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\ ( ^ { â- i .^ A ENEMY'S LOSSES ARE HEAVY Nearly Four Million Qerman and Austrian Soldiers Permanently Out of the Field. A despatch from London says: Hilaire Belloc, the military expert, es- timates that the German and Austri- an losse^^M to the present total nearer f^B million meu than three million mm. He bases this calcula- tion on a careful analysis of the fig- ures of the British casualties given by Premier Asquith in the Commons. Those figures, he points out, show one-fifth of a total of 258,000 are. dead. The total British casualties, ! therefore, work out five to one for each life lost. The total enemy losses he estimates at six to one per man killed. Basing this multiple of calcu- lation their losses have been grreater than those of the allies. Mr. Belloc ; believes this multiple is low, for the German lists of killed are belated i and the Austrians lost enormously mtfre in proportio.i in prisoners than the British. To the Prussian lists of killed must be added rather less than one-fifth for non-Prussian lists of the German Empire and further 80 per cent, for Austria and Hungary. Multiplying these by six, Mr. Belloc arrives at 3,250,000 enemy casualties before the great Galician effort. This, according to his estimate, cannot count for less than half a million; this makes a grand total of three and three-quarter millions perman- ently out of the field. "The enemy's potential manhood for actual fighting within the first year," Mr. Belloc con- cludes, "has probably been diminish- ed by nearly one-half from all causes." NEAB THE BEAD OF LAKE 6ABDA Italians Occupy Mori on the Western Side of the Trentino. A despatch from Rome says: Ital- ian troops have occupied Mori on the railroad from Rovereto to Arco and Riva, important towns at the head of Lake Garda. As there is only one railroad in this section the fall of Arco and Riva befor* the Italians in- vading the Trentino from the west- ern side is believed to be only a question of a few days. Mori is about five miles south of Rovereto, the objective of a strong Italian movement, but the road to that place is fortified to such an extent that it will be a hard task for the Italians to force the Austrian defences. Fierce fighting in the Monte Nero zone, north of Tolmina, on the Isonzo front, is reported in an official re- port from Gen. Cadorna, the chief of staff, issued by the War Department. The Alpine troops are giving a good account of themselves in this region, using mountain paths unknown to the enemy, and falling unawares on the strongly fortified Austrian trenches. Almost all of this region is now in the hands of the Italians. A daring raid by an Italian airship on a railroad station eight miles into the interior from Trieste Is reported in an official announcement, which says: "An Italian dirigible passing over the enemy's entrenched camps threw high explosive bombs on Di- vazza railway centre. Notwithstand- ing the enemy's intense fire the dirig- ible returned undamaged." Divazza is on the railway from Laibach, the Austrian headquarters, to Trieste. It is 70 miles from the coast of the Adriatic. A despatch from Verona, the Ital- ian headquarters for the Trentino op- erations, says that among the prison- ers recently taken in the I. ago di Misurima district was a Bavarian, which is taken to indicate that Ger- man troops are aiding the Austrian forces. WARNEFORD'S FUNERAL TO BE PUBLIC AFFAIR A despatch from Paris says: Ar- rangements for the funeral service •t Versailles for Lieut. Warneford, of the British Royal Navy Flying Corps, and Henry B. Needham, the American writer, who were killed in an aero- plane accident, have been cancelled. Lieut. Warneford's body will be sent to England, where some form of pub- lic funeral befitting the man who has been hailed as a hero for his recent destruction of a Zeppelin airship will be held. BABINfi AVIATOB FALLS TO DEATH Lieut. Warneford, Who Recently De- stroyed a Zeppelin, Killed in Paris. A despatch from Paris says: Lieut. Reginald