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yy Rt a a eg be Ago. Hints for the Poultry Raiser 5 What Can be Done With Poultry? There are few agricultural crops thas sare greater than that of poul- ry. Any man, woman or child will Mind profit in poultry culture. We find poultry a neglected side issue on farms to an elevated business . which affords support and luxuries to many a family. Poultry raising 'will flourish anywhere regardless -of climate. : An Interesting Occupation. Poultry raising is an interesting occupation. The returns can be secured quickly. Of course the amount of money to be got out of it depends upon the'work applied and ability for making a 'go of it's Many fail--as i+ other lines of busi: ness. If it was such a sure thing; the country would be flooded with the hen products, There is a good ver cent, of inteWest for the ones who are willing 6 do the work as it should be doné. For anyone who ail is atlapted to this line of work, he |i will find steady job. < Good Stock Best. These days the farmer cannot af- ford to harbor stock, neither cam he afford to feed and care for mou- grel fowls. No one is able to raise poultry so cheaply as the farmer. Of course if one has a large number it will require a little more work. Right Feeding Essential. No matter what breed is kept, they must be fed properly to attain the best results. Not one in ten of the thousands of flocks on the farm produces enough eggs to pay for the feed and 5 great many only just pay for their board, to say nothing about the time taken to care for them, which means that the feed given them is nothing but a loss. Many farmers think as long as they can take some eggs to town and buy a few groceries, that their hens are making good. They do not know how much their coffee, ete., is costing them, as no records are kept and they cannot tell where they are at with their hens. Great Possibilities on the Farm. There are rare possibilities on the farm for a profitable poultry plant and every farm should have a flock of 500 or 1,000 hens. If pro- per methods are used, a goodly sum of money can be obtained from the farm flock. One great trouble on the farm in the winter is that the fowls are not given any or not in it a good, paying, 'Duting #hé winter, when eggs 'at the fighest; the farmer has more enough greed food. Kale should be raised or oats sprouted. If the people who manage the great poul- try plants of the country on a small lot of ground after buying all their food are able to make a good pro- fit from poultry, it would seem like the farmer could more than double this profit... Where stock is kept. there is so much food going to waste. 5 Demand Increasing. «The demand for poultry products is on the increase. No market has ever refused to buy our products and it-is up to the producer to mar- ket af uch times of the year when he.can jobtain the highest price. are time to care for the flock. Poultry een with us for hundreds of S&<and we are only beginning EMI; the best methods of care Iefded. 'Egg production i« sadly eptedted on farms where it could be made to pay the best. On the farm, the grounds are apt to be more wholesome. The death list is small and food cheap- er. Orchards and timber lots make an ideal place to rear poultry. In- sects are abundant, and plenty of scratching material is at hand thus furnishing the fowls with the need- ed exercise. More failures coms from under feeding than from any other one cause. In every flock, we have a lot of birds that should be culled out. : The Hen and the Cow. Poultry is fast taking a place side by side with the cow, in supplying the necessities of life. You need but a small piece of ground to es- tablish & poultry plapt and a start can be made with small capital. The increase in stock is yery fast. There is more profit in eggs, and the most profit comes in the winter time when the eggs are high or in the spring when you can sell eggs for hatching purposes. During July and August, when eggs are low in price, is a good time to raise your own meat, as these chickens, if given clean quarters, can almost take care of themselves, if they are given free range. Most persons think that the spring is the omly time to hatch chickens. Why allow a closed sea- son any time of the year? Make a: longer season of it. Spread profits over the whole year. WAR MAPS, IN THE MAKING MAPS ARE VERY NECESSARY IN TIME OF WAR. -- -- Describing How the Features of a Countryside Are Transferred to Paper. It is well-nigh impossible to ex- aggerate the importance of maps in warfare. Conceive, if you can, two mod- ern Powers at war, the one well supplied with maps, the other pos- sessing none at all. However su- berior the latter side might be in regard to men and munitions, it would probably be beaten in the end through its lack of maps. Strategy minus maps is like a pe- destrian minus sight. It was about one hundred: and seventy years ago that the British Government first realized the truth of this. Necessity is the mother of invention, and during the rebellion of 1745 our officers in the north of Scotland were greatly hampered becanse they had no reliable maps. - They told this to the Government, and the Government decided to pay proper attention to the map ques- tion in future. But they were mighty slow about it! It was not until over a hundred years later that the whole country was properly mapped out, and the Ordnance Survey could point to completed achievements. It must be remembered, however, that the work of map-making is an exceed- ingly arduous one, and that the maps we now possess are of the finest gdescription, Made in Many Sizes. Take, for instance, our six inches- to-the-mile Ordnance Survey Maps. With one of these maps before you, you might work out the position of every house and , 8nd almo 'of every bush or tree, But you can pirdase larger than these, map re is a rol hg inches doe tail ile map, and another of ten and a alf feet-to-the-mile| The lash ma; is a one five-hundredth as large as yas er maps cover the life. That is to say, if you cut out the portion representing your back garden, it would cover a five-hun- dredth part of the lawn. Five hun- dred such portions would cover it entirely. Only towns possessing more than four thousand inhabitants are sur- veyed on this huge scale. The cul- tivated districts of all parishes are mapped on the twenty-five inch scale, which works out at one square inch to the acre. The small- whole of the kingdom, and 'cost from 1s. to .2s. 6d. each. : How are these maps made? How is it possible to get a proper birds'- eye view of the land without going up in a balloon or airship? And, of course, merely to look down upon the country from a great height would not tell you the exact length of every road and lane and footpath, the exact area of every field and pool, the exact height of every hill, and the exact distance between Farmer Giles's cottage and the vicarage! ~ Map-making 1s an art, and needs as much study and skill as painting a picture. The Process in Brief. The following is a rough outline of the elaborate process: First, the land has to be survey- ed. Every inch of the district has to be measured, every curve and angle noted, every elevation, no matter how slight, reckoned out and recorded. The size and area of every object must be found, and the point of the compass or direc- tion which these face must be ac- curately gauged. All the items of this out-door in- venfory are entered in the field- book. One gingle slip of the men who are doing the surveying and meaguring, or of the man who keeps the fleld-hook, or of the artist who eventually = transoribes the field- book's notes into the Ordnance map, will throw Sjenyinine elge out of gear, When the fleld-work has been completed, the map ig drawn --very slowly, very carefully, and with constant ehecking of every de- You may wonder sometimes to note the extraordinary clearness of .each crammed portion of a map. an = Fifteen thousand British were many last September, long before newspaper reader in Germany knows, were both sunk .n f in German iil E Above is shown the 1 's name The Germans mus if pictorial lying is meeded for encouragement. going down were published by naval officers. No date is specified, nor the ship Troop-ship in the Channel." drowned in the Yser.. any of the British hadi ie Dogger awas widely circulated by the press in Ger- hed the district. The Lion and Tiger, every Bank battle--two pictures of the lustrated journals of repute, purporting to be from sketches atest German picture of the disaster that never "happened. --which is discreet. It is entitled: 'Sinking of an English t be in more despondent mood than outsiders imagine This is due to the fact that a map can be drawn on a very large scale, in which the artist is not cramped, and can afterwards he reduced by photography. Thus the map as you see it may have been originally drawn on a sheet a dozen times as large. Still, our modern maps do not al- ways show as much detail as did those of ancient times. There is an old papyrus in the.Turin Museum, drawn about 1400 B.C., which gives, besides the rivers, the crocodiles and fish swimming in them! oe BUND ARE TEACHING BLIND HELPLESS VICTIM: OF BATTLE LEARN TRADES. St. Dunstan's, Regent Park, Lon- don, Lent by Otte Kahn, Is Novel Training School. Help for the blind bv the blind is the working principle of the insti- tution opened by the Blinded Sol- diers' and Sailors' Care Committee at St. Dunstan's, Regent lark. That principle in its application has made St. Dunstan's one of the most interesting places in London. It has lightened the sadness which, more actual than the imprint of pain, though much more elusive, lingers in the faces of the men who are learning here how to begin life once more at the beginning and to discount misfortune and defeat memory by new achievement. The object of the work is to teach every blind soldier g trade by which he may expect to earn his living and to inroduce him at the same time to the Braille system of reading and writing. Blind in- structors have been engaged in every instance. These men are among the most capable workers in the country and their energy and enthusiasm are an immediate in- centive to effort. The knowledge that other men have 'made good" in spite of their blindness is there- fore the fitst lesson which the blind soldier receives. There is generally in his character a qual- ity of determination which, thus aroused, may be counted upon to achieve success. Lent by Otto Kahn. St. Dunstan's, which was lent to] the committee by Otto Kahn, is a very large house standing in fif- teen acres of ground. Thanks to this latter circumstance it has been found possible to include poultry farming and market gardening among the subjects of instruction. This country-life section has heen taken over by Capt. Pierson-Web- ber, one of the best known blind ex- perts in England. Oapt. Plerson- Webber'g life is ifself a romance of sugoesgful endeavor against heavy odds; he has proved that a blind man may without previous knowl- edge compete with experts on their own ground ; his 4 , qonneo- tlon with poyltry forming is known throughout the agricultural woyld, y very wonderful devices ave been ire uced by him inte. the pagel arm which hes. now conducting. The. @rrangements of gates and pens, of railings and coops, reveal extraordinary ingen- uity. A blind man, by means of them, is enabled to conduct the farm with entire success, to catch any fowl he may desire, to drive his birds from one plot of ground to another, to collect eggs and gen- erally superintend everything. Capt. Pierson-Webber was a sol- dier himself before he became blind 'and therefore is especially well qualified to help the men who are receiving instruction from him. © Small Beginnings. Inside the house, in a large con- servatory, work tables have been arranged for the teaching of car- pentry, boot repairing, mat making and basket making. 'The scene of a recent visit to this workshop - was an intensely interesting one. At the carpenter's bench a young fel- low who lost his sight on the Aisne was just completing his first pic- ture frame. It. did his instructor and himself credit. In this case blindness was caused by a bullet which passed from one side of the forehead to the other, injuring the optic nerves. Near him another young soldier, a victim of bursting shrapnel, was having his first les- son in drilling with a brace. That he was entering inte the spirit of his work was obvious from his cheerful expression, yet only a short time ago he returned to this country from a German prison, broken down in health and without hope for the future. The boot makers were very busy and their work defied faultfindiug- So also were the mat makers. The only pupils of the basket making instructor were two young Belgians who have been welcomed to thi stitution and who are very quigk picking up a trade. ot In another room a massage class was in progress. Massage is one of those very useful cocupations ab which blind people are found to excel." In view of the widespread need for this treatment which the 'war has produced and is producing, no better lesson could be taught or learned. The large Braille room was full of pupils, some of them being instructed in the elements of the alphabet; others at work on the ingenious Braille typewriters. Everywhere one met the spirit of hope and cheerfulness, until the impression of pathos gave place to an enduring sense of admiration. Here surely is A Nobler Courage even than the fierce bravery of war. There are guarters for officers in the institution and these have al- ready been called into use. Reading and writing will be taught to these young fellows and also probably some outdeor work, When their period of instruction is over it Is hoped that it wil be possible to place men in permanent positions and a large grant has been made by the Prince of Wales's Fund toward this purpese,: The agtual cost of running the hotel is borne by the Nationgl Institute for the Blind, , e Red Cross and the Order of Bi. 0. n, . A great part of the oredit *crthis plop es belongs to O, Arthur Pearson, whese in orest in his fellow sufferers from blinds ness is so well known. Under Mr. | 'cholegi~2l problem to be Pearson's direction the grounds of the house haye been specially pre- pared for the comfort of the sol- diers. All stepways and danger- ous places have been surrounded by wooden boards so that the al- tered resistance of the foot may give warning of their presence. He has also encouraged the use of the lake, which communicates. with that in Regent's Park. Blind men are generally fond of rowing and it is one of the few outdoor sports in which they can participate. "A blind man feels," Mr. Pearson said, 'that when he is rowing a boat he is conducting other people and not, as at other times, being - conducted by them." ! It is this attitude of sympathy and this comprehension of the psy- solved that endows the work at St. Dun- stan's with so much value and at- traction. > J PARIS CLUBS PATRIOTIC. Canvass Shows Many Members Killed or Wounded. A libel on young Frenchmen be- longing to the highest society has stirred up sufficient indignation to produce several detailed replies, al- though the original statement is stigmatized as unworthy of notice as being the work of German agents. A Portuguese paper began the trouble by stating that 'about 740 deserters from the French army, almost all belonging to the aristocracy or the highest ranks of society, are now at Sin Remo' (in Italy). = To establish the baselessness of this statement, an investigation has; been.made into the effect of the war, ni the most select Paris clubs. At * vile Jockey Club, 3¢ members have! | Been. wounded, 9 are prisoners, 35 have been mentioned in despatches, 15 have won the 'Legion of Honor, 2 have been decorated with ths, military medal, and 6 proposed for, promotion in the Legion of Honor,!. every one of the foregoing being. «=~ bearers of noble titles. # The Cercle Agricole, familia#ly, known as the 'Potato Clubs' has lost 8 members killed, 12:%Wounded and 4 missing. The Union Artis+ tique, or "Epatamt,'} (extraordi- nary), has had 7 killed, 18 wound. ed, 17 missing and 10 mentioned im despatches. . , or od The Automobile Club has had 15° ## killed and 30 wounded; the Rue Royale Club, 4 killed, ¥ wounded,' and 3 missing; the Cercle Artis- tique et Litteraire (Volney Club), 4 killed. These statistics are nok complete, but they show that the aristocratic class, like every other in the country, has done its duty, and mot fled to any Italian pleasure, resort. Ee . A Good Talker. A man of real conversational tals ent* will take all-the time he wants, and leave his hearers satisfied with the moments he has left to them. A woman who ds a really good talken will leave der hearers conscious that she has not said a great deal, wishing she had sald more, and de: termined to give her another op- portunity to 4) her say out. ! I'm pot afraid of horses now | automobiles 'are so much more vi~ clous.