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STRETCH THE MANU RE PB£ Some HinU on How This May be Done on the Average Farm. BY O. B. PRICE. While manure is not a balanced plant food, nevarthelees it should all be saved and applied economically. Enough manure is not produced to meet the needs of the average farm- er. Where the supply is limited it is better to apply four to six tons per acre over the entire field rather than use a heavy application over a small- er area. The efficiency per ton of manure is greater where the small appUeations are used. After manure is produced, great eare should be observed in preventing the" loss of the plant food elements. Bacteria are constantly working in manure, liberating much of the am- monia. This loss can readily be de- tected by the strong odor of ammonia In th* bam. This is a product of de- compoihtion and fermentation. It can be prevented to a great extent by packing or keeping thoroughly moist. This slows up or prevents the bac- terial action which Hberatea the am- monia. Manure in a thoroughly dry and compact condition, j>r thoi-oughly wet, does not ferment'' very fast. When it is moderately moist the bacterial action is fastest. Much of the value of manure is also lost by weathering and leaching. In addition to large amounts of nitro- gen being lost, much phosphoric acid, potash and organic matter are wash- ed away from the manure piles that are allowed to remain in the bam lot unprotected. Liquid manure, which contains much nitrogen and potash, is often lost through the drainage waters around the barn. Phosphoric acid- does not leach awa^ to as great an extent as does nibro- gen or potash. Much of the plant food -in manure can be saved by immediate applica- tion to the land. The topography of the land, of coursd, ia an important factor. When matiure is spread on hillsides there is danger of consider- able loss by erosion unless it is work- ed weli into the soil. This should be done immediately after application. Applications during the winter should be delayed if possible. When applied on the snow much of the plant food is carried away with the melting â- now. If it is kept compact or wet, or if it ^freezes there is little loss through fermentation. Where the land is level it can be applied at al- most any time convenient and can be hauled directly from the barn. Manure should be evenly spread for best results. This Is difficult to do without a manure spreader. In some places it is the practice to haul to the field, put into small pi'jes, and then spread from these piles by hand. There is no advantage to this, but it does increase the labor cost. The value of manure can be great- ly increased by the addition of some â- einforcing material. Gypeum or land plaster, rock phosphate and acid phosphate are commonly used. Arid phosphate is the best to use. Besides taking up much of the ammonia, which would be lost through fermen- tation and leaching, it adds an avail- able form of phosphoric acid to the manure. This is important, for ma- nure is low in phosphoric acid. When acid phosphate is used at the rate of forty to fifty pounds per ton of ma- nure it supplies plenty of available phosphoric acid for the average crops. Limestone may be used with manure but it will not have the same effect on the ammonia that acid phosphate does. Hydrated lime should never be used in direct contact with an appli- cation of manure, foe it has a tend- ency to liberate aAflitional ammonia. It is much betfc^ to apply any kind of lime s,enf<aai«\y. It ma^»*a Httlc di^ff-^ce'lf the ma- I£rS BRWG LAST YEAR'S CLOTHES UP TO DATE BY EDITH M. BURTIS. How to convert last year's clothes into this year's modes is not the rid- dle that on first thought it may seem to be, and 1 am hopeful that the fol- lowing suggestions will serve to In- spire ways and means for your re- modeling problems. True, the straight-line silhouette Cut these insert sections the length desired, including a hem allowance In width to match the hem of the dress and about eight and three-quarters inches wide, which width vrill allow for two plaits each two inches wide and for an adequate seam allowance on each edg^ of three-eighths of an has had to take second place in favor inch. of the flared silhouette. But