,, reasonable sci7.^ everv available opportunity lo P^t the ca,-:e in a nutshell. ObviousI.yL.hance. obtain work in the colonies. Now, the conditions in the Australian Bushj Given these conditions the Domin- are somewhat pnimtive, but for th>.se|i^,„s will welcome him and help him. prepared to rough ii, to take off their p^,. thev know that even if thev do rate, there yet remains a tie ^^^^^J" land, and is proud of the fact, tj,^,,,. that her non-Bntish element is as lowi -when the development schemes are cutting out all (luestion of patriotism, mcther-!ove and so forth, every sen- sible unemployed Englishman would prefer to find woric in the Colonies rather than in any strange • country. At any â€" and, anyhow, we speak the same language! Why, then, is there a hold- ing i'ack Ix'th on the part of the un- oniployvd and on the part of the Do- minions? This is a problem I have undertaken to solve with these re- sults: Firstly, not all the Dominions offer work. Places like New Zealand, New- coats and to take the risks that are to be met with anywhere, here is a golden ojjportunity. Australia has rot get their full value in the parents they may be sure that the second and third generations will fully repay as ;; per cent. Australia, like Can-jivell under way the Dominions ada. and many States whose London] talf.' more of our .surplus men representatives I called on, is all ' women. "British to the backbone." Yet we must ask ourselves whether we are sending the right sort of emi- grant. The man softened by city life is utterly useless. I happen to know, for instance, that nearly all the I.on- will Britain Finds Naval Base at Rosyth Useless naval supioinacy â€" wo were \vlthout a siiiKlo organized fleet haso north of llie Tluiiiies. J I was not the leasl of Lord Kisher's inestimable services to his country lluu. he made sood lliis giavu deficl-^ j eucy. Duriiis; his leniiie of office as j Removal of Gernran Menace! ''â- "•-t. «™ '^""',"'^' "'"/,^"'"":''.'^^'.'â„¢i!' in North Sea Renders Big Ship Depot Un- necessary was begun on the new base at Rosyth, wlilch until the theory of far distant blockiide led to the selection of ijcapa Flow, was designed lo be the main base of the Brilisli fleet ill a war :it;aiiist tiermany. | Great War Surprises. I .\s originally planned, llie works at rtosytU were estimated to cost £3,- practical abaiidim- ' ooii.ooo, exclusive ot nuichinery. Upon their lompletiou seven or eight years ' later a much greater sum than this j had been expended. The outbreak ot I war found the Scottish base far fronr , lluished, and for many months after- ' ward a lloaiinK dock, luirriedly towed Pillar of England's Ocean Power During Great War DiscHssing the menl of the greai naval war base and duikyurd at Ilosylli, Scotland, Hector C. Bywater, writing in "The London Daily Telegraph." says twenty years ago ilio Firlh of Kortiv. altluniiMi visit- eil from lime to time by His Majesty's j-,.,,,,, .^ c'haiinel port to Iiivergordon, ships, had no particular slgnillcunce ' i.(,,„.,.^^.„tea the only means that the from the naval point ot view. To-day, (i,..,,,,! jripoi ]ia,i of docking Its baltle- as I write, battle cruisers and other ' ^i,i,,s within the main zone of war. foun<lhi2id, New South Wales and , , ... South Africa frankly tell me that ^""'"â- =* "'';' ='Pl""-''l ^" S" out harvcsl- they don't want any outside help. '"S, '"'"''-•''""j' ""â- Â«,*,"'â- "''< ''""•"• '•^"" "Belter put your cards on the table." (^ "'f ""''l ^ ^'o^fid'-nlial report on a thev say. "We have no State-aided ""'"'"' '^'^.. >'"."",';; ^^1'" , ^y<-'i'e >«eom- immigrntlon scheme and do not on- "'''"^'''' f,, suitable British cniigrants courage poof immigrants. We can ^",':"'' .f V"" '^''""""^"''- J 'â- ''^ ^ ^"^ cope iviUi such work as we have." In authority to reproduce what the medi a word, they haven't got the work for emigrants. "It is the trained women domestics wo want, not men, at the present time cal examination revealed In one case an insane boy was seri- ously put forward as a candidate! Another had a criminal history; a of a slump, which happily is passing third had a grave medical hi.storV. I away." the New Zealand authorities f.