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/f»rm (pop O'i^ncs -^ Conducted by Professor Henry G. Rell The obji'ct 0/ this depardncnt. is to plss^ ni tl<'? ttt- *!«• of our farm readers the u*.'ce of an acknow!c!'.i<:J •utbority en all subjects pertain. n^ to soils and crops. Address all qu«irtiuns to I'mlV-ssor Henry (J. V.'.W, in care of The Wilson I'ublishine Compan;, Limited, Toronto. ttid answers w!ll appear in this column in the order in which thej are received. When .writing kindly .mentio.t this paper. As space is limited it is advi.sabie wliea* im- mediate replf is nece.isary that a stamped and zddres?ed envelope Le enclosed with the queaAion, whe-. the answer Wi!! be .r.uiled direct. J. H.: â€" Kindly advise me through your Farm Crop Queries column how is the best way to get rid of quack 1 grasH? Does quack grass injure the crop or doea it just starve ths soil? Answer: â€" Quack grass appears a, little harder on the ground thani timothy, but in the green state it; contains 1.1 per cent, more nitrogen! than does timothy. Otherwise I do not believe it 's hard on the ground.! The growing root stalks sometimes! have been known to grow through 1 sections of developing potatoes. The! greatest injury the quack grass does Is to use up the soil moisture and; plantfood and thereby starve the crops that are forced to grow where it is competing. .'\ clear and defi- nite statement cf methods of com-' batt'ng the grass has been published in O. A. C. Bulletin 188. It is as! follows: "As soon as the crop is har-! vested plow lightly, then harrow ; â- with the ordinary harrov/, and, if necessary, with the spring-tooth cul- tivator. Thio shakes the roots free from the soil and makes it possible to gather them up with the horse roke. Burn as soon as thev have, dried sufficiently. Repeat this pro- cess two or three times, if the wea- ther at this time should happen to be dry and hot, so much the b-tter. Late in the fall rib up the land into drills, and allcv.' to litand over winter. The frost, in ail probability, will render material assistance in the eradieat.'on. Tha following spring plow about the end of May, cultivate. well, and put in some hoed crop, cr summer fallow, sowing budkwheat, the crop to be plowed in. A care-; fully cultivated crop of rape is re- \ commended as being: particularly ef- : fective in destroying this pest.'' I J. J. D.: â€" J have 11 acres clay and loam, rather flat and with hard pan about 2!/2 feet below surface. I have failed to grow crops on this land, have tried peas, wheat, oats and barley. It looks dark on surface and is rather fertile losUing. Peas did CREAM WANTED W« ar* In th« market for Cream ail through tha year. U'a pay the highest market price. In builnaas since i;«06. Drop ua a line for particulars. Mutual Dairy & Creamery Co. 743^-746 Kina St. West • Toronto well for a while but about blossom time turned yellowish brown in pat- ches, which seemed to spread in size and eventually were a failure. Fall wheat was very thin and did not ripen even or yield. Oats were short and very delicate straw. Last season I put two tons of fertilizer on but without any apparent improvement. I have this fall plowed and wish you to suggest my best course for this season. I have also seeded with clov- er and summer fallowed, but without any available benefit. This field had been under pasture for a long time. Answer: â€" Your clay and loam land is in need of drainage. It is un- doubtedly sour, both of wKich con- ditions bring aiwut the results that you indicate. The reason the crops turn pale and die out is that after germination they are unable to de- velop deep and substantial root growth because the water in the soil shuts out the circulation of air there- in. The sour condition of the soil w^liich results from bad drainage, and from continuous pasture, makes it impossible for the bacteria on the roots of the legumes to reproduce. Therefore, peas and clover fail to grow on your soil. The impervious subsoil or hard pan is in need of breakin.s: up as far as possible so that the roots of your crop may have more room to expand. I would ad- vise you to do as follows: Since spring is pretty well advanced, and you have had the ground thoroughly fall plowed, seed it to buckwheat at the rate of about I'-i to 2 bushels per acre. Buckwheat is a medium shallow feeder and should produce you a good paying crop of gr.