Warneford, the ycung Cana- dian aviator who recently won the Victoria Cross and the Legion of Honor for destroying ir. mid-air a Zeppelin airship, lost control of a new aeroplane he was testing near Paris and the machine tumbled from a great height. Lieut. Warneford was killed instantly. Henry B. Needham, the American writer in Europe to get impressions from the war, was a passenger with Warneford. He, too, was killed. The exact cause of the accident is unknown, and will remain so, as the aeroplane and its engine are a mass of tangled wreckage. But the cause may be found in part, at least, by the fact that Lieut. Warneford remarked before leaving the Hotel Ritz for the testing ground that he felt sick and dizzy, and would not fly, although he had been asked to experiment with some new machines. By the time he reached the avia- tion grounds, however, he had re- covered his usual buoyancy of health, and immediately set about to ascend in one of the aeroplanes to be tested. He took the machine up alone, put it through some of the customary manoeuvres and alighted without mishap. Then he got into the second ma- chine, which was of the same type as the first, and taking Needham as a passenger soared into the air. There were a few spectators on the grounds and some of the men connected with the aerial corps. The machine glid- ed from earth, but there was no hint of anything wrong, and the young lieutenant and his American passen- ger had soon become but a speck in the sky. It was a perfect day for testing work. The sky was clear and there was no wind. "There is no tell- ing the exact height the aeroplane had attained when the mishap, what- ever it was, occurred. But it was so high that nothing out of the ordin- ary could be detected by the specta- tors on the ground until the machine came plunging downward. MURDEROUS TRIPLE ALLIANCE Many demonatratlnim have tukc^n place Id Italy In favor of Interven- tion Id the war. on the Hide of tUe .Vlllefl. Our photograph was taken In Milan, where, on one occaMion, there were some 200,000 demon- strators in the Htrec'ts. A K-adinK agitator Ih seen cuillnK upon the people to av<-nge B<>iicium's wronga. The effl«leM are lho.se of a Turk, a Pniaslun, and an Aiw- trlan. PBENCH ADVANCE IN THE VOSGES ADOPT SINGLE DESIGN FOR TOMBS OF FRENCH EARLY ENTRY OF GREECE NOW REGARDED AS SURE A despatch from Athens says: The resignation of the Gournaris Cabinet has Been decided on. It will go into effect as soon as King Constantine is well enough to summon Venizelos to resun^e the Premiership. It is believed here that this presages an early entry i of Greece into the war on the side of i the allies. I A despatch from Paris says: The governing committee of the Republi- can Alliance proposes that a single design be adopted for a monument to the French dead of the European war, to be selected, reproduced and erected, in different sizes, in all the cemeteries of France. Artists and sculptors have risen up against this proposition, horrified at the monotony of a uni- form design of monument in every town and village. Nearly a Mile of Trenches Have Been Captured North of .\rra8 by the French. A despatch from Paris says: The village of Metzeral, on the River 1 Fecht, in the Vosges, was invested by French forces late Saturday, and the ', advance on Munster, five miles fur- ther down the river, is well under way I The victory is one of great impor- tance, not only because of the strate- ! gic advantage it offers, but as well because of the encouragement it will afford to the troops fighting in this ; region. Metzeral has been an objec- tive of the French campaign in this region since early spring. The ad- vance has been slow, and the resist- ' ance offered has been of a most stub- ' born nature. The village itself was , invested only after practically all of i.the surrounding heights had been captured, the Germans finally setting I fire to the houses and defences and retreating along the Fecht towards I Munster. [ One wing of the army that occupied Metzeral already has swung down I through