**''' ^'"''^'i; ""«V' "''-' ""'^ "^ '""' Reparations Truth (London): The first interest of all parties alike is that the account should be closed and that the three great western nati<ms of Europe should escape at last from the atmos- pliere of war, which must persist so long as the account is open. For ourselves, our only financial interest in the que.-liim is to get as many mil- _.,„,]' lighl lug '-raft are lying iu the Firth, liut they are here on a routine visit, which has no coiiiiectioii with the strategic HilinUioii at sea. .\jid yet, within this comiiaratively brief cycle Compared with the naval oslablisli- nu'iits Iben in being, Uosyth was planned on u grand scale. Provision wtis made for dredginK a basin with an area of lif(y-lwo and one-half acres lions as we can get towards the licpii dation of our own dead-weight debt toii,,,^.,,,,,^ ,i,',, largest and best-equipped the United States. The idea that we | nj,ral base in the world. Yet to-day, can ever get back from Germany what, lit,],. ,„or(. than iweuly .vcars since wo lost between 1914 and 11)13 was j],g {•„.;.( s^a was cut, this great base of years, these northern waters form-j,viili a projecting pier. Riving a total; ed part of the stage upon whidi was Kyliarfage of more than 7.000 feet, with enacted the Biealest drama of modern j^ uniform depth of water of thirty- civilization, eight and one-half feet. Other works! In the British Xavy as It now exists 1 (;onij„.ij;^.,i ^i, p„traiice lock, available j we see only a remnant ot that mighty | (q,. y^^g ,.,<j ^ dn^ij jf nocesKary, 850 feet anuanda that thron«ed the Kast coast i„|,g^ i|o j-Qf,t ^yido at the entrances, haiboiH of Scotland in 1018. In 1008 „,„, ;.g feet deep ovor the .sill at low | the dockyard o.; Rosyth was only a' paper project. Ten years later it had ting such types forward as repre- sentatives of British stock? No wonder that in some parts of Canada and Australia grouses are told me in the < ourse of a long eon versation. The saine story was Udd me else- where. THE DISAPPOINTED. What about other parts of .\us- grousers! tralia and what about Canada? |men are sent out they must ultimate Here I am in the possession of two ly fail to please or "be pleased, and exh-aordinary pieces of conflicting thus swell the alreadv swollen ranks never anything but a mischievous de- lusion, as 1 suppose everybody now understands. lies derelict, a mute reminder ot stir- ring limes I bat we all hope may never recur. Germany Plans Conquest. To trace the history of Ilosylli to its source wo must go back lo ISflS, for it was in that year that Germany batch- but from the natives who object to tho| i-cctly upon the peace of Jugoslavia ' ed her scheme for Uie coiiquest of the The Royal Dktator Spectator (London): The peace of heard, not only from the emigrantaj South-eastern Europe deI^ends so di- wator; a straight river wharf 2,730 ft^et in length; and a large .space tor! coal Ktorafio. Three diydcxdcs were constructed ,<>ach about KIGO feet, king and 110 feet iu width, dimensions far iu excess of any warsblp then afloat or in contemplation. These docks could bo lenBthenecl by soino thirty feet in ease of need. Dockyard facili- ties were also provided for a largo i number of destroyers and snbmaiines j and with the increasing use of liquid â-  fuel oil tanks were multiplietl. i It Is not loo much to say ijiat Uosyili was one of the main pilliiis of Hritish sea power during the World War. To the Kpacious docks, wpio- 1 date ofiuipnieiit and skilled staff ofi tills great yard (he Oraiid Kloot owed in lai'KO measure llii? maintenance of | lis material efficiency. rractlcally __ _ ^ _ _ . every major ship in llie fleet was: gooua country for the tourist, since it satisfactory interview with the wives ij paradox -the cVitriving of a liberal â-  ideas. How leisurely this mental pro- 1 docked at ."osylh, and In many cases' lias wonderful scenery. But for tho For the failure of many an emigrant I p<,] icy towards the Croats out of a j cess was Is indicated by the fact that exteiiHive repairs were carried out at' immigrant it is not only a land that you must once more cherchcz la p-eat initial act of retrogression. Cro- iu 130S â€" ten years after Oerniauy had Hie yard. At the dnt.' of tin- armistice ! lacks the promised milk and honey, femme. I ation hopes "s.