since I The next step in the remodeling there are several variations of the | process is to join the plait insert sec- flare and many of these are easily at- tion to each edge of the skirt open- I tained, the change in line need cause | ing, then meet these edges at the no anxiety to the woman who must I centre of the insert and carefully and utilize every garment as long as there neatly press the plaits thus formed nur^Mlk ^^^d *under or used as a tpp^ffessing. This will depend upon a. wjaere it is to be used. When used iipPcr com it is best to plow it under, when used for wheat it is generally put on as a top-dressing. A light dressing of manure on the soil for clovers and alfalfa seedings is a great aid in establishing a good stand. There is danger, however, of intro- ducing noxious weeds when this is done. Well-rotted manure is best for top-dressing for it contains fewer weed seeds. Use the manure on the lighter and less productive spots on the farm. Much of the nitrogen and organic matter can be supplied in this way. It should be kept in mind, however, that additional phosphoric acid is needed to make a balanced plant food. NEW CANADIAN PRIMA DONNA This is Miss Loretta McBwen, soprano, chcaeH out of a hundred Canadian oompetltors, as posaesalng the great^t possibilities for an operatic career. With her Is Captain Clews, of the Canadian Pacific liner Melita. Miss Mc- Ewen la on her way to Paris to study her art, under Madame Pauline Donalda, world-famed songstress. The competition in which Miss McEwen was successful was. held recent- ly in Montreal. Voices from all over the Dominion were heard by Madame Donalda, who adjudicated. Miss McEv/eu posseesee a soprano voice of great range and power, Is a good actrees, well educated, speaks BYench and Engllh fluently and Is con- versant with Italian and Spanish. Madame Donalda has expressed the opinion that there Is a great career before the singer just brought Into the limelight. Mlse McEwen Is the daughter of Mr. WllUom McEwen, of Outremont, Montreal. On her father's side the descent la Scotch and on her mother's It ifl French. "I hope I shall bring credit to Canada," were her farewell words to friends seeing her off on the Melita, which sailed from Montreal. > I •/ T 9. The Storage of Apples. It is a rare thing to find an apple grower who is equipped with a really satisfactory and adequate storage pj^aiLt. Sometimes it is impossible for a grower to have such a plant, be- cause he cannot afford it; but most of us, if we really put our minds to it, might very decidedly improve on what we have. And if we cannot doj it now, then we ought at least to have i the matter very definitely in mind j and be planning for such a storage j when the time comes. A really good storage which will i keep our apples in perfect condition | right through the season would revo-' lutionize the apple business. It would I put our product in the consumers' | hands in better condition, thereby j encouraging consumption ; it would I extend the period over which we would j have apples for sale, which would | also increase consumption; it would make us measurably independent of buyers and market conditions by en- abling us to hold our crops when prices were not satisfactory. Last April the writer had the plea- sure of eating a Mcintosh apple in •bsohitely perfect condition, though thA normal season for that variety is I ^^tober and November. It had been { ^^^kept in a farm storage, but a good j one. What would not such a storage | on every apple farm do for the apple Industry? Now, we cannot all have' such storages, but we can make a ' •tart j What are the essentials of such a> storage? What shall wo aim at? I Perhaps the two most important ' points to consider, so far as causing ' the apples to keep well, are temper- ' •ture and moisture. It has been ' shown that a temperature of about ' 85 degrees, which is as low as ws can usually expect to get an unrefriger- ' ated storage, will be quite satisfac- tory, and we ought to aim to secure this temperature in our storage room Just as early in the autumn as pos- rtble. By keeping the cellar open and well ventilated on cold nights and closing it in the morning it is possible in many orchard sections to ; force the temperature down