-;in this year. It also thrives on slightly acid soil. .A.S soon as the buckwheat crop is off put in tile drains and apply at least 1% to 2 tons of ground limestone per acre, scattering it as evenly as pos- sible and working it into the soil by disking or harrowing. This should put ycur ground into gooti shape for a profitable crop of grain next year. ! Pairating" the House By ADELINE B. WHITFORD. Next to a copy of any of the well, delusion and a snare to anyone who illustrated, well colored seed cata- 1 cannot imagine how they would look logues, which come out in quantities ! when used in large quantities. Indeed, about the first of February, there is ! the unimaginative person usually has nothing more stimulating to the im-! two chances for disappointment in agination than one of those folded-; the house paint selected: the first in-and-out, forty-tv.-o-color paint from making the above mistake of cards, such as we pick up in the buying colors v,-hich are too strong; hardware shops, or the drug stores, ^ the second, from an attempt to use about the last of April, or the first seme unusual combination of colors, of May. ' with an ide.i of making the house ap- At the close of the long, gray win- pear -striking by this mark of so-cal- ter season, you and I instinctively led originality. turn to color, and while the seed The architect, or trained house- catalogue lures us with promises pointer, knows that success, and sat- which can only be fulfilled in the slow isfaction, are only gained from studv- processcs of nature, and even then ^^g the problem from a diflferent seldom as gloriously as we had anti- standpointâ€" I might say bv letting cipated, the paint card imposes no the house and its surroundings decide conditions of time or quantity, but ^hat the color scheme shall be. He trusts us implicitly and proves i-t by ^ill cons.ider the style of its archi- throwmg every combination of the tectu.- as a whole, a'nd pav attention rainbow into our hands at once, and, 3,30 to {hs sm.iUcr details such as telling us that, at the price of sO|aoorwavs, windows, porches. He will much per gallon, we may on this very think it important to take into con- day carry home one or any number | gije^.^tion the color of whatever of Its hues and sjjTead them out over buildings there are nsar the house large surfaces, tc be looked at inde finitely and what its background is; whether the house is seen against other build- It is .lust pos.sible that while we all! jngj_ woods, hills or distant fields, know that this is the language cf; „.i,ether shadowed by trees and vines, the paint card, we do not dwell! ^r stands out b;:re and alone, an ob- thoughtfully enough upon all that its jgct which must relv mainlv on its statement :mplios; for if we realized, form and color to be made "interest- as we look at those fascinating bits j^g xhis takes really close study. of color, one-half by two inches in^ Xg^ as to the matter of stt^ng size, that they only represent a mil- contrasts of color which have been lionth fraction of the gallons which uggj to give importance to house we are to "spread out and look at in- "trimmings," thev should be avoided definitely" we should hesitate longer, gi^y^.-g i than we do over the privilege of be-j jhe legitimate use of contrasting ing entrusted with so much liberty. I eoior jg ^nh to accent eave-moulding. An old-time artist, upon being window and door openings; to use it! questioned as to how he obtained cer- ; fo,. cutting up wall spaces by bands, ' tain results in color, an.swered, "I and zig-zags, cheapens the whole; mix the paints 'with brains'." To- effect. ' day's house paints come ready mi.xed| ^he most carefully planned paint-' but "brains" are still needed to direct^ 1,,^ to-day, makes use of but three I the buyer to those few charmed gal-^ ^-oiors at mo.<t: a roof stain of med-' Ions which really should be hers.j ium tone, the wall co:oring and the! When once she finds and uses them,! "trim"â€" meaning the outlinings of ahe will discover that she not only | paves and openings. "Trimmings" of, bought weather-proofing, but at the fuggy woodwork and contrasting' same time, and at no extra cost, se- j colorings are no longer eons-dered in cured for her property a pleasing good taste. We are learning to culti- OUtward appearance, which has sud-; vate vine and tree-shadows, letting denly given the whole place a touch these play their part in exterior house i of distinction and individuality. I decoration. I In every paint pail then, there isj There are several renson.s why a something more than paint, and the- „},ite house with green blinds seems householder must not choose at ran- right in any Ci^nadian landscape. One ^om. ^ ig that it is purely a colonial inheri- One of the flr.