>ar up again like fi/e."' eiilered the lisls as cballencer of our 7,2;lO hands were employed thereâ€"' ovidencP. The first is a human docunnent from Obviously, It unsuitable! â€" was not the origin of the Gie*i War [seas. Few in ICngland inteipieted the in that very place?â€" that we most de- [ portent betimes. Al that date the cen- ter of naval gravity lay in Hie ^Mediter- laiieuii. as it had doii'- for more than a century. Rnl in the early years of King lOdwards relgii the rapid growth of unemployed in the cities. There is, again, the nuestion of wo- the Rev. Ebrard Rees, of Merthyr men-folk. Canada won't aid _._ _..„, .._.. Tydfi!, who writes: "Canada is a gor-' grants unless they have first had a |fuTuive"dcpends upon the triumph of a ! naval strategists to readjust their tully hope for the S'uccess of the King's policy. He starts with a clean slate. The Constitution, the Skupsh- tina. the County and District Coun- cils, have all been swept away. The I of the Cermaii Ileet compelled our but presents colossal problems and difficulties which break hearts rather than make backbones." Mr, Rees declares that very few At the same time it is imjjossible. to overlook th«> political element in I Ottawa. Several piivate authorities! who deal with the proI.)!em told me All Enelishmen Love Their Rustger «niigrante from EnglantI who have that they felt that certain obstructio -. gone to Canada since the war would to the smooth working of the cmigra-l hesitate if they were offered the op- tion scheme may be traced in that | portufiity of returning. Mosf of them direction. i are cowed, disappointed, despairing.] I wish I had the space even to sum- And r.ot a few are destitute. Canada niarizo the interesting conversations 1 j has not In-ought them health and have had with the Agents-General or! wealth, but unemployment and uii-|my discussion with the Rev. J. . H. happiness. Pringle, who is Vice-Chaii Vi'!.of Ahe! Now, Mr. Rees has been in Canada, I British Dominions Emigration So-1 hut it (ioes not necessarily mean that ciety But the plain fact.-- that emei j he k»Avv.-4 anything more about the from my inquiries are these; - J actual aKuatioil of Canada generally I There is plenty of scope for the| than many people in London know . right sort of emigrant. It is fatal to about the situation in England. They j transport the wrong *ort of emigrant, told iiK- al the New Zealand office, for ' who is the cause of all the trouble. | instance, that the same outcry of There are hundreds ol* thou^iand.t of I thouhanci-s of men wishing lo return acres in the Dominiuiis wailing i> be 1 home wa? made there last year, and that when an otfer in the form of ad- vcirusftiti«.'ri.t was made again and again to repatriate the men only four applicti. Mr. Rv'es (luotes a judge at the developed; for the liealthj',', strong, vigorous type of Eiiglishnuin there is^ £i great opportunity. Many leading men today in Canada, Australia and New Zealand, including Cabinet Min- isters, started as emigrants on the Court <rf Sessions at Quebec who was. land. It is u.seless for townsfolk to hearing charges against two Scots of -think of becoming farmer.s all of a GlaaJtbw, saying, "Our emigration po iicj is dumping a w'hol© lot of young men into this country, brought here under false pretences." Charity offices At Toronto informed Mr. Rees that they estimated the unemployed of their city at between 6,000 and 8,000. And a !» "terrible, for they have no dole, there Is no outdoor relief thoy t;' sudden. Those who want work in tho cities must not think ot going. What is certain, however, is that tho States themselves in both Aus- tralia and Canada are entirely Brit- ish in sentiment. They could if they liked import foreign labor from tho Ukraine and other foreign parts whei-e blizzards and desolation arc as 'i»ini, and they have no friends.", common as J-aln In London. They , ^ ,,,..