of winter. Among those who died was the Rev. Rasmus Jensen. By his death the seed of the Lutheran Church was planted in the soil of the "true north, strong and free." More than a century later the early Lutheran settlers of Nova Scotia lived and gave their lives in the search for and preservation of that freedom which is at once our spiritual and cultural heritage: freedom to worship in accordance with the faith of their fathers. In the years of the American Revolution an estimated number of 35,000 people came to Canada from the United States out of a feeling of loyalty for the British Crown. They have subsequently been spoken of as United Empire Loyalists. Among them were a number of Lutheran families who made their home in Nova Scotia. Other Lutheran United Empire Loyalists came to Upper Canada as members of the King's Royal Regiment of New York under the leadership of Sir John Johnston. The majority of them settled in the St. Lawrence Valley. Within a short time these settlers, the majority of whom were Lutherans,1) contributed to the prosperous development of this section of Canada through thrift and industry in flour mills and saw mills, at the loom and in the tilling of the soil. Concerning them the wife of Canada's first Lieutenant Governor, Mrs. Simcoe, has written in her diary that "their houses and grounds have a neater appearance than those of any other people." 2) Thus they contributed to the economic development of Canada. Likewise we find members of their number active in the political arena. In his Canadian Mosaic Murray Gibbon tells us of a Lutheran Palatine "who became a good Canadian" and was a United Empire Loyalist. His name was Henry Markley. In the year of the Declaration of Independence he was shot at and wounded by an anti-British neighbor. After recovering from his wound and being imprisoned he made his escape to Canadian soil at Niagara. There he joined the King's Royal Regiment of New York. At the end of the War of Independence in 1783 he took up land at Williamsburg in Dundas County. From 1804-1808 he served as a representative of Dundas County in the House of Commons. It is said of him that he was honest and independent, of sterling integrity, of humorous disposition and a frequent guest at the Governor's table." 3) When Murray Gibbon, therefore, states in the opening pages of his Canadian Mosaic, "The coming of the United Empire Loyalists made possible the Canada we know", we rejoice in the knowledge that also through them the Lutheran Church has had a part in making Canada. This share of the Lutheran Church in helping to build Canada is not limited to the history of the past; it is continuing in the immediate present. Nor is it limited to Canada's East; we likewise find it in the West. This may be seen from an experience related by the Hon. J. G. Gardner, Minister of Agriculture. I have reference to an occurrence reprinted from the House of Commons Hansard in the Canada Lutheran in July, 1943. Mr. Gardiner was attending the military funeral of a young doctor who had enlisted at the out- 1) Heinz Lehmann, Z. Gesch. d. Deutscht. in Canada. Stuttgart, 1931 p. 50. 2) Diary of Mrs. Graves Simcoe, p. 105. 3) Murray Gibbon, Canadian Mosaic. Toronto, 1938, p. 168, 169.