<t dangers offered by, tance, having come to us from a time the paint can! lies, as has been said,j when green and white and a dull reil in the fact that it."* many color samp-j ^vere about the only colors our coun- les are so reduced in size as to appear, try's paint resources afforded. .\n- perfectly harmless. No matter how other reasonâ€" an artistic one-^is, lovely the clearer reds, greens, yel-, that white refiects any color ne.ir it, low?, yellow-browns and dark grays' and also shows shadows clearly: on may be =n the t- -• patches shown on I these accounts it is only sharply tha aiverr= Jars' folders. *^^m ar« a| whita where the san strikes it. Out of sunlight, white is of nearly middle value, where vines and trees make it green and shadowy; it is always more cheerful than light grays and greens, which do not refiect surrounding colors. We should always use emphasizing paint for window sash. In colonial effects this may be w))ite or medium green, and for other styles of houses, a dark green or blue, which is nearly black. Well-painted window sash are a rich, crisp finish to the whole house, and any painting scheme which does not include this detail has missed an important feature. It is wise to have nothing whatever to do with the blue-toned grays or slate colors; they do not reflect other colors, and are chilly and disconsolate in themselves. There are, however, many fine tones of warmer gray, those for instance resembling old- fashioned rubber gum, putty, and dull sand color. One of the handsomest groups of farm buildings which I have ever seen, had its barns, small buildings, and silo, of a middle-value gray or putty color, with white trim; the win- dow sash was dark green, nearly black. The farm house was white, its rooi a weather-stained gray. Ver- andah roofs and roofs of the bay windows, were painted a green of middle value, a little duller than ap- ple green, .-^s the building was old- fashioned, the doors were carefully sandpapered, and painted the same green. For every gallon of dark gray floor paint, a full pint of this green was added, thus harmonizing the ver- andah floor with the doors, though the floors were several tones darker. The window sash were green-black. There were no blinds but tho interior shades were olive. There were a few trea« near the house.-j'ines over the verandah, sim- ple, well-kept grounds and driveways, and from the top of the gray silo, which looked from a distance like the tower of some old castle, there floated t)ie three finest colors in the world. If one can imagine the whole, it is unnecessary to add xhat it made a beautiful jjicture, and one which was interesting as far as it could be seen, proving that even a grou.) of old- fashioned buildings, if painted in a carefully chosen color-sceme, may come to have distinction and an indi- vidual style. j It is not the unusual which secures j these results, either in house paint- ing, furniture or dress â€" not the strik- ing, startling combination but the right one, the sensible one â€" even the usual one, done well. 9 .\ Pointer on Tying Fleeces. Seme weeks ago a party of county agents were being shown through a wool-scouring mill in a largo city. They wanted to learn things that they could take hack to help their home folks. .A.t one point the manager of the mill called their attention to the kind of twine to use in ty.'ng fleeces.; He picked up a handful of partly scoured wool and pointed out dark fibres. These, he said, were the fibres frem binder twine which were left in the fleece when it was unbound at, the warehouse or mill. 1 It is the custom of the fleece handlers to cut the cord holding the fleece together and pull it out. Hi ccmmcn binder tv.ine is used some of; the fibres are sure to catch in the{ fleece and be left there. They do notj take the dye and so are very objec-| tionable to the woolen manufacturer.! He will not pay the