to a sur- 1 prisingly low po'nt in a relatively short time. i As to moisture, apples will usually keep best in a fairly moist atmoe-} phsre, 80 per cent humidity being' perhaps the best for most varieties and cmdiUons. This means that wei should avoid a concrete floor unless we have special means to keep the] idr mviist. i A third point of decided importanc* | In a storage room is ventilation, since | stagnant air is not conducive to the best keeping of fruit. i-tHher points to be k<i«pt in mind in tkis storage of ours are adequate pro- tastion against extreme cold, if one is tn a section where this is likely to occur-'-to be secured most easily by dead air spaces; protection against changed in temperature, which are •Iwaya objectionable; an J guarding Bfainst any type, of heating. The a^ve is only sugfestiTe. Stecu Sweet Clover Cultivation. In his pamphlet on "Sweet Clover," Mr. Derick of the Brandon, Man., Dominion Experimental Farm throws out some suggestions deserving of consideration not only in his own province, b^ generally elsewhere. After alluding to the fact that the value of sweet clover as a soil builder has been definitely proved, Mr. Der- ick says : Sweet clover can be depend- ed upon for good yields of hay under almost any conditions of soil and climate; as a pasture it has a carry- ing capacity unequalled by most crops; it ia an abundant seed pro- pages with seven plates and can be had free on application to the Pub- lications Branch, Ottawa. Outbreaks of the beetle have been reported in the Gaape «PeninBula, Que., the Al- goma district in Ontario, in northern Manitoba, northern Saskatchewan, northern Alberta, and in some parts of British Columbia. Flowers in Winter. Boys, and especially girls, you should have a vase of fiowers or loaves on the centte-table all the year round. It brightens the room and makes it look more homelike. In Sep- age is one of our vital problems and we shall solve it most quickly if a lot of us get to work on the solution. >> Improvement in Canadian Bacon. Canada normally produces more pork than she consumes. Great Bri- tain provides the only market for our surplus, and the future of our pork industry depends, therefore, on our ability to produce a commodity that the British market will buy. The best seller of all pork products on that market is the good quality bacon side, generally known as "Wiltshire." Sensing the need for improvement in our export bacon, about three years ago the Dominion Dept of Agricul- ture launched a bacon hog campaign which includes the grading of live hogs at packing houses and stock yards, demonstrations in hog grading at country shipping points, demon- strations on export bacpn sides, win- ter short courses at country points and at packing plants, the organiza- tion of boys' and girls' swine clubs and of bacon hog fairs, and assistance in the filling of orders for pure bred boars and sow stock of bacon type. The success ot this campaign has been striking. In 1924 there were 89,000 more hogs marketed which graded select bacon than in 1923, and there has been a remarkable improve- ment in the quality of hogs in the second or "thick smooth" grade. Canada's commercial position over- seas has also greatly improved in the consistent narrowing in the price be- tween top Danish and top Canadian bacon. A Canadian packing house entered Wiltshire sides at the London Dairy Show last autumn and the autumn before and carried off pre- mier honors each year. In 1924 the marketing of hogs was the heaviest in the history of this country yet the price levels for the concluding weeks were the highest of the year, this be- ing due to our ability to export our surplus to advantage and to increased domestic consumption, the direct re- sult of improvement in quality. cwv=, " .= »" »v.u..^a..^ ^,7.^ f,^ tember and October there are many ducer; It can be made into silage, but ^^^ ^^^j^^^ ^^.j^ fall-leaves to prevent s.immess requires further L^ J j^^ beautiful. For November maturity or to be m«ed with some ^^^ chrysanthemums or branches of dry roughage; early seeding is re- j^^^^^j^^j ;^^^^^ Learn to make your commended ;_ when a nurse crop is . ^^^^^ ^^^^^ ^^^.^^^^ Massing tho usedlOorlopounA3ofc.ove*seedp€.i.