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« f] .1 W WOOL I NDDSTOY OF CANADA Stead; i n>-.civss continaes to b« made in the Canadian wool industry. '•'«« Xceordinir to the estimate of the Can- ^^^'^^ *«• (160,000) ; Quebec, lo2,. ^eoMinflr to the estimate or the Oan ^^^^ ^^^ (98,000) ; Nova Scotia, 67,- «dian Co-opu.'utive Wool Growers ^(, -jjg (85,000) ; Prince Eaward Is- Ltd., the Dtmiaion wool clip of the land, 30,000 lbs. (40,000); N^w past season has been about 11,000,000 Brunswick, 19,000 lbs. (21,000). pounds, as cnirarc-:! with 10,000,000 The Eastern domestic woolj, com- Precautions Against Fire in Winter. r ~»« lu ,.^ ^nv T. 1^. 1 /^ • Read, mark, learn, and thoroughly u., 210,000 ib.. (161,CO0) I.Manitoba, ^^icle in 0»e last number of Season-, able Hints, a periodical issued threo' times a y-s.ir by tho Dept. of Agri-j culture at Ottawa. The Dominion ; Animal Husbandman, G. B. Rothwell, dealt with tho subject of farm fires and dwells on precautions against Iofs pounds in 1925, an increase of about -ng from Ontario, Quebec, and the ^y flpe during winter' As Mr.'Roth-i The Canadian Homlmaklr ^ jeri«a y weeTt^ artic/bs cousrinq. PLANNING . BUILDING . FINANCING DECORATINQ . FURNISHING . GARDENING _____^___ â€"»«> CopyrnXt me. well sugrgests that iuchouph tho men-! ace of oonflagratoons by lightning, by| carelessness of tramps, and to soniol extent by spontaneous combustion, isj removed, there is danger in winter in the very concentration of tlie work and in the increase of the dark hours. ' First comes the necessity of caro in i the use of the stablo lantern which: ten per cent. This is only the wool Maritime Provinces, have been quite as removed frrm the mature breeding up to the usual standard in thu mat- sheep and <!v. s not include any lambs' ter of length, strenf^h of staple, and or pal'fed woo'.. According to the sam« cleanliness. • The Western (iomestic authority the wool has. for the main wools, as coming from the farm sec- pert been removed in good condition^ tions, are considered the best ever pro- and there is every indication that duced there. With regard to the ran'Re gradually a superior product is com- wool of Southern Alberta and South- ing from the produeei-s of wool In this em Saskatchewan, it is stated that country. It is now only the occasional the fleeces are easily from one to one should" be I'-rt c'ean supplied with clip which reaches the market in any and a half pounds heavier than the ^j.^ ^^^^^ ^.^^ of 'oil, 'with wol-trim- way unsuitable for sale in direct com- general average of six years ago. „^ „.i<,fcs, and above all when out petition with the main grades from This is largely attributed to the wider ^{ jy^^d should be paced weU away other countries. use of fine wooled Rambouillet rams f^om the ceiling. th..> walls, and any This 13 m marked contrast to the with the Western range flocks. Gen- inflammabh material. Mr Rothwell situation a few years ago when wool erally speaking, the efforts of Govern- ^..^^ ^y^ ^.^at aside from combustion produced in Canada was offered for ments and livestock and wool growing arising during the early stage of hay eate in such an unsatisfactory state organizations to promote the sheep storage tlie best preventive methcds that even Canadian manufacturers industry in Canada would seem to be ^^„ {^ described in one word order- regarded tho domestic product with meeting with a gratifying success, indifference. In considerable measure one half op clip exported. the revolution is due to the intnoduc- i liness. Avoid artificial heathig in bams as much as possible but when Approximately half of the wool cKp absolutely necessary use the greatest the producers' own organization. To- day Canadian wool is not only used extensively in Canadian industry but i» going in ever greater extent to foreign n-.arkots. INCRKASING PRODUCTION. tion Of Government gradmg and the ^j ^^^^^ remains in the Dominion care in selection of the instrument systematicmarketing effected by the ^^^ manufacture and the remainder is