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TRANSPORTATION AND COMMUNICATIONS __ I i~~~~~ wil~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ Railuay crossing on Giand River Street, before subw ay (uas built. The small hailding housed the guard. During the following summer, while visiting his family at Tutela Heights, Bell continued his experiments. And thus it happened that early on the evening of August Io, he left Brantford in a buggy and took the road towards Paris. Carefully he held an iron-box telephone receiver in his lap. He was about to attempt - over a telegraph line- the first long-distance telephone call in history. When Bell arrived in Paris, he drove up Grand River Street to the shoe-store of Robert White (the site is now marked by a bronze plaque). He entered the store; and having gone to the back where a telegraph-key clicked, began to make arrangements with George Dunlop, a boy of sixteen, who was the Paris operator for the Dominion Telegraph Company. Dunlop helped Bell to set up his equipment, and then went out to invite some of his best customers to watch the demonstration. Within a few minutes (news travelled swiftly in Paris) a large crowd had pushed into the store, and men were jostling and shoving at the doorway, and babbling with exub- erance. The noise and press were so great that finally the door had to be closed. When Bell was ready, he wired instructions to the telegraph office in Brantford, where W. H. Griffin (the manager), Bell's father, and others, were operating the transmitter. Griffin and some of the others spoke into the transmitter. Bell (in his own words) heard "perfectly deafening noises" and "explosive sounds like the discharge of distant artillery." But in the background, he could hear "vocal sounds in a far-away sort of manner and when there was singing, 227