^^^^^^^ ^^^„ ^j^^ ^jy^^« Let acre is a satisfactory rate of seed- ^j^^ ^^^^ ^„j ^j^^ beautiful foliage ing; shalow seeding .s preferab.e ^j^^^ j^ j ^j, ^^^^^ ^j^^ ^^^ provided the seedbed is meUow and,^^^ .^ ^^^ schools how to arrange firm; seedmg with a nurse crop at ^^^^^ ^^^ ^^j^ ;^ ^^jj^^ ..g^^ ^^. is a possible chance of remodeling it In fact, the flare offers excellent re- modeling suggestions. Take for example the conversion of a straight-line slip-on-over-the-head dress into a jumper frock to be worn over shirt blouses or guimpes. It is an easy matter to cut out the front and the underarms by putting the dress to be thus remodeled on a dress form or on some person of sim- ilar dR6 and shape, and, with a tape measure and pins, marking the exact depth an-d s^ping that will convert the old frock into a jumper. Nejct mark these lines with chalk or with a basting thread and then cut away the material to effect the shaping de- sired, leaving, however, a seam allow- ance of one-quarter or three-eighths of an inch. Finish the edges with a narrow bias facing, preferably of silk. If a cord is inserted in the bias facing it will prevent the armhole and neck- line from stretching or tearing. The pockets may be procured from the piece cut out of the front of the dress, To get the skirt flare may not seem so simple a procedure, though it real ly is an easily done bit of work. Open the side seams of the dress to the height desired, which may need to be governed to some extent by the material available, but in any case be content, since flares of all descrip- tions are fashionable and you can make no mistake, However, it is more than likely that these plait sections must of necessity be of a different material, so, as a concrete example, let ua assume that the plait flare will start at the hips into position, fastening the insert section at the top by stitching or fell- ing neatly to the dress. GEORGETTE FOR DKESS-UP FROCKS. Or if the straight dress to be re- modeled is of a character suitable to use as A dress-up dress, as for in^ stance one of the printed silks that have been so fashionable the past summer, it is pleasing to know that it can be transformed into a modlsh- ly flared frock by the aid of shirred inserts of georgette and without an- undue expenditure of time and effort. Four inserts are a sufficient num- ber to give an entirely, new line and' an up-to-date appearance to an old frock, provided each shirred section is not less than half a yard wide. The height of these sections should be determined by the figure require- monta of the wearer, though the hip- hjgh inserts are safer for all types of figure.. Make those sections and arrange them before cutting away the material of the frock underneath,' since this ia an easier method than the plan of first cutting the dress, which would probably be tha method to come first to mind. A scarf of the georgette fastened under the collar and looped at tho back will add to the dressiness of the frock, or, if preferred, this scarf may be adjusted so that it will tie at the: front. Two strips of georgette about nine inches wide, each strip one yard in length, are required, and machine pdcot-edge finish is preferable to a rolled hem, though tho latter finish may be used if it is not possible to have picoting done. jin" â€" meaning God, universe and man. There is a deep and wonderful significance in this. Flowers sure'jy slightly less than the normal pate is economical'; cutting the ci-op in the early bud stage, leaving a four or five-inch stubble will make the most : ^^^^ ^^^ ^^j ^^ ^j^ j^ j^^ ^^^^ palatable hay and a.low for a second , ^j^^^^. ^^ ^^ ^^^ ^^.^^ ^ ^^^ growth; harvesting with he binder : ^^j^^ ..^^^ ^^ ^^^^ bouquets or raise and curing in the sheaf wul preserve ^^^^^ ^^^^^ j„^^^ refinement A the maximum amount of leaves and j^ ^j,^ j.^^g j^^.^^ ^o they big reduce the cost of hand.ing the crop; j^^^^ ^„ ^j,^ mountains or pansies in brome grass has advantages over , n,„ther's garden, has the makings of other grasses as a mixture with sweet clover; growing sweet clover in intertilled rows for sasd production is recommended; inoculation of the seed is inexpensive and is advisable on the newer fields. Control of the Bark Beetle. Writing of the bark beetle and its control in Eastern Canada, Dr. J. M. Swaine, Associate Dominion Entom- ologist, advises that during the latter part of the summer and in autumn Best Bulbs for Fall Planting. Flowers are, no doubt, enjoyed more in the spring than at any other period of the growing season. After a long winter the first flowers are eagerly sought for and if bulbs have been planted in the autumn one has not long to wait for flowers for Snowdrops bloom as soon as the snow has gone. Then come in rapid succes- sion, and some at the same time, the Scillas or Squills, Glory of the Snow or Chionadoxa, Crocus, Grape Hya- cinth, Dutch Hyacinth, Narcissus in groat variety, and early, cottage and Darwin Tulips. These give a suc-| cession of bloom from early in April, ' or earlier' if the frost is ' out of the ground, until well on in June. | While the bulbs are growing in ! Holland, the flowers for next j'ear are being formed in the bulb. Later, the bulbs are dug, cured and .shipped to Canada. Knowing that the flowers This loss is preventable. are already formed in the bulbs be- ; Treatment for Stinking Smut of i fo^Q planting, he who proposes either , a gentleman.- -C. P. S. Lost $1,600,000. By the farmers of Ontario, through sowing seed wheat infested with the spores of Loose Smut and Stinldng Smut. t?aiPSE •^-ji^ Wheat â€" Remove all smut balls by the i to grow them in ths garden or pot use of a good and properly adjusted | them for the house will readily under- fanning mill, or by placing the seed \ stand that large, well-developed bulbs ,^, .,.,,:,' grain, a bushel at a time, in a tub of i are likely, to give better flowers than before it is safe to burn, the infested | .^^tor and stirring. The smut balls | small ones. In ordering this should bark can be removed quickly .with a , ^eing light will rise to the surface I bo remembered. No amount of care narrow spade, such as those used in fire-fighting. But, Dr. Swaine adds, it has proved cheaper and more ef- fective to saw up the tree and burn it whenever the fire hazard permits. Burning also destroys the secondary beetles that undoubtedly play an im- portant part in the outbreaks. If the trunk is peeled it may be salvaged for pulp several years after it be- comes infested and for lumbeir if wood-boring beetles have not already entered it The treatise- on the destructive bark beetle makes a pamphlet of thirty and can be skimmed off. When the j can add more blooms to a hyacinth smut balls are removed treat the seed spiko than were formed when the with formalin as follows : Place the bulb was growing in Holland. i wheat to be treated in a pile on tho Unless the bulbs are well rooted in barn floor and shovel it over into 1 the soil outside or in the pots in the another pile, and as the shovelling is j house, the results will not be satis- going on spray with a solution con- 1 factory, hence the desirability of ob- sisting of one part formalin and 40 taining them as soon as they are parts water. Use this solution at the offered for sale in the stores, which rate of one pint to twenty-five bushels | will be during the month of Septem- of seed. A small quart sealer sprayer is the beat for this use. Cover the treated- grain with sacks for 4 or 5 hours and then sow. Sacks and drill should also be treoted. It seems to me that farmers who do not work with their agricultural representative and use the free cor- respondence. courses of their agricul- tural colleges are missing a lot of profitable information that may be had for the asking. â€" Oliver Summers. Paint or automobile enamel can work wonders on a buffet set. Per- haps you have a well-shaped bowl and a pair of candle sticks that do not match. The materials of which they are coR>posed need not neces- sarily be the same. Give each a coat of black or dark bl.ue enamel and see what a lovely buffet set will result â€"Mrs. E. C. CAMPING WITH THE FARM WAGON BY HIRAM H. SHEPARD. All of us have a little of the Indian, i dry the weather, to take along a good- the primitive savage, in us yet .\nd i sizfed tarpaulin, or canvas, to protect it is a feood thing for our bodies and the campers and outfit from possible for our minds that we still possess ' rain. To support the canvas over the some savage nature. It keeps us | wagon, cut two poles about as thick closer to the ground, closer to Mother ; as your arm and eight to ten feet Nature, where we are healthier, j long to stand up V fashion at front stronger and happier. i and rear of the wagon, cro.