„ thia ii » VW- VW- plohue.lcouW tet 'Jiid labor -heaply. and they are seen In a Jump for tho balu AN EXCITING MOMENT IN A STRUGGLE FOR THE BALL Itoselyn Park iniblic schools ami St. Kdmundians meet Iu a rugby match at Kic-hmoud, Kngland. The players not an excessive total in view of the fact lliat Hie Craiid rieet. at Iho same date, numbered at leasl J(lu vessels of various types. British Forsake North Sea. With Hie extinction of (Jcrniaii naval Iiower at the close of ihe war the HlrateRlcal outlook al .sea underwent a radical change. It was <lear that Uie Urlllsh Heel could serve no use- ful pr.rposo by contiuning to cruise in the -North Sea, which no longer har- bored a potential enemy. Nevertheless, the llosytli yard con- tinued for some years lo funclion as a repairing base, and numerous ships were refitted or reconslrucUil there between IHI!) and 1921. In April. 1921, C.OOO work people were still on the pay roll. At that dale, and for .some time after, the Uosyth docks were the only naval docks in the kiuKdom suf- ficiently spacious to accommodate H.M.S. Hood and the largo bulged capital ships of the fleet. Iu 1922 and siibseqiioiil years Rosyth, in common with nil othei naval establishments, felt the edge ol tho economy "axe." The final blow fell in September. 1925. when thla yard and the eslablishnieiil at Pem- broke were jointly ordered to be closed down. By that time the .itafl al Uosyth had been reduced to 2,500. Rosyth was only one, tilbeit . the most Important, of the chain of naval stations that sprang up round the Scottish coast in answer lo the Ger- man menace. For several years be- fore the war Invergordon. on Cromar- ty Firth, was uiideiHoing devidopment as a secondary base, and the building of oil tanks began in 1912. The head- lauds guarding the anchorage, tho North Sutor and South Sutor, were fortiliod, the defences being erected and mauned by marines, who were ac- coniniodalod in tho old battleship Re- nown. Admiralty officials were mean- while surveying Scapa Klow, where it was proposed to establish naval maga- zines and build wharves, but very Ut- ile had been done by the outbreak ot war. Dreadnoughts Kept in Port. Another base, dilelly for submar- iiies, was being prepared at Dundee. On tho West Coast, Lamalash. situ- atod on tho f'lrtli ot Clyde, had beaH approved as a naval anchorage, wliilo Loch Ewe was founded on August 10, 1914, as a secondary coaling station for Iho Grand Fleet. It Is of interest tti recall that the approaches to Loch Ewe wore heavily mined by the German niinolayer Me- teor in September of that year, just after tho dreadnought battle fleet had arrived there to coal and clean boil- ers. .\inoiig the ships temporarily blockaded was tho Fleet flagship, the Iron Duke, on board ot which Mr. Win- ston Churchill, then First Lord, and the chief of the war staff had betaken themselves to confer with .'Vdmlral Jeillcoe. Fortunately the mines were soon swept up. though uol before they had claimed several minor victims. Canada's Dairying Industry Growing Tourists Account for I 5,000,' 000 Pounds of Butter and England Takes Much Cheese IxMidon. Ont. â€" However sparingly visiting nuilorists spread the butter on their bread, they at least managed to consume an aggregate of §15.000,- 000 pounds of butter in Canada last year. This is an official estimate, supplied to the convention of the Dairymen's A.'^'sociation nf Western Ontario here by J. A. Ruddick, dairy commissioner for tho Dominion. Mr. Ruddick said there had been ",000,001) visiting iiiotois from the United Stjites in Canada for an averajre of several days each during 1027, and tho result had been to jirovide a market for Ki,- 000,000 pounds of butter. The figuici for 1!I2S would be about tiie same. Mr. Ruddick, as well as oflicials of the a.^.s<ieiatioll, said that ctmditions iii 1928 had been excellent for the dairy industry. Included in the out- lets for (Canadian dairy products in 11)28 were a growing domestac trade in eastern Ontario. Georgo A. Barr of the Ontario De« piirlmenli of Agricultiuro said that Canadian cheese has been maintain- ing its prestige in England, ami On-, lario and Quebec had built up an enviable connection in the United Kingdoni. Canada is recovering its export trade of milk and cream to the I'nited States, according to W. .S. .Stevens, oC tho Canadian Dairy i.'ouncil. He said Canadian dairy trade with the United' .States was now practically back at the old level.