the valley towards Munster. i Colmar, one of th emost important centres in this section, is but 12 miles I farther on. Even from the heights surrounding Metzeral the French guns will be able to shower their shells down the valley and into the defences at Munster. t The final occupation of Metzeral I was made during a downpour of rain. A thick fog covered the surrounding country. The Braun Kopf hills and I Hill Stic also were occupied, as were Leichwaldo and the villages of Stein- bruck and Altenhoff. East of Met- zeral the Hilgen first heights were â-  taken. Already some shells have j been dropped on Munster, and a muni- tion depot near the railway station I has been exploded. I The French, under the protection of a curtain of intense artillery fire along j the front north of Arras, have taken trenches and driven wedges into the German lines at various points. FBENCB GAINS AT SIX POINTS Army of 200.000 Germans Hurled Attacks Against the Allied Lines. A despatch from Paris says: The heaviest fighti::g of many weeks is I reported by the French War Office. j In the north, between Souchez and Neuville, the fighting has been furi- ous. On this front the Germans ar- rayed an army of 200,000 men, with heavy reserves in the rear, drove for- I ward against the French in a desper ' ate effort to regain the ground lost i there during the last few days. i Repeated attacks were hurled back by the French forces, which, striking quickly while the Germans were in confusion, pressed forward making important gains on three sides of Souchez, and advancing in three di- rections from Neuville. The French batteries during a fierce battle of 24 hours fired nearly 300,000 shells, while the Germans used probably no fewer. The ileath toll in the face of such artillery work has of necessity been very large. The French War Office admits that the French losses have been serious. It asserts, however, that the German casualties have been even greater. In spite of this fact the spirit and morale of the French troops is said to be excellent. More than 1,000 German prisoners have been made during the struggle â€" 500 on the Souchez-Neuville front and 500 in the Vosges. In the Vosges, Altenhof, a suburb of Metzeral on the River Fecht, has been captured. Steinbeck, a little to the north of Metzeral, has fallen into French hands after a furious assault. It would appear that Souchez, north of Arras, and Metzeral, in the Vosges, are doomed to fall into French hand.s. The new positions won about Souchez will give the French batteries clean sweep toward the German positions in the town, and the same is true respecting Metzeral. FORCED ENEMY TO FULL FLIGHT Extraordinary Bravery in Face of Almost Insuper- able Obstacles. A despatch from Rome says: De- tails of the capture by the Italians of Plava, on the Isonzo, and the sur- rounding heights show that in this battle, the first general engagement of the campaign, the Italians fought with extraordinary bravery in face of almost insuperable obstacles. Barbed wire entanglements, hidden batteries, natural defences, were powerless to hold back the invaders, who swept the Austrians out of position after posi- tion, and finally forced them to preci- pitate fiight. Reports from a reliable source in Vienna are to the effect that Emperor Francis Joseph is indignant at the de- feats of his army on the Italian fron- tier. In spite of heavy reinforce- ments sent to the Austrians from Bos- nia and Herzogovina, strategical and strongly fortified positions which had been considered impregnable have been lost. The Austrians have shown themselves apparently unable to guard against surprise attacks, and the Italian advance has gone on un- checked, while the Austrian losses have been tremendous. It is reported that the Emperor has relieved Gen. Dankl and Gen. Rohr at their commands on the Tyrolean front, and has threatened the Commander- in-Chief, Archduke Eugene, with the same fate if he allows Gorizia to fall into the hands of the- enemy. The Italian artillery has been di- rected for several days against the fortress of Malborghetto, on the im- portant railway line leading from the frontier to Tarvis and Villach, and has silenced the batteries, and it ia expected that the Italians will now take the place by storm. More to the south of the Isonzo front the Italians, according to an official report, are continuing their drive eastward, and a fierce battle ia in progress. Meanwhile Italian aviators operat- ing south-east of Gorizia dropped bombs on the railroad to Trieste, causing extensive damage at the sta- tion of Voltachijadraga, five miles from Gorizia. If the railroad is ac- tually cut at this point Gorizia is iso- lated. SPECIAL CONSTABLES AT ROSS RIFLE FACTORY A despatch /rom Quebec says: Twenty employes of the Ross Rifle factory have been sworn in as special constables to guard the buildings. Several women will be employed in secret service work. This is the re suit of the several fires that have occurred quite mysteriously of late. TERRIBLE STRUGGLE IN GALICIA Vital Portion of the Muscovite Line Holds Firm Against Con.stant Assaults. A despatch from London says : 1 A notable success was scored by the ' Russians on the Dniester above Zur- ' Awna on June 14 and 15, which re- 1 suited in the capture of 8,746 men, i including 202 officers, 6 guns, 21 ma- j chine guns, caissons and other booty, according to an official statement is- j sued in Petrograd. Austro-German forces also are reported to have been hurled back on the same front further j to the south-east, while another force ' which crossed the Dniester above I Nizniow was destroyed. In the Shavli region and west of i the middle Niemen there has been no essential change. The engagements | continue. On the Bzura above So chaczew we repulsed on the 16th attacks by small German forces. On the Dniester front on the night of the 16th in the sector between the Tismenitza and the Stry Rivers the enemy was thrown back in disorder. Our notable captures on the Dnies- ter above Zurawna in the course of the 14th and 15th include 202 officers and 8,544 men, 6 guns, 21 machine guns, caissons and other booty. On the 15th the enemy crossed the Dniester above and Below Niziow. The forces which crossed above were destroyed, and those which crossed below were checked. THE END OF AUSTRIA IS NOT FAR DISTANT Serbian Premier Declares Rou mania Must Follow Italy. A despatch from Rome says: Pre- mier Pachitch of Serbia, interviewed by the correspondent of the Giornale DTtalia on the future relations be- tween Italy and Serbia, is quoted as saying: "Their relations must be most friendly. Serbia needs Italy, her civi- lization and her progress, that she may expand liberally, living her life according to her national inteersts. On the other hand, Italian industries need the Serbian market. Neither country has imperialistic ambition. They wish to live and let others live." Regarding the effect of Italy's en- trance into the war Premier Pachich Is said to have declared: "It will hasten the day on which peace will be definitely signed. The end of Austria is nearer than anyone thinks. Rou- mania must follow the example of Italy." DOARDS TO REPORT ON PENSION CLAIMS Killed While Disinfecting Dead. A despatch from Paris says: Dr. Auguste Chaillou, a young physician connected with the Pasteur Institute, was killed while carrying out the dan- gerous task of disinfecting bodies ly- ing between the French and German lines. The glittering can containing the disinfectant he carried caught the eye of a German sentinel, and fire was opened with trench mortars. One of the shells struck Dr. Chaillou, kill- ing him instantly. Medical Men Will Be .Vppointed In Every Military Division of Canada. A despatch from Ottawa says: Boards of medical men are to be ap- pointed in every military division of Canada in connection with the grant- ing of pensions to wounded soldiers or the families of those killed on active service. Already between 300 and 350 pensions have been granted, most of them being for the families of dead soldiers. It is already apparent that the sum of $2,000,000 