«sing and We older and younger boys M'ks to binding the tops with baling wire, get away from the hard grind and ! Then cut a pole a little heavier than stiff mechanics of the farm. ; these stakes, about twelve feet long. We like to go camping as many ', to serve as a ridgepole. The support- times of the year as we can. One of Ing poles should be sharpened at the the very best ways is to go in the lower ends for sticking ia the ground THE IsiKW MOLiK HAS A !• LAKE. Photographs have been taken by means of a solid steel ball in place of an ordinary lens. The light goer roun^ inttsnd of tkrongk, this nevsi SMtal tons. farm wagon. The best camping place, of course, is along some good-sized creek, lake or river in the thickest woods you can find. With a team and wagon you can go anywhere. Two boys, even four, can sleep like tope in the wagon box on a bed of hay or straw. With a high-wheel farm wagon, a dandy cot for two can bo slung underneath from the wagon axles. Sleeping on the ground is all right in dry, warm weather, but not for damp ground and cool nights. It is al-srsjrs vsU, no SMttsr how AH sholud bp wired to the wagon to make tho whole frame firm. Over the ridgepole the canvas is spread. In the abeenoe of other covering for our camp wagon, we have often taken and used the platform and ele- vator binder canvases. Burlap bags ripped and. spread out and sewed to- gether wiUl wrapping twine make good end fl^ees for a v tent ber. Tulips, narcissus and hyacinths should be planted from four to six inches deep to the bottom of the bulb,' and about the same distance apart, j while the smaller bulbs, such as snow- i Straight lines combined with th« drops, ci-ocuscs, and squi.ls, may be side flare assume a charming effect ir, planted about two inches apart and this coat-dre.ss of becoming design. from two to three inches deep. | The deap rover in jabot effect crosses Some of the most satisfactory var- the front in a diagonal line and term- ioties of the more important bulbs for, inntes in a graesful cascade at the the garden are: -eft hip. A vestee is set under the V Narcissusâ€" Emperor, Sir Watkin,! neck, and the long tailored sleeves are Madame do Graaft", Madame Plemp, | button-trimmed. The diagram pic- Poeticus. 1 tures the simplicity of this frock. Hyacinthâ€" L.1 Grandesse, Gi^nd j wl^h the home sewer will dtlight to Lilaa, King of the Blues, Gigantca, make. Np. 1190 is in sizes ;!6, 38, 40, Roise des Beiges. I ^2 and 44 inches bust Size .38 bust Early Single Tulipsâ€" Duchess de requires 4^4 yards of OC.-inch, or 3 Parma, Gold Finch, Keizerskr3or., ! yards of 54-inch material without Lady Boreel, Maes, Cottage Maid, Sir , figure or nap. For dress without Thos. Lipton, Prospsrine, Golden , drapery % yard less matorial is re- Qucen. quired Price 20 cents. Early Double Tulips â€" Couronno! Many .styles of smart apparel may d'Or, Imparator Rubrorum, Murillo.jbe found in our Fashion Book. Our CotUge Tulips â€" Maci-ospiola, Gol- desigfier.s originate their pntturns In den Crown, Picotee, and many others. | the heart of. tho style centres, and Darwin Tulipsâ€" Bartigon, Clara | their creations are those of tested Butt, Farncorabe Sanders, Isis, Ed- . popularity, brought within the means mec, Frons Hals, Millet, Wm. Pitt, | of the average woman. Price of the Grctchen. I hook 10 cents the copy. HOW TO ORDER PATTERNS. Write your namj <ind :tddrcse plain* ly, giving number and size of such pattern J as you want To make mashed potatoes light and creamy, beat them well with a fork, adding a little hot milk. • *^ i pattern J as you want Enclose 20c ia Barking dogs which become a nuis- j st>m;-is or coin (coin preferred; wrap anco can now he "cored" by having jit carefully) for each number, and their barks removed, as a result- of j sddress your order to Pattern Dept Burlap bags, also, stuffed with clean eypsnments carried oat by t|ie .AnJ-| Wilson Publishing Co.. 71^ West Aol- »tr»w or soft hay, msk*. *ndy cshjp'criran VeUrinary MedicsJ A«k)c»«- j iside St., Toronto. P«Uew.» <at *S flBtoiM or bwltick* ^^_^- [tlo.w k«t»«f» wfjk