price for such j fleeces that he will for those which j do not have the fibres mixetl with! the fleece. The manager of the mill ' said it d.'d not pay to pick out the fibres, and showed how a gcod cotton or paper string pulls out of a fleece without leaving fibres. If a few cot- . ton fibres should be left it should not j be harmful, as the cotton takes the | dye. j The paper twine has a hard, smooth , surface and is best from all stand- points. It prokibly costs no more than any other kind of tying mater- , ial, probably less than binder twine ! s.ince it has soared to present prices, j INTER.N'.4TIO.VAL LESSON JUNE 1. Lesson IX. Faith, What It Is and What It Does, Heb. 11:1-40; 12;1, 2. Golden Textâ€" John 14: 1. 11: 1. Now Faith. Writ'ng to the persecuted Jews who had embraced the Christian faith, the author of this epistle shows them their fellowship with the men of faith of every former age, with Enoch and Noah and .\'.ra- ham and Moses, and many another who had believed and suffered and served in their day and generation, their fa.'th in God enabled them to do the present duty, and to look be- yond the present to the future glori- ous fulfilment of God's promises. Having little, they became heirs of all things, and the sojourner dwell- ing in tents looked for and possessed the city of God. His faith became for him the title-deed of wealth as yet unrealized, the evidence and assur- ance of the glory which was to be. Faith is the certainty of hope, the open eye of the soul which looks upon realities unseen and eternal. For the Christian it has become a personal relationship to Jesus Christ, in whom and through whose Spirit he sees the working of those powers which are building a new world, in which he himself shall have, or ra- ther has already, his citizenship. 2. .A. Good Report. The great men of Old Testament times, the "elders," hava "had witness born them" (R.V.). in the narratives of the Old Testa-' ment, in respect of their faith. It is because of their faith that the his- tory gives so good a report of them. The difference between Moses, of good repute, and Pharaoh, of ev'l re- pute, is the difference which faith in God makes. 3. Through Faith We Understand. The tremendous fact of God's crea- tion of the world is not proved by historical or scientific evidence. It is known and apprehended by faith. .A.nd yet how certain a fact it is, and how sure our knowledge of it I By faith we understand. j 4. He Being Dead Yet Speaketh. Faith is the secret spring of right- eousness. So -Abel's faith wTought righteoxis deeds, and assui'ed him by a good conscience that his offering ' was acceptable to God. And so it is that his voice speaks down through the ages declaring to every genera- ; tion that the only gift or offering of worship pleasing to God is that of faith and well-doing. For (v. li) "without faith it is impossible to please him." 7. By Faith Noah, warned of God, I prepared the ark wliich saved his { family from the flood. In a world of uncleanness he had kept himself pure, and so had already in himself \ the assurance and the enjoyment of . the "righteousness" which is bv faith â-  and which is yet to fill the whole world. I 8-10. So ".Abraham" obeyed what j he knew to be the call of Gad, and ; led his people out from an idolatrous 1 and corrupt community to a new and 1 strange land, where he might worsh p I according to his conscience and found ' a new soiriety devoted to the service | of the true and living God. He was only a nomad shepherd, chief of a ncmad clan, dwelling in tents, but "he looked for a city which hath foundations, whose builder and mak- er is God." 1,3. Tl.-se all died in faith, net having received the promises, but having seen them and greeted them | from afar. (R.V.) That has been' the experience of faith in every age. ' The Kingdom of God is coming, but its fulness and power and glory is not yet. The city is being built, but 'ts walls and its many mansions are not yet complete. There is much evil in the world and men are slow to learn the ways of God. The best which the world looks for an^i agon- izes for lies on before. Faith sees the promise from af.ar, but holds that promise in possession as the dearest thing in life. Though "stranjrers and pilgrims on the earth," the men of faith des.'re and seek, "a iietter country, that is an heavenly." .Vnd therefore, the apostle makes the great and significant declaration that "God is not ashamed to b.> called their God." Thcrj follows a further list of men and women of notable faith, the saints, the heroes, the martyrs, of successive ages, to whom now tho records of history do light honor. The promi;ie led them on as a stai of hope. Pit now in Christ t.nero is 'uili'.ment. â€" their hope finds 'is j'lsti- fication i.nd completion in Hirn. .-Vll of redemption, :sll of power, all of goodness, all of spiritual strength to overcome the world, which they had sought, is to be found in Him, "Cod having provided" in Him "some "^et- ter thing for us, that they without us should not be made per<£ect (v. 40). 12. 1-2. Witnesses. The figure is drawn from the ancient races in which swift and hardy runners con- tended for the prize. Great multi- tudes assembled to witness this fas- cinating sport. Tho runners laid aside the outer garment and every impeding â- we'g'ht, that they might run lightly and freely in the gr?at contest. Such is the life of faith. The witnesses are the great multi- tudes of the faithful who have gone before. Jesus who started us in this race waits *at the end with the laurel wreath which is to crown the victor, that is immortality with Himself in heaven. He has set us the example of faith, courage and steadfastness in trial and suffering. He is "the author and finisher of our faith." VARIC(JSE VEINS? Wear TLia Hon-ZlaaUc &aced Stooklnf BAjriTARY, .-.a ilit-y may b • «ii.-,l'.-.| i.r lii;ll.:J. ASJifSTASZS, !.^.;a.t like a l'-!.'K:nK; al vaya fits. COAirCBTAXIiS. made to â- .'•.u.iji e, liBht and dur- able. COvJ.:^, i-ciif.ains .No Rubber. 1,.500.000 SOLD SOOHCinCAZi, cost ST. 50 (siich. or two for Ih*- ?a:ne llinli, $6. 60, postpaid. Write for I'atai/;; ,•• and .Self-MeiLsurcmont i.hmk. CorliM Umb Bp«ela!ty Co. 314 Now Biris Hldg. Kontrcil, X'.IJ. The most scientific man is he who lives in the daylight and fresh air and sleeps at night. !^1R. FAREVIER INVEST YOUR MONEY In an iiiipieiii3nt sited Ask your LUMBER DEALER For Plana and Prices. DOMINION Bicycle Tires ^^Unquestionably the Best Tires Made'' For speed, safety and thoroughly- satisfactory service, be sure to ride on "Dominion" Tires. The extra mileage makes them the best and cheapest to buy. '^^ Sold h^ the Leading DccUrs A Do you object to a fly lighting on the end of your nose, and then trans- ferring its proboscis to some othsr tender spot when you wave your hand? If not, just think of the many flies which are teas/ng the life as well as the good nature out of your cattle in the moist woods. Do not let ewes and lambs run on' old vaivures so full of parasites which | will prove destructive to young; lambs. What would you think of a man â-  who refused to join the local cow- 1 testing association because it would i make it impossible for him to s "^ his, poor cows to h's neighbors. â- ' Feathers Wanted yiffhest prio'js paid for best grade new gooBe. duck, chicken and turkey feathers. Geo. H. Hees. Son & Co., Ltd. 276 D.ivenport Road, Toronto ROOFING BCASAraON BHAITS Ready "Wo.-lliiK. Asphalt flute Shing- les. '.VaM Hunrii Kuildlne I'apcrs, Roof rnlnt.-". etc. Write for prices niid »ami>ir,i. Save moni'v bv huyiiiK direct. 'Trotection" For Your Homeâ€" No "Free Trade" With Decay Everything with a surface needs surface protection. Not only the outside of your home, but every part of the inside â€" the floors, walls, furniture, woodwork and meta parts. To paint, means protection and pre- servation cttid money saved on repairs, for wear and decay always start at the surface. To leave a surface unprotected by paint __^_ or varnish, means "free trade" with decay and waste. '100% Pure" Paint Tlio Paint for wear and wenther- Senour's Floor Paint The old rolinblo â€" il wenrs, and wears, and wears. "Neu-Tone" The sanitarv washable Flat Oil Paint for Interior Decorations, "Wood-Lac" Stains Improve tho new â€" renew iho old. "Marble-ile" The one perfect floor ii.^^»h will not mar or ^cr itch white* under h.udcst wear. <t Varnoleum" Briiutifiosandprencrvei Oilcloth and Linolcuiiu MARTIN-SENOUR PAINTS AND VARNISHES They are the greatest material protectors you Cein useâ€" and the cheapest â€" because they spread easier, cover more surface and last longer. us m^ MARTIN-SENOOR Go. MONTREAL^ _ LIHITCO GREExNSIIIELDS AVENUE, ijfiBii: