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P1VUBV lAULlu An Explanation and a Comparison of Their Difference. ARE NOT ALL THE SAME. Conditions of Efficiency in Each Described by an Expert Probably few Canadian* know th* distinction between "mounted infan- try" and ' cavalry." Everybody knows that the second Canadian con- tingent is (to use the wordg of the militia order) 'to be composed of field artillery and cavalry or monnted Infantry." But moat persona who read thin likely thought as, indeed, the improper use of "or" instead of "and" would actually imply that cavalry and mounted infantry are all the tame thine. This in not so. Monnted infantry and cavalry are qnite different, both in accoutrement and in their nse in the field, and it is a mistake to con- found them. The differences between the two are well pointed out by the military expert of the London Daily News in a recent article in that paper. The point is that the cavalry man in his propor capacity is essentially a Centaur a creature composite of man and horse. Wuenever he is cut in half as it were, and become* man ighting and horse held or tethered somewhere else he ceases to perform hi* proper function, and passe* into the other condition of "monnted in- fantryman." With thi* vast differ- ence that a dismounted cavalry man I* a fish ont of water, wherea* a dis- mounted "mounted infantry man" is like a fish that ha* been panting in hallow water half alive and ha* got back to his native element. The lance is the prince of weapon* for the true cavalryman ; because in sing it he deliver* hi* blow with the fall lorce and impetus of both man and horse. Even in using the rword, with which be is also armed, the cav- alryman except in a melee that is when the charge has spent it* force, in men riding or marching singly at tome distance each from each, but all co-operating and working in har- 1 mony. In addition it wants to train all its men to have their wits about . them to know country just as a hunt- ing man does, and to see sharply what there is to be seen. At the same time, as with the infantry, but even more imperatively, it want* a smaller number of men trained in an excep- tionally high degree to perform the duty of seeing for the rest. These in both instances are the "Scents." CHARGING "BOOT TO BOOT." In addition to that the cavalry re- quires to be trained in the highest de- gree to extreme facility of manoeuv- ring. It wants to be able to charge, { especially against Cavalry or against Mounted Infantry caught by it on 'heir horM s, " boot to boot, " that is tosiv, tl.- men jammed t< gether ia line *> closely that boot touches boot. That i* the most deadly form of the Cavaliy charge, because, properly prmsr il hoin, nothing but a deadly ore of Infantry, cane shot from Aral- lery, or Cavalry on the move, equally orderly in its movement M itself, can stop it. The momentum is what tells, but it must be the momentum of the whole body acting together, not the loose stroke of single men that have teparated out so that, though pace adds to momentum, pace is a poor ad- vantage if it leads to disorder. So much is this the case that some of the moat successful charges m his- tory, including the marvellous suc- cess the charge of our heavy Brigade at Balaklava, have been won nut at a galloo but at a trot. Some of the finest Cavalry leaders that the world I BATTERY OF ROYAL ARTILLERY. and friends and enemies are inter- mingled in close combat depends for th* power of his cat on the power conferred by the movement forward of his horse. WHERE THE DIFFERENCB LIES. Naturally, where cavalry meets cav- alry, it is of Importance that the arm that is most powerful in a charge hall be the one that is used. That is beyond question the lance. But also the same is true wherever cavalry can catch monnted Infantry on horse- back. Under those conditions, the cavalry ha* all the advantage. That, however, needs some compari- son of both arm*, to be intelligible. The essence of the "Monnted Infan- tryman" is, what is implied in his name, that for fighting purposes he i* an infantryman purely and only. His horse is merely the vehicle that transports him rapidly to the place where he is to fight again. All his training for fighting is infantry train- ing. He is equipped for fighting on foot, and with us is dressed with hoes convenient for walking in, and either breeches and gaiters or breeches and "putties" that is to ay, with a long roll of cloth bound round his long sock*, either being convenient both fox mounted work or dismounted. The cavalryman, on the other hand, has his equipment adapted for riding and for riding only. He has long boots and breeches with jack-spurs. The training of good cavalry is on* of the must delicate and difficult oper- ations that concerns the business of peace preparations in an army. The cavalry must be trained to be the eye* and ear* of an army that is to say, it requires to be able te "skirmish" just, as much as infantry requires te learn to skirmish. In each case the principle consists has ever seen have believed that Cav- alry at a trot would always ride down Cavalry at a gallop, because of the greater order and regularity of a charge at a trot. With all fighting it is nearly always the last reserve thrown in that wins. With Cavalry that is pre-eminently so. For Cavalry that has been brought to a halt by collision with other cavalry has lost its great power that of momentum. Quite a small body of fresh Cavalry, therefore, thrown into a melee becomes decisive of the action. In the great Cavalry encounter which took place between the French and Germans during the battle of Mar La Tour, the greatest Cavalry engage- ment of that war, and so far as my memory carries me the greatest pure- ly Cavalry action, numerically, of the century, including all the wars of Napoleon, two German squadrons, which joined in nnerpectedly when returning from a distant reconnais- sance, decided the struggle. TRUE VALUE OF CAVALRY. Therefore, and because also the stroke of Cavalry coming with mo- i meutnm upon the flanks and rear of other Cavalry, which, even though charging at a good pace and in order, i has no momentum in that direction to i oppoea to them, is deadly, it is the continual effort of a good Cavalry ! leader to be bringing in fresh squad- rons unexpectedly in a new direction. The fact that "the insect man." and f vcn the man and horse, together find the features of the earth on which they tread far greater than they are f\ .11 when the ground seems to pre- i sent few irregularities, greatly facili- tates such action. Boer prisoners say that the rifle are of the English, though good, might be much Utter. Gen. Warren's Forces Withdrawn to the South of the Tugela. -pi." k>.p WBO Difficult ta Holo Far Want *t Water, ana III* Orr Who Mir. dd tion. Waoasata !> i.lrt to Ab.i..lu It-Bui or. to. Iliniliht a o- aail llimpt I ! 1 b Hoar Story of Cha l;lo.lr K.I. kin; of Saioa K.p. London, Jan. 29. The following ia the text of Gen. Duller 's despatch da ml .^learman's Camp, Saturday, Jan. 27, 6.1U p.m. : "On Jan. 2O Warren drove back the enemy and obtained pose>sion of the southern crests of the hitrli ta.M<i e\u-ndinK from the line of Ac- : tun Homes and Honin-T's Poort to the \vt_steru Ladvsnnth hills. "From then to .Ian. 25 he remain- ed in close contact with the enemy. "Ti.e ei<|.:uy held a strong po.ii'ion on a r.in^e of small kopjes stretch- ing fr...u northwest to southwest to south>.*ust across the plateau from \ . Homes thro i > Kop to t bank of the Tu. "The. actual poi-rum r.< 1<1 was per- but dkl m>r lend itself ance as the southern slopes rhat \\arren could not i and water BUJ';-!. v\.i-s d di ' c .Ity. -M.UO K-.II t '- i .it '. :i Jan 23 I assented to hia at- ' - u ,n Hoi . hill, in- -i mountain, whi h WUB ev idi-nt- was 111 the north h. 1 <>n the nicrht of Jan. 23 he at- Uui found it dim- ! s perimeter was 1 . and water which he had bit-n led to belie\e existed, in this nlinary dry .season, was found to bo very deficient. L.o.l. M.iu All Day. "The crest* were held all that day st severe attacks and a heavy shell tire, uur men fought with (ral- luntry. Would especially mention the conduct of the Second Caineroo- uuis and Jie Third king a Rides, who U( i>oried the attack on the moun- tain from the su-epest aide, and in each case fought their way to the and the S-nnd Lancashire Fusi- .1 Middlesex, who mag- niliciently maintained the beet tradi- tions 01 the British army throughout the tr- r x r day of Jan. 24 and Thor- n.MToft s .Mounted Infantry, who throuirhiiut the Oav equally well i of them. Iria>4l Co tb.ndon It. "Gen. Woudfrate. who was In com- mand of the sumum. having been i iie o:!.cer who succeeded u on tr.. ni^ht of Jan. 21 to a ...n.inri ti :i and did so before dawn Jan. 2.V hcd Warrens camp at 6 a. m. on Jan. -.> and decided that a second attack on Kop was usel. ss and that the enemy's ri-ht was loo strong to allow mo to tore*) It. Too Forco nuh.lr.wa Sooth. "Accordingly, I decided to with- '!niw the forces to the south of the :.i. At 6 a.m. we comm nc.-d .(rawing the tram, and m. Jan. 27 (Sunda> Warren s force was concentrated south of the ela without the lo.-a of a man or a pound of stores. fact that the force could witrnlraw from actual touch in some cases the lines were le>s than a thousand -yards nnurt with th enemy in the m.nrer It did K I think, sufficient evidence of che> morale of the troops, and that we wcrv per- mitted to withdraw our cumin- o\ and mule transport across the river ciirhty-Iivo yards broad with 2O foot barms and a vrv swift current unmolested is. I. think, proof th.r enemy has been taught to respect our soldiers' fighting pun era." The. Boer ii: - n in the f hev s< r The lloer ad\av.-l roiitinucd until were - r. itm-roua w.-re the hiirL'h rs t' at th-- (far>s fili- al a> t i.f ". sec- ^opje, but did n.,t (.-( furth r It >\ ,. . i. iwiti r f. The British Maxims bel-hed flame. .1 wall of t.n Ma men h.-ld the Enirlish bvrk. ! h ir .nd.r this pressure gradually gave way and broke, abandoning the ->osition. The prison, r hiirhly of the bravery of the i'urihers, who, des- pising cover, stood atrairst the Okv- 'ine eciijes of the summit, to shoot tho i : 'er.>d ir. trenches. 1-i-in- <-oi> inu.^d for some and tln-n th t ';siliers and the li.-ht Horse. -. r\ incr as infar.trv threw up their arms and nished out of t'-e trenches. The effect of the abandonment of Pi ion Kop by the Kniflish ran harrtly b* (niaiert as yet, hut it psiist prove to t e immense. An unMsual'v hi /h ;r portion of lyddito sheila did n t e\; l"de. if any, credence la to be placed In the alarmist despatches from London -iu-d by the sensational paiera in this city, it U noieu-orthy that ail -ei'.-r to a rumor current la London j that the Comnmt.-e 01 National De- ,' which held a meetine in I.on- uoii on Saturday, had decided to or- 'ler i;en. White to surrender Lady- -iii. "th or to make an effort to cut his way out. Lr.Vlii WANT MKUIATOB4. Whoa an4 Won irsman's Cnmp. Friday, Jan. 26. About - .n the morning of Jan. 24 ( Vi.-il.M-xiiiij . when heavy clouds reste.i upon the kopjes, the ucaui i oint of the 'ion, Ta- .iiui, w.,s e British infantry under *,.-?,-r.il \\u. .'.i^ate. Our forces crossed over a ravine and climl>ed the mountain aide steadily, getting within HI i yirds of th* enemy's first line of trenches. Boers, who hail I.een asleep. decani|d. lenvnur eM-rything behind, and the Uriti-.li, with ringing cheers, climbed to the summit. The Boers openerl nre from several points, but it was apparent that they had been taken completelty by sur- and their resistance was dis- pirited. The western crest of the hill Was soon won, and the infantry crept along the top of the hill. nritiBh irr*> ^i.^^-ro.l. At daybreak, however, the Boers from a hi-h |."irt i>n the extreme east sent a withering fire among the Hniish. which momentarily - them. The IWrs had the ranee fix- ed to a DU-ety. and their artillery sent several ahsOs neht to the top of the crest, forcing the infantry to take cowr. The H' 'T Nordenfeldt also wa worked with (rreat precision. The British held the position st irreat o.:i!s. At 10 o'clock ir reinforcement ^ were sent up nil, and : in skeleton formation, the enemy being driven back to the extreme point. Bmt Again B ajr tha TranoTaal Will Nat >a>k Poaaa first London, Jan. 29. Tha Berlin oirruspondent of The Daily Mall su.s "ilr I.eyls is a popular lion here. He Is being welcomed with an enthusiasm ordinary extended only >st favored en\o\s. I have as- .:ned from uniiu;.eahable evi- dence that he is trying to induce Ger- many to mediate." Lord. I lk A:>III. Berlin. Jan. 2!>. The Deutsrhe > Zeitunir publishes an interview .with Dr. Leyds, which repr?>v t him 'us having said. "The war with cer- tainty last a very long time. The Trans-vaal will deci<!e<llv not be the frst to seek peace and will refuse any proposals on the basis of the st*- ; tUS quo." Rravoly rali Ih* Sj-l^ht. London, Jan. 29. A special des- i from spearman's Cam; . dated Friday, n i do- of the operations ' f W -! >-9dav "The Bri'isl'. m-nle a most suo leessful mo\..n-e- t to-de de- ' ' riirht tlink { and reinforced the tifopx in posaas of Tahanvama. Thev were sub- i to a heivv B.v-r ^hpll flre. but i their i'- -t of Hen a Brigade x*ei..ie<l on the [.lain in front of M Ulva and within two hours ra!-d th-- height of St>i"n Ko^ under a heaw flrn. One - (i reached the summit before his comrades, proudl-v stood on ' K.iNu."'. I..f.ntrr arar .-.I. A special from Colenso. dated Wed- nesday, Jan 2t. i\s rhat Command- ant Lucas Mev.rs' rumilollfl surpris- ed and surrounded a stronir bodv of Bethune s Infantry, killing er wounding 2.'' d '-..["iring 15. AaatNor I...I ml i .u..lio-. The War Office jesterdav issued a This included two - . six se\ . .nded and four .ly wounded at Ri>n9t>erR on .l.tn 25. and four deaths from dia- Dr. Jamot Woaadad. Head Laazer. near La.dv<imlth. Thurs<lay, Jan. 2.". .Via Lorenzo Mari|uez, Jan. 2iv i It is rerx- h.re that as the result of "Lonr Tom's" prat" :oe on Monday. Pr -non was wounded in the lap:. u h.is \L-ued this Laa- ger. MAFEKING 15 RELIEVED. SENT DOWN FOR 20 YEARS. THE BOE_R_STORY. Haw Ibo Poor* >-*y Thar Korapturad Saion Kay Alorll Uail Koou Takou br th Briti.h. Boer Headquarter*, Moilder Spruit, r Tugelit, Wen- eN.la.N . Jan. 2-1. iiv;ht, via I ,,r m n M..T- j Thursday, Jan. 25.) ^ome \r ' buryli.Ts from the oiu;.'sis on the hiehest hills of the Spioti Kop group d into th.- ..'.i er BaVytaa] that the Kop was lost, .in i u it U. iiiiorceuienis were ordrrixi up. t not lung could 1 be djne lor some time, the hill be- ing enveloped in thick nu-t. Moor* Attack thi* K.ip. At dawn the II Idsll ITJ: and Caro- lina contingents, sunnli u.ented from oUier couiuiaini.. lxau the ascent o; the hill. i . pivcipitoua ctions, f.u-eii the lli-T positions. l [ thesv the advance was made. The n.TM-s \\ere left under the ursit ter- race of rock*. >v.ilui!; the .-ite.'i 1 the Boers found that the Kn^lish hail nuprov.'d the upportiiiniN ami entrencheel heavily. IV i ween the lines of trenches was an open veldt which had to be runhed under a heavy tin*, not only from rules. hut of lydibte and hru) nel from Held iruns Three forces ns eil the thnv spurs co-ordinat.-lv un- iler cover of I'.'-o '.- : :ve State Ivrupfi* and a rn. I ii(lilt \\.,,i li.-wn. The Kiujlish tri.^l to rush the I'.oers wiih t; e ba.MMiet. but the infantry do. in before the riil* Uro as be- fore a scythe. K.par.i.d oa i.ou I . .11. T 4^1 *utUontT That Roli.l I *tu. oil lu4laj, J.,.. .'J Lorenzo Moniuez. Pi-lacoa Bay. .y. Jan. 2i. <rl on good Tranavaal autii.': 1 king was relieved ou 1 ,.e-.ia.. , Jan. 2.3. Mnfeklnf wt >r the Boen on tons | ! t.iwa nith B'vii 1 ! Kurt Tull, . to niar.ll tie wa n last r.'p.irttM h- ! SI..-UMi. 10O milft north of M.-it. k'.iig. A i . bad witb<lrawu I .;... ulm. dvxrujriiig ib bridge it tbai puiut. I. ...i. h . - TII 1 >Ufii<> I, 4t4Oro. London, Jan. 20. There are slims of i .iportant movements developing in the North of I ape Colony, eral French has *u> reeded in cettmjr in touch with i.en i.atacre, possibly l'ri,,--u.ij a combination of the t\v. coluums and the i oinmencement of a .o: cei iration of the f'.rces. which is .ed to be the croundwork Of Lord Koberts' plan of campaign. "BRITISH DEAD 1,500," Arrorilinc ta a Uoptah Krm Baor Had 1 i i;r at 1 ^T.aiitlfe an thur-.l,*. Boer Hend 1 aarer. Ij>dysmith, Jan. 23. (Q p.m.) The British dead left on the batueiield yesterday numbered 1,500. 13O l-.nti.h \Voro Takoa. London. Jan. 29. The following despatch has been receive.! in 1.. from 1'retoria. il.ite.1 Jan. 2.". \ ia I om ^ '.in. 2S: "The ernment Is ad\ isi^J that, after i I r Sjiion Kop, some . ish on the Kop I emir stormed, h ed a white Hag. One hundred lifty prisoner*, ('.oil t-e I, but also had to give brave and valuable lives." the forribl* I *lti.. The War omce does not give any of the casualties in taking and holding Spion Kup. l<ut a re]>ort from the lloer heii'inu.i i ' <-ri r^er t.;n!.-. - smith, vui 1 ON " Marquei. says L.500 I'Mit^h .'.Mil were loft on tho liattleileM. Tins i timber is :ht to include the The m id that General Duller had been down with fever, but had recovered. Arthur < i-idni 4! Kc-.vo 4 BO.VT aa- t.nro lor Attoaxploa; llr.i.r tka Qaaaa 1 * Cbaaalalo at ItTndbor*.. A nrnn named D.ucnault fell ofl a :. train at Ii . . aga. Que.. on Sunday evening und \vas killed. \\. tl'ilalley of St. Henri. Que., be- in^r despondent, couinutied suicide by shooting hi"""* 1 * with ti revolver on '>' :ur Cardinal has been sent bv Mr Justice Kose at Toronto to -ton I'eni-enriary for attemrt- itiK to murder John Huirhes, a fellow in the i > 'ral I'rison. > : '.ill not oppose I . Ml'., in North :>:ton attain The C'on.^ervativeS) i.l call another convention to < a candidate. I'olieo (Xi.cers at Qulncy, 131.. on Saturday night killed two exnert safe blowers and wounded another man. who rcf' .- ' : - > the names of either himself or his pa is. The boxes 01 sent to the troops by the Queen have been dis- ed to the wounded soldiers at W\ndber*, Cape t'olony. Tho boxes" i niaii'l a hi -h premiiun attempt wns made on Friday nicht to burn down the Chinese the* ntre at Vancouver. B r., when there \\ ere prolv. ' ly 4OO persons in the building. It is said revenge prompt- ed the deed. A committee of prominent writers 1 and artists has ' ited br 'he French admirers of John Ruskirt to go to Kncl.in.l r inir a maKnificent wreath to be placed on his tomb. Hon. C,. E. Foster m an address in Masgey HaM. Voronto. on Sun- day said the t e ng-ht In the) ne -v century must continue alonf edu- cation.U lines. He himself had beam a teetotaler since hia 13th vear. v i ' Klnii-r of I'tlca. X.Y.. celebrated his 11-th birthday anni- versary oat r is blind and denf. but his nien'nl faculties are) unimpaired. He was born in Warren. Herkim-r Coun'y. in 177'J. and serv- ed in tlv 1 Fourth Kevini'Tit at Sao kett's Harbor during the war of 1ST. 1 . rol. Bellinger was his com- mander. IS THIS TRUE? Did tha Dofoaoa Cuminittoo Or4ar Whit* ta SarrontUr I *.linith or Cut Hli i. mil. New York. Jan 29. While little. A Krakoinaa Killod* Ottawa, Jan. 29 J. T. Hylea, a bmkeman on the Canada Atlantic Railway, was Xiln-d \v;nie encased in Bh'intini; in the >.irds of the com- pany here yesterda> nioruiug. lie was an uniminied PI. m Froi.'ti N it MI, tl >.t * r.i.ut^d. Taris. Jan. 2<J. The eKvtlon of - practical rout for the N.i.ion.' 1 of their thirty candi- dates being elected.