us«i. in handling, in material and in Canadian Cooperative Wool Growers. ^ed According to trade returns pJacing. Mr. Rothwell urgently ad- in the twelve months ended J'uly, 1926. ^^ses no smoking in farm bui.dings Canada exported 6,456,671 pounds of and suggests thiit cards should be raw wool valued at $2,255,232, as placed in prominent positions bearing compared with 5,618,092 pounds worth the legend "No Smoking" or "Dop'L $2,426,156 in the previous correspond- Smoke." Special care with matches Ing year, and 5,935,835 pounds worth and in dumping ashes is advised. Figures of the Canadian Co-oper- $1,986,134 in the year ended July, Close outhouses rigidly at night and ative Wool (; rowers for the present 1924. Of the 1926 total 6.416,562 keep a good dog as precautions season arc indicative, not only of in- pounds worth $2,238,990 went to the against the entrance of tramps. Keep creasing production hut of a growing United States, as against 4,731,794 a good fire extinguisher and have re- conviction on the part of producers, of 'pounds worth $1,956,899 in the pre- gard to the water supply and to the the profit in consistently marketing vious year. The Unitad Kingdom in handiness of the hcsa are Mr. Roth- the wo>l on a graded basis. Ever since the past year took only 17,868 pounds weM's concluding items of counsel. 1921 &v increasing amount of the Do- worth $6,622 as compared with 873,- minJon wool clip has been coming foi^ 031 pounds wodth $463,399 in the pre- ward en cor-^ignment to the growers' vious year. own organization, for grading and That there is very broad oppor- sate on the ccasctivo basis, and 1926 tunity in wool production in Canada has made the best showing to date, is indicated in the figures of imports. Approximately 3,750,000 pounds, it is In the twelve months ended Juty last Alfalfa as a Feed. WALJCI i^VABJ Pavcv. 06O ticHnono St'cct. Uohpow .Onymm. While the writers of Bulletin No. 72 of the Dept. of Agriculture at Ot- tawa (Messre. E. S. Hopkins and W.' C. Hopper of the Field Husbandrj' Di- estimatpJ, wil! be handiled co-oper- 1 Canada imported 14,913,072 pounds of vision, Experimental Farms) do not atively this yiar as against 3,270,000 ' raw wool as against 13,827,686 pounds recommend alfalfa hay and grain pounds last year. .\!1 provinces, with in the previous year. Of the current alone as an ideal feed for covra, they the exception of the Maritimes, have ' year's total 5,855,393 pounds came point out that at certain experimental registered increases. . from the United States and 5,228,012 . stations in the United States alfalfa Following aro the wool consign- pounds from the United Kingdom.' and concentrates have given as good ments to the Canadian Co-operative^ This is a volume greater than the en-, results as when corn silage has been Wool Growers in VJ?.G, with the tig- â-  tire Dominion production and suggests fed in addition. They think that in ures for 1925 in iirackets: â€" .'Vlberta. ' the need of exjpansion te meet domes- districts where alfalfa will grow satis- I^fOOOOO lb». (1,550,000); Ontario, ' tic needs without regard to the possi- factorily it might be used to advan- 700,000 lbs. (740,000) ; Saskatchewan, bilities of export tage to replace the hay (usually red â€" â-  =^^ clover, alsike and timothy) and pas- professors from agricultural colleges. ^ ture frequently employed with grain representatives of live stock associa- as a cropping practice. Unless tho tions, packers, railway men and the 'and is well supplied with fertility in Canadian • C-ouncil of Agricultui-e, such a practice the writers say the should be sufficient to commend the yields of hay and pasture become so practice and to erasure its general small as to be unprofitable, adoption. "Experience has proven," While pointing out that on soil to runs tho resolution, "the great advan-l which it is adapted alfalfa not only bnge from every standpoint of dehorn- ' K'vcs a much larger yield per aero corn, grain ami clover hay used In ling commercial cattle, and this con-, ^l^^'^ other hay crops but also possess- that order. This >hort rotation they fereneo is of the opinion that a great ^^ superior feeding quality, Messrs. point out is a Anirably suited to main-; benefit would accrue to the livestock' Hopkins and Hopper wish it to be tain th« ferti'ity of the soil. The j industry if all commercial cattle were r^'"*"'^<-''"^<' ^^"â- ^ alfalfa pasture has clover crop coming once every three . dehorned." The resolution then goes '' toiidsncy to bloat ruminant animals, years holps to maintain the nitrogen ' on to appeal for the support of alii'*"^ that, consequently, con.^iderablo and organic matter supply of the soil, interested and the encouragement of , <^'""*' «hould te e.xorcisoj in placinjf The rotaticm, the authors also say, is dehorning of commercial cattle be- them on tjio pasture. They add that not suited to the average farmer be- ' tween March 15 and April 15 or dur-! '* might be advisable to have in adiii- cause it contains a rather Iwrtrer Jug the month of October. tion to the alfalfa some mi.xed clover The pamphlet proves that not only, and timothy pasture, both from the' ai\) better prioes obtained for de- 1 standpoint of the avoidance of bloat- ' horned cattle, but that serious losses' '"S when the alfalfa was wet and as able to feed the cattle indoors the are avoided, that the cattle feed bet-!* protection against winter-killkig. entire year or where other land is' ter, making greater gains, are in more' â- Â« availiable for pasture. I demand, are in greater comfort them- They advise tho application of farm j selves and are easier to nandle. An maniure for the benefit of the corn j extra large commission finn is quoted crop. Unless the land is too rolling as saying: "No single step or opera- It is customary to spread the manure ; tion in the handling of cattle yields bigger returns in money than the single act of dehorning." -' THIS SEMI-DETACHED HOME B DIFFERENT A Rotation for Dairy Farmers. A three-year rotation that Messrs. E. S Hopkins and W. C. Hopper, of the .*"ix'ld Husb-andry Division of the Dominion Experimental Farms, re- commend to dairy farmers who re- quire much silage and pos'sess only a small acivage of land, consists of JIauy semi-detached homes possess I'ery marke<l antl obj-ectiouablo tene- luem characte-r liut Uie teudpnc.v of this design is to create the imiuession of a private realUen-co Instead of ac- cantuating the fact that it is nou The cottage roof, lor instance, and the well separated front eutranoes both ooutrd- bute to this effect. The small porclio.s are also an in- tepestlng deiiarture fixjni the full width verandah which line become such a coiumou and deplorable feature of houses of tills type. They afford much moro privacy and do not obstruct tho â-  ni/T rvoff ruiM By Walter Stuart Pavey, Architect HvlnK room llghl. , ! The dimensions are 42 ft. x 2S ft. ' ' Hollow- tile backing and brick are sug- ' gestea for the lirsl lioor walls with lioUow tile and white stucco above. ; This permits the interior plaster to bo I applied direct to tlip tile or it may bo , j furred and straiipe^l. and then lathed I and plastered in the usual way. ; f Good quality ce<iar shingles should i I be used on tho roof. A very striking and attractive effect can be obtained , j by having the shiagles dipped in â-  several shades of brown and some i\&d but remember also that the suocess cf such a treatment depends on random . variegatfou uud should u-.jver suggest having been studleJ. The well iiroportioned casfinent win- dows, witii stiilionary i^huttera ;inrt window Iwxes paiute.i a brlfjhi green, are not only ixlea-iiiig from a strictly detail vi<«vix)int but blend in iverfeot harmony with tho enoeiuble. It may seem rather "do tix>p" to meintion that the window .sills are of brick with the ; iH-ick laid on edge, but if the <?lÂ¥eot I>b ; good -surely the cruise is important. I The iloor plans .siluav that tho house 'at the right Is sightly larger than iha ' other. It is not notioeahlo fi-om tli« pers'peciive, which Is absolutely sjtiv- metrical in evei-y respect, but you will notice In the plans that the dividing partition way is neai'er the wiudowa at the left. However, the layout aun-li hoii.'ie ppovides tho same acoom- mod a I ion and coaveuieu<'e as re^ai^ds the number and position of Uie rooms. Headers desiring further Informa- tion regHniiiig iiK< ixians and specill- oationa tor ihie house siiould oommunl- cato with the axchltect dir'-'cc. .Vd- d'reisa. Walter Stuart Pavey. 3S0 lUeh- mgud St., L<ondon, Out. • M^iceti rtMu. rvM* acreage of corn and a smaller -acreage of hay than is desiix-d and is only applicable where ;t is thought advis- THE PRETTIEST ROOM EN THE HOUS on the sod land during the winter and to plow it under in the spring. The foregoing, it should be stated, is taken from Bulletin No. 72. publish- ed by the Dept. of ."Vgriculture at Ot- tawa, consisting of 57 pages dealing with crop rotations and soil manage- Skim Milk for Laying Hens. A four-year test at the Nappan. N. ment in Eaivtem Canad*a and procur- , g Experimental Farm shows that ab* without cost by applying to the ^^j^ ^^j^ has a very high feeding Publications Branch of the Depart- ment. A four-year rotation described in value for laying hens. The experi-, ment was conducted in order to deter- 1 mine the relative value of beef scrap; the btilletin adds pasture to the rota-|^„^ ^y^, ^i,^ ^, ^ ^^^^^ „j ^„j^„l tion, but otherwise only ^"ff*" from : ^^j^ f^,. ;t ^ho hens used in the thre^year rotation in that the ; ^^e test were divided into two pens hay crop 18 a..owed to stand two years : ^^ f^j ^ ..^^^.^^ ^^^j,, ^j^ture and Instead of being plowed after one crop : ^ ^^^ q^^ „ ^^^ j^^,, (^^ of hay bas been secured. Then fo.Iowi^^^^ ;„ addition and the other skim descriptions of five and six-year roto-j,„ii,^ B^^,, i-eceived ail the tions, combination, double and other rotations and a great deal of matter on soil and methods of cultivations. Why Cattle Should Be Dehorned. Experience ha.s abundantly proven that the man who otfers horned com- mercial cattle for sate is acting dlsadvantageously to his own inter- ests. In this connection the Chief of the Dominion Live Stock market in- tsllifi^nce division and the Dominion Animal Husbandman of the Experi- mental Farms. Messrs. P. E. Light and G. B. Rothwell I'espectively, in a pamphlet numbered 16 that is being reissued, at Ottawa, and can be ob- tained at no cost by addressing the Pufblications Branch there, catJ upon breeders and farmers generally to "cater for higher market prices." Qlustrationa showing benefits derived by the cattlp. themselvee emphasize tha subject, but the reasoning: employ- ad more than justify the wisdom of Mtorning. Apart from the material gains â- hown b;' the pampUet the foSlowing reso^tien unanimously adopted at a Veftc* of Kovvnuaaati^ chiefs^ Peats for Greiin and Fodder. The glowing of peas has dropped to ' a '.ow place on many Canadian farms. ' With a view to securing more pro- , ductive varieties, the Experimental ' Farms have been crossing some of the " sorts that were largely grown years ago. More than thirty years ago a j variety of exceptional merit was pro- '. duced from a cross between Mummy i and Black-eyed Marrowfat. A pure I line selection of this cross-bred var- ; iety was given the designation of ; Mackay Ottawa Number 2o. In com- j parative trial plots on pi-actically all 1 of the Branch Fai-ms as well as at i Ottawa, for several years, this sort has produced large yields both of j grain and straw. Tho peas are creamy ^ in color but rather darker than most [ sorts and curry the black eye of the ; old Marrowfat. This variety yields well both of grain and straw making | it an excellent fodder crop when sown with such varietie.'i of oats as Banner or C.'^.C. No. 72, which take about the s.ame number of days to ripen. This mixture is giving excellent results in the form of hay for feeding to dairy BY ETHEL CARPENTER, When I fli-st went to housekeeping through. I made these curtains on I made up my mind thiit my kitchen' rings, and at night I pulled them to- would be the pnittiest room in the gether for privacy, a plea.sant prac- house. There was nothing convention- tice which dispensed with the need of al al>out the kitx-hen; in fact, the fliwr window .shades. Three tiny rag rugs plan of the room wasn't even squai-ed, in blue and red and black atlded a having three straight sides and one note of clocoration to my n(n>r as well diagonal one. The walls and wood- as relieving !he wear on those much- work wei-e in a shocking condition; i.sed section."; in front of the sink, the dresser wms straight in front, table and stove. whereas the wall back of it vvasj With such fine beginnings it was an diagonal; there wasn't even a drain- l^^asy matter to decide to use paint of ing board by the sink. l-i g^ft cherry pose for the interiors of And yet the i-oom had three lovely ,„y yu^ dresser and the interiors of windows from which could be .seen I ^ uftchen cabinet which h(fd beefi done wide country views. Window view.s of „„ the outside in cream color to match the out-of-doors couut so in kitchens , ^^^^ ^y.j.;j. „f ^^^ room. Two wooden where much work is bo be done every icj^aj,-..? and a stool were painted oherrv day. rose too. I just loved to work in this room, and perhaps that is why 1 canned more than 1 really needed during the first summer, for I saw teveral hun- water they could take. Taking the average of four years the profit jier bird over feed cost was $1.67 for the skim milk pen and 1.13 for the pen receiving beef scrap. The hens re- ceiving skim milk laid considerably more eggs and cost slightly less for «>*"••' »"«• o'her sitock. The Dominion feed than did the ffthers. | Cerealist announces in his i-eport for I I 1925, available at tho Publications Branch, Ottawa, that a large number of farmers were this year .supplied with seed of this variety for testing on their own farms. And 1 countetl on mine not only to make working hours pass pleasantly â- but to inspire me to build in my room a proper frame of beauty ai-oiind 1,,' ,, , I !• 1 It „ 1 dred jars of fruit, vegetnbl'es and prt^- The first vsar or so I didn t spend „ 4 r j ^ r u 1 ^ , ' 1 i. 1. • I J I serves gradual.y and co.orfullv take much money on my kitchen; instead 1 ,. . . i ,i, \ , ^ J. \. \. _• 1 n Nu .»..:„» their Uiace along the shelves in mv created what magic 1 could with paint j , ,, ^ dresser and cellarway. So often we hear kitchens discussetl The Agricidtural Representa- 1 tive Says â€" ' What to do on a rainy day? \ Always keep a list of the things that can be done in tho shop or barn. and gay flowery stuff at tile windows. Everything I did counted, and count- ed big. AWAY WITH HULL KITCHENS. I water-tinted the walls in cream; these had been pink and were flaking badiv; but when I f-nw them in their .... , • . ^v'dre.^ I was encouraged to paint '» \^ 'jo^'^* '^ J"^^ ^^'^''^J^^; «"'^ . old dirtv yellow woodwork a lovely " '^^^^"'-y are tendered it. So let u.s from the side of efficiency alone. But how can any room be a hundi'od p<!r cent, efficient if it is not lieautiful too? And the kitchen, of all ixioms, may be, as I know, the prettiest room Our Non-Freezing Pump. We have a pump in our horse lot now the old dirty yellow woodwork a lovely peacock blue, which I made by mixing together light blue and itorch-chair green â€" two-thirds of the former to one-third of the latter. 1 painted my floor a greenish blue too, but to this have done with dull kitchens once and for all, striving instead for ofTiects which radiate sun.shine and cheer. When we think of the (plaint old colonial kitchens with their wide How many of your tools are under that was frozen up about half thej shelter now? time in winter. Wo put tho cylinder No man can live by one crop alone. al)out four feet below the ground sur-| Your community reilwits what you face and then drilled a small hole! are and what you believe. j about the size of a shingle nail justj 'Tis about stock-taking time. i above the cylinder in the pipe. That Don't let January sHp up on youj yrnt two years ago and we have r. vcr without taking an inventory Limed lan.l produces without a grouch. You'll never find any money in farming â€" you'll have to work for it Mttke a map of your farm, showing fields and rotations. If at first you don't sucoasd, lime and then sow clovar. had it freeoe yet We also had tlie same trouble with our pipes leading to our tank under ground when the pipes would freeae. We finally made a falsd well at the lowest point of this pipe and put in a small hole to let the water drip out. We haven't had any moro trouble with frozen pipes and pumps. â€" B. J. ini.\ture 1 added enough varnish to hearths, their hanging crane.<» and insure good wear as a kltchcn-fioor burnished copper, their settles of pine finish, giving tlie floor tAvo coats and and tables of deal- kitchens which proroiPing it a fresh one about twice have been honored in clat.'^ic poem and each vear. pmse, iuid which are now found wor- I was amazed at tho diffeienco al- thy of being repi-oduced not oiily in ready to bo seen in the beauty of my museums but in tho homes of people kitehen. So I set out with a real thrill Who can afford such reproductions of to choose my curtains nnd my little 'lunintness-^ perhaps we re:;'i?.e more rag rugs. I found just the curtain [wsltively than ever l)efoi-e that the material to lend sparkle to my l>cauty a.<> well as the efficiency of our sclieme; it was a cretonne, showing a kitchens is very near the heart and sweeping design of birds and flowers ideals of oiir land. And whether we in omnge red. black' and blue on a strive for a lieauty which is repro- cream ground, the design straggling duced or a beauty depending upon a sufficiently over the surface to al'ow colorful simplicity or whetlier we de- ptenty of tho cream color to showipe"<> "?<"' <*'"â-  *'^» planning, we may u~el .sure that out eiTorts will ha worth whi'.o and it'paid by lovely lesults. I In nivswxM- to the simplest planning i any Icitchen at all can be made heauti- ' ful. For every kitchen has walls, woodwork, windows and (1<x>r, the beat places for begiTining real kitchen ' beauty. .â- Vs a further aid to real ef- fect, in a kitchen there isn't the temp- tation to tie too iirv-tentious; this room cannot err .as can so many others through toeing too o^•e^stufT«<^ *>r too gilded or too plushod. COLORFUL EKPIClENCY. Here in the kitchen you have simple I things like spindled chairs ami rag ruga to deal with; you mu.v have \ paint, nnd chintz, and ix)W8 of alumi- num pans so weld scoured th'ey are as beautiful as pewter. You may onjoy the efficiency of tiers of convenient kitchen-cabinet units, and you may enjoy also thejvay you have painted ; thoni yourself to go with wur own ' color scheme. Kitchen color schemes shoul.d t>e sufficiently decorctivo to afford in- tense ploasiu'e as everyday duties aro done: it costs nothing nioiv. really, to choose kitchen crockery of yvl'ow when the woodwork of the kitchen is blue; it takes no extra time, really, to thriJl with the joy of fixing roL and yol'.ow and gi-een salad on a targe â-  plate of green. Curtains used in the kitchen may , be as colorful as de.*ired, whether pat- . terned or plain; but usually if there are valances these should he fulled rather than fitted. (I'urtain material, of course, should l>e washnl>l<^, but cretcnnes, calicoes, chintzes, ginghams and prints copying cheaply old toiies de .louey, as a rule may be tubbed iniv«it successfully; it is the .'.imp''sst matter in the world U> wash a sample before purchasing the goods. Pots of flowers on the window i-iiift may Ive p'janned to accent the color scheme. A pewter pLate or so, .-^oinc caiidlos-tlcks of brass, the reciiw books in new jackets of calico or ere '.on no, iiome colorful bits of china pick-cvl up I for the inire joy each iftfords, may I lend spscial beauty to hanging wall I shelves or shelves bracketed i>. some j odd wali space just waiting for such j improvement. .^nts in South America b.-'.'f- 'nvn known to construct a tuni;>l three I mi .es ,ong.