set aside for pensions this year will be quite in- sufficient for the purpose. If more is needed before another session of Par- liament it may be obtained by Gov- ernor-General's warrant. The establishment of medical boards in the different divisions will materially assist in the work of pay- ing pensions, which is expected to reach large proportions. Reports will be sent from these medical board? to the pensions board in Ottawa, which will then pass on each case. When a man is temporarily inca- pacitated the practice so far has been to pay hjn) his regular active service pay until he recovers. Where It is evident, however, that the injury will outlast the war, the man is put on the pension list at once. The problem of caring for conva- lescents is expected to prove one of the heaviest burdens of the war, and action will .shortly be taken to deal specially with it. MilRKtTIi OF THE WOKLO REPORTS rROM THE LEAOINQ TRAD! CENTRES OF AMERICA. Breadstuffs. Toronto, June 22. â€" Manitoba wheatâ€" No. 1 Northern, $1.25% to $1.26%; No. 2 Northern, $1.23V* to $1.24%; No. 3 Northern, $1.20% to $1.21%, on track, lake ports. Manitoba oatsâ€" No. 2 C.W., 59 to 60c; No. 3 C.W., 58 to 59c; extra No. 1 feed, 58 to 59c, on track, lake ports. -'American corn â€" No. 2 yellow, 80 to 80 %c, on track, lake ports. Canadian corn â€" No. 2 yellow, 78c, on track, Toronto. Ontario oats â€" No. 2 white, 55 to 56c; No. 3 white, 54 to 55c, according to freights outside. Ontario wheat â€" No. 2 Winter, per car lot, $1.15 to $1.17, iccording to freights outside. Peas â€" No. 2, nominal, per car lots, $1.50 to $1.60, according to freights outside. Barley â€" Good malting barley, 70 to 73c; feed barley, li5c, according to freights outside. Buckwheat â€" Nominal, car lots, 75 to 77c, according to freights outside. Rye â€" No. 2, nominal, $1.05 to $1 . 10, according to freights outside. Manitoba flour â€" First patents, in jute bags, $7.20; second patents, in jute bags, $6.70; strong bakers', in jute bags, $6.50, Toronto. In cot- ton bags, 10c more. Ontario flour â€" Winter, 90 per cent, patents, $5, seaboard, or To- ronto freights in bags. Millfeed â€" Car lots, delivered Mont- real freights. Bran, per ton, $25; shorts, per ton, $27 to $28; middlings, per ton, $28 to $29; good feed flour, per bag, $1.80. stock, 19 to 20c. Potetoesâ€" Per bag, car lots, 42% to 45c. Dressed hogs â€" Abattoir killed, $13.50 to $13.75. Pork â€" Heavy Canada short mess, bbls., 35 to 45 pieces, $29; Canada short-cut back, bbls., 45 to 55 pieces, $28 . 50. Lard â€" Compound, tierces, 375 lbs. net, 10 %c; pure, tierces, 376 lbs., 12c; pure, wood pails, 20 lbs net. 12%c. United States Markets. Minneapolis, June 22. â€" Wheat â€" No. 1 hard, $1.23%; No. 1 Northern, $1.17T^ to $1.25%; No. 2 Northern, $1.14% to $1.23%; July, $1.16%. Cornâ€" No. 3 yellow, 71% to 71%c. Oats â€" No. 3 white, 45% to 46c. Flour and bran unchanged. Duluth, June 22. â€" Wheatâ€" No. 1 hard, $1.24; No. 1 Northern, $1.20 to $1.23; No. 2 Northern, $1.15 to $1.20; July, $1.18. Country Produce. Butter â€" Choice dairy, 21 to 23c; inferior, 18 to 20c; creamery prints, 28 to 29c; do., solids, 26 to 28c. Eggs â€" The market is steady, straight new-laid being quoted at 21 to 22c per dozen, in case lots, and selects, 23 to 24c. Beans â€" The market is quiet at $3.10 to $3.15 for prime, and $3.20 to $3.25 for hand-picked. Poultry â€" Chickens, yearlings, dressed, 16 to 20c; Spring chickens, 45 to 50c; fowl, 13 to 15c. Cheese â€" The market is easier, be- ing quoted at 18% to 19c for large, and at 19 to 19 '-ic for twins. Potatoes â€" Ontario, 55 to 60c per bag, out of store, and 45 to 50c in car lots. New Brunswicks, car lots, 55 to 60c per bag. Live Stock Market. Toronto, June 22. â€" Butchers' cat- tle, choice, $8.10 to $8.40; do., good, $7.50 to $7.80; do., medium, $7.16 to $7.40; do., common, $6.60 to $7.10; butchers' bulls, choice, $6.75 to $7.50; do., good bulls, $6.25 to $6.50; do., rough bulls, $5.25 to $6; butchers' cow.", choice, $6.75 to $7.25; do., good, $6.25 to $6.50; do., medium, $5.25 to $6; do., common, $5 to $5.75; feeders, good, $6.50 to $7.25; stockers, 700 to 1,000 lbs., .?f!.25 to $7.7.'); canners and cutters, $4 to $5.25; milkers, choice, each, S60 to ?95; do., common and medium, each, $."5 to $45; springers, $50 to S35; light ewes, $6.. 50 to $7.50; do., heavy, $4 to $5; do., bucks, $3.50 to $4.50; yearling lambs, $6.50 to $7.50; spring lambs, cwt., $11 to ,$14; calves, $4.50 to $10.25; hogs, ' fed and watered, $9.35; do., off cars, I $9 . <i0 to $9 . 65. Montreal, June 22. â€" Sales of good ! steers were made at $8.25 to $8.50, fair at $7.75 to $8, and the lower I grades at from $6 to $7 . 50. Butch- ers' cows brought $4 to $6 . 75, and I bulls from $4.75 to $6.75 per cwt j The market for small meats was I steady, with sales of sheep at $5.50 ' to $6.50 per cwt., yearling lambs at $7 to $7.. 50, and Spring lambs at $5.50 to $6 each. Calves sold readily at prices ranging from $1.50 to $10 each. The market for hogs was i weaker, and sales of selected lots ! were made at $9.50 to $9.90, and ! heavy mixed lots at $8.50 to $9 pei cwt, weighed off cars. -*- Business in Montreal. Montreal, June 22. â€" Corn- â€" Ameri- can, No. 2 yellow, 80% to 81c. Oats â€" Canadian Western, No. 3, 59Vic; extra No. 1 feed, 59 %c: No. 2 local white, 59c; No. 3 local white, 58ci No. 4 local white. 57c. Barley â€" Mani- toba feed, 72 %c. Flour â€" .Manitoba Spring wheat patents, firsts, $7.30; seconds, $6»80; strong bakers', $6.60; Winter patents, choice, $6.80; straight rollers, $6.40 to $6.50; do., bags, $3 to $3.10. Rolled oatsâ€" Bbls., $6.50 to $6.75; do., bags, 90 lbs., $3 to $3.10. Bran, $26. Shorts, $28. Middlings, $33 to $34. Mouillie, $35 to $40. Hayâ€" No. 2, per ton, car lots, $19 to $20.50. Cheese â€" Finest westerns, 16% to 17c; finest easterns, 15% to 15%c. Butter â€" Choicest creamery, 27% to 28c; sec- onds, 26V4 to 26Vic. Eggsâ€" Fresh, 22 to 23c; selected, 24 to 25c; No. 2 LIGHT STEEL HELMETS FOR FRENCH SOLDIERS .\ despatch from Paris says: Frencl soldiers in the field soon are to begin j wearing light steel helmets, suggest- j ing in their design the antique head- pieces of men-at-arms. In color thej I will be the grey blue, harmonizinf) with the service uniforms which I French soldiers have been wearing foi several months past. [ The Ministry of War has adopted I ! design for this helmet, after a pro- longed examination of various differ- ent types submitted. The new helmet ; will afford considerable protection tc I the head from fragments of shells and rifle bullets travelling with lessened I velocity. The customary cap will bt : retained for service behind the front TURKS SHORT OF SUPPLIES There is a Shortage of Food, and Government Re- sources Are at a Low Ebb. A despatch from Rome says: A correspondent of the Idea Nationale, telegraphing from Dedeagatch, gives a terrible picture of prevailing condi- tions in Turkey, which he evidently obtained from refugees from Constan- tinople arriving on the Bulgarian frontier. The troops, he declares, are short of both food and ammunition, the army is ravaged with typhus and there is an appalling increase in the number of sick. The shortage of coal, too, is pronounced, and the scarcity of fuel IS responsible for the immobilizing of the "Turkish fleet, which, no longer able to take the offensive, is now anchored in the Sea of Marmora. Talaant Bey, he continues, produces I each day for the edification of th« I population glowing accounts of vie j torios on land and sea obtained ovei j France, England and Russia, but th« j number of sick and wounded arriving [ in the capital tells other tales, Th« . houses of Christians, especipUy Grcpki I in the Pharar quarter, have beet I sacked by mobs, often with the con- nivance of the police. Christians at-' tempting to flee from the capital ar« set upon, robbed and maltreated bj the Turkish officials and soldiers. The authorities wink at these out- rages and encourage their perpetra- tion in order to keep alive the flame of hatred of